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Elements, Compounds, Mixtures p16
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Warm up: what is everything on earth made
of?
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Matter is anything that has mass and volume.
What are all of the possible states of matter?
An Element is a substance that cannot be
separated into simpler substances chemically.
Found on periodic table. (ex: H, Na, B)
Compounds or molecules, are two or more
elements bonded together. (ex: NaCl, H2O)
Pure substances are elements & compounds.
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Mixtures p16
 Mixtures
are a blend of two or
more substances
 Heterogeneous: a mixture with
visibly different parts ex) salad,
cookie, pizza
 Homogeneous: a mixture without
visibly different parts ex) saltwater,
pepsi, kool-aid
Properties of Matter p18
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Warm up: how would you describe your best
friend? (at least 5 characteristics)
Extensive properties depend on the amount of
matter in the sample, like mass and volume.
Intensive properties depends on the type, not
amount, like color, odor, reactivity.
A physical property can be measured without
changing its composition.
A chemical property can be observed only if it
goes through a chemical change.
Which answers to your warm up were
Physical? Chemical? p17
Physical Changes of Matter 18
 Physical
changes can be observed
without changing the identity of
substance ex) size, melting, freezing.
 Separate mixtures by: filtration,
evaporation (recrystalization) ,
magnets, distillation, chromatography.
Chemical Changes p20
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Warm up: explain how you would separate a
mixture of water and alcohol?
Chemical changes permanently alter a
substance ex) fermentation, reactions,
cooking food, burning wood, decomposing.
Chemical reactions are processes where one
substance is changed into a new one.
A reactant is what goes into a reaction and
the product is what comes out.
If the product is solid, it is called a
precipitate.
Chemical changes p 20
Indications of a chemical reaction are:
*light & heat change(energy transfer),
color change, gas forms, or change in
odor.
 Law of Conservation of Mass: matter
cannot be created nor destroyed, but can
change form.
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Temperature p22
Warm up: Why is a chemical change
different than a physical change?
 Temperature is a measure of kinetic energy
 Measured by thermometers
 Farenheit, Celcius, and Kelvin Scales
C=5/9(F-32) F=(9/5C)+32
K=C+273 C=K-273
 Absolute zero: where an atom has no more
kinetic energy. Impossible to attain.
 Is around -273.14 Co or 0 Kelvin.
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Energy p22
Energy is the capacity to do work or
produce heat.
 Law of conservation of energy: energy is
neither created nor destroyed in any
process, but it can change form.
 What are the different forms of energy?
 Kinetic=movement Potential=stored video
 We measure energy in calories, or Joules
(1 cal = 4.184 Joules) (1 Cal=1000cal)
 Ex) How many Joules in 525.0 calories?
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