Download Renaissance and Reformation - Watertown City School District

Bellringer
They provide water for
humans, plants and
Why were River Valleys a
animals.
good place to settle down?
Floods leave behind Silt
Water for trade
Silk Road- silk, gunpowder,
paper
Name two different Trade
Monsoon Marketplaceroutes and an item traded
spices, silk, Buddhism
along it
West Saharan Trade- Gold
and Salt
They had power over the
religious and secular lives
Why are God-Kings more
of their people
powerful than just a king?
Hammurabi’s (Babylon)
Twelve Tables (Rome)
Name 2 written law codes,
Justinian’s Code (Byzantine)
why are these important?
Sharia- Islam
Secular- worldly
Renaissance and Reformation
Review: Medieval Europe
After the Roman Empire fell, Europe fell
into darkness:
-no trade
-no education
-constant wars between lords
A Feudal system emerged, creating a rigid
society based on the exchange of loyalty
and service for land and protection
Review: Medieval Europe
The Roman Catholic Church was the
dominant force of Medieval Europe.
The Roman Catholic Church
maintained power by threatening
excommunication, which would
deny the Sacraments (sacred
rituals).
People who did not receive
Sacraments believed they were
going to Hell.
Review: Medieval Europe
In Eastern Europe, the former
Eastern Roman Empire became the
Byzantine Empire.
Byzantine Christians were different
from Roman Catholics. They did not
believe in the authority of the Pope,
they spoke Greek, and they allowed
priests to marry.
Overtime, the Byzantines split away
and created the Greek Orthodox
sect. This is called a Schism.
SchismA permanent split
within a religion
Bellringer
Varied: mountains,
What are
the geographic
deserts,
jungles,
rivers and
features
ocean
coastof China? What
effect
do these
have
on
It kept
them
isolated
and
China?
ethnocentric
The Roman Catholic
Church
What was the MOST
powerful force during the
European middle ages?
The Neolithic Revolution
What time period was the
change
made
from change
Nomadic
Revolution
equals
hunting and gathering to
settled living and
husbandry?
Judaism and Christianity
What religions meet the
following criteria:
-monotheistic
-10 commandments
-Abraham
Review: Medieval Europe
The Crusades began when Muslim
Ottomans invaded the Byzantine
Empire.
The Greek Orthodox Christians turned
to the Pope for help, and he sent
thousands of Roman Catholics to dispel
the Muslims and reclaim the Holy Land
The Crusades occurred over hundreds
of years and through a series of wars.
They were not successful.
Review: Medieval Europe
The Crusades resulted in an increase in trade.
Returning crusaders wanted many of the goods they were exposed to including
spices, silk, and ivory.
Most goods flowed through the Middle East into Italy then throughout Europe
Renaissance 1300-1500s
The Darkness of the Middle Ages gave way to the
Renaissance, or cultural rebirth
The Renaissance was a time of creativity and
changing views of the world and humans.
The focus shifted from Religion to humans.
Instead of focusing on the afterlife,
Renaissance thinkers focused on living while
on Earth.
RenaissanceTime of European
cultural rebirth
Book Notes
You have 35 minutes to find a partner and answer
questions 1-6 on your Renaissance and Reformation
worksheet.
We will cover the answers throughout the rest of the
Renaissance notes.
This is your first grade of the marking period!!
Bellringer
Shrimp among the whales
Cultural
Bridge nickname?
What is Korea’s
Bow and arrow
What are 2 technologies
Stirrups
made
to help
with warfare
Cannons/
gunpowder
that
we have
learned about
Curved
swords
so far?
Irrigation, terrace farming
Shaduf,
Name 2Chinampas
technologies that
were developed to help
grow more food in the
ancient world
What religion meets the
Hinduism
following criteria:
-Caste System
-reincarnation
-Karma/ dharma
-Ganges River
The Renaissance
Time period of creativity and changing
views
Focus shifted from religion to Secular
(worldly) pursuits.
The Renaissance is characterized by
Humanism.
HumanismIntellectual movement focused
on secular (worldly) issues
instead of religion
Humanism
“Focus on worldly rather than religious issues”
What this really means is that the artists,
thinkers and philosophers will focus on
daily life
Many artists will focus on humans in their
earthly life span, not in the afterlife
Humanism weakens the church.
Italian start
The Renaissance began in Italy for three reasons:
1) Classical focus
2) Center of trade
3) Wealthy merchants
1) Classical Focus
The Renaissance focused on the Classical
influences from Ancient Greece and Rome.
Italy was the center of the Ancient Roman
culture, with architecture, literature and
monuments throughout
Center of Trade
Italy is a Peninsula (surrounded by
water on 3 sides) and therefore had
access to much trade.
The Italian ‘boot’ kicks into the
Mediterranean sea, connecting
Italy to the Middle East and Silk
Road
Remember: Water is a geographic
factor that promotes trade
Patron Merchants
Due to its ideal location on trade routes,
many merchants became very wealthy.
These merchants became patrons of the
arts, donating large sums to create art
pieces in painting, sculptures and
architecture.
The Roman Catholic Church was another
patron of the arts in Renaissance Italy
Patron- someone who
provides support to a
cause or person
Florence and the Medicis
Florence is a symbol of the Renaissance. With a
large population of poets, artists, scholars and
scientists, Florence was an ideal Renaissance City
The Medici family became rich through trade, and
soon controlled the economic and political
spheres of Florence.
Bellringer
A wealthy supporter of a
cause or person
What is a Patron?
Typically fund the arts
Classical focus
Center of trade
Wealthy
What
are 3merchants
reasons why the
Renaissance began in Italy?
Humanism
What ONE word describes
the Renaissance?
Islam
What religion meets the
following criteria:
-Quran
-Allah
-five pillars
Medici Family
In the 1400s, the Medici family began a
banking business and became very rich
Their money bought them political power, but
was also used to fund the arts.
The Medici family is one of the largest patrons
of Renaissance art, second to only the Church.
Lorenzo the Magnificent even founded an art
school.
Humanities--Humanism
The Renaissance promoted creativity, but
the Europeans looked to the Ancient Greeks
and romans for inspiration
Petrarch hunted down ancient Greek and
Roman texts and created a library. This
helped preserve classical works.
Artistic Golden Age
Renaissance art attempted to be more
realistic. To do this artists began using
perspective
Perspective means they drew closer objects
larger and farther objects smaller.
They also studied live models and classical
art to be more realistic.
Perspective
Perspective
Renaissance Artists
The greatest of the Renaissance
artists are still well known
today:
-Leonardo da Vinci
-Michelangelo
-Raphael
-Donatello
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles
Yes, the teenage mutant ninja
turtles were named after the
Renaissance painters. As the
creator recalls:
“One ninja turtle became
four, each named after a
Renaissance master, each
with a different weapon. "It
was, like, 'Here's the next big
thing, ninja turtles. Ha-haha,' " Eastman recalls. “
Leonardo da Vinci
-painter, sculptor, engineer, writer and musician
-seen as a true Renaissance man because of his
many skills.
-Leonardo dissected corpses to be accurate in
anatomy when depicting human forms.
-sketched submarines, helicopters and planes
hundreds of years before they existed.
-Wrote in mirrored writing, making t difficult to
decipher.
Most famous for the Mona Lisa
Michelangelo
Michelangelo was a sculptor, engineer, painter,
architect and poet
His most famous works are David, Pieta and the
Sistine Chapel
Sistine
Chapel
 Notice the curved ceiling?
That is just a trick of
perspective… the ceiling is
completely flat.
Raphael
Came after Leonardo and Michelangelo
Raphael drew the School of Athens, an
imaginary gathering of great thinkers:
Plato, Aristotle, Michelangelo, Leonardo
and himself.
He also created the Madonna, a statue of
Mary, Mother of God
Donatello
Donatello is a lesser known Renaissance
Artist
He is best known for his bronze David and
the Penitent Magdalene
Machiavelli
Studied ancient Rome and politics
Wrote The Prince, a guide to gain and
maintain power
According to Machiavelli, the ends
justify the means
He said rulers should achieve power
regardless of the means to get there
Northern Renaissance
The northern Renaissance was delayed because
Northern Europe was devastated by the Black
Death
The Northern Renaissance produced men like
Shakespeare and Gutenberg.
Flemish painters focused more on
scenes of everyday life instead of
Religious themes
Shakespeare
One of the best known Northern Renaissance men.
He has written 37 plays, including Romeo and
Juliet, Hamlet, and Julius Caesar
Shakespeare created many new words in his plays
such as bedroom, lonely, generous
However, Shakespeare is a very controversial
figure. Some claim he was really a woman, he was
homosexual or possibly even plagiarized all his
plays.
Johann Gutenberg
Used a metal printing press to copy the
Bible. This led to an explosion of books
being printed.
More books were quickly made, and
cheaply. These cheap books allowed more
people to learn how to read and write.
.
.
.
Indulgences
Gutenberg
.
Horrible Histories: Renaissance Report