Download Quantum Numbers, Spectra Calculations

Quantum Numbers
• Objective
– Today I will be able to:
• Identify the properties of the 4 types of quantum numbers
• Determine the quantum numbers for various electrons in an atom
• Evaluation/ Assessment
– Informal assessment – student responses when reviewing quantum
numbers problems
– Formal Assessment – collecting and analyzing students responses to
quantum on the practice sheets
Lesson Sequence
• Warm – Up
• Explore: Students will use a
textbook to research the four
types of quantum numbers
• Explain: Quantum Numbers
• Elaborate: Writing quantum
numbers practice
• Evaluate: Review quantum
numbers practice
• Explain: Electromagnetic
spectra calculations
• Elaborate: Electromagnetic
spectra calculations
• Exit Ticket
Warm - Up
• Have your evaluation and your valance electron
ws on your desk
• What are valance electrons?
• How do you determine the number of valance
electrons in an atom?
• How many valance electrons are there in the
following elements:
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–
–
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Mg
O
Ge
Cr
Objective
• Today I will be able to:
– Determine the quantum numbers for various
electrons in an atom
Homework
• Electrons Quiz 2
– tTuesday, November 5
Agenda
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Warm – Up
Review Orbital Diagrams
Review Valance Electrons
Quantum Numbers
Spectrum Calculations
Exit Ticket
Quantum Numbers Activity
Quantum Numbers
• Quantum numbers tell us properties of the atomic
orbitals, and electrons, in an atom.
• Like giving each electron its own addres
• An orbital is a 3-D region of an atom where there is a
high probability of finding electrons
(NOT an actual ring & NOT like the planetary orbitals)
Principal Quantum
Number
Angular Momentum
Quantum Number
Magnetic Quantum
Number
Spin Quantum Number
Textbook
• You will need a textbook to look up information about the
quantum numbers.
Know for each Quantum #
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Definition
Symbol
The allowed values
An example
A visual representation of the quantum number
Review Quantum Numbers as a
Class
Discussion of the 4 types of quantum
numbers and there properties
Quantum Number Review Notes
Quantum Numbers
• Used to describe various properties of
the orbitals
• Each electron is assigned a set of four
quantum numbers which, in order, are n,
l, ml , and ms
• Like giving each electron its own address
Principle quantum number
• Definition: indicates the main energy level
occupied by the electron
• Symbol: n
• Values: (written as integers) 1,2,3,4,5,6,7
Angular Momentum Quantum Numbers
• Definition: indicates the shape of the orbital
• Symbol: l
• Values:
–0=s
–1=p
–2=d
–3=f
• For a specific energy level, the number of
orbital shapes available is equal to n -1
Magnetic Quantum Numbers
• Definition: represents the orientation of an
orbital around the nucleus
• Symbol: ml
• Values: for a p-orbital -1, 0 , 1
Spin Quantum Numbers
• Definition: represents the spin states of
electrons in an orbital
• Symbol: ms
• Values: +1/2, - ½
Can an e- be described by the following set of
quantum numbers?
n=2, l=1, ml= -1
All quantum numbers are allowed values
Can an e- be described by the following set of
quantum numbers?
n=1, l=1, ml= +1
Not possible.
The value of l must be less than the value
of n.
Can an e- be described by the following set of
quantum numbers?
n=7, l=3, ml= +3
All the quantum numbers are allowed
values.
Can an e- be described by the following set of
quantum numbers?
n=3, l=1, ml=-3
Not possible.
The value of ml must be in the range
-l to +l
Replace the ? Mark with an
appropriate quantum number.
n=3, l=1, ml=?
n=4, l=?, ml=-2
n=?, l=3, ml=?
Can an e- be described by the following set of
quantum numbers?
n=2, l=1, ml=-2
n=3, l=2, ml=+2
n=4, l=3, ml=+3
n=5, l=2, ml=+3
Writing Quantum Numbers
• You can identify the quantum numbers for any
electron in an element
• Start by writing out the the electron
configuration and orbital diagram for the
element
• Locate the electron in the orbital diagram that
you are solving the quantum number for
• Determine the 4 quantum numbers
Hydrogen’s electron
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Write electron configuration
Draw orbital diagram
n= 1
l= 0
ml= 0
ms= +1/2
Helium’s second electron
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Write electron configuration
Draw orbital diagram
n= 1
l= 0
ml= 0
ms= -1/2
Lithium’s third electron
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Write electron configuration
Draw orbital diagram
n= 2
l= 0
ml= 0
ms= +1/2
Flourine’s 6th electron
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Write electron configuration
Draw orbital diagram
n= 2
l= 1
ml= 0
ms= +1/2
Exit Ticket
• What are the quantum numbers for the last
electron in Neon?