Download Aspirations Diploma Plus High School

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Notes: The Immune Response
Components of the Immune Response
Cell/Part of Cell
Function in Immune Response
Pathogen/Microbe
Antigens
Cell/Part of Cell
Function in Immune Response
White Blood Cell
Antibody
Two Ways White Blood Cells Fight Pathogens
Can you label the components of the Immune Response depicted below?
Label: antibodies, pathogens, antigens, and white blood cells.
In your own words, describe what is happening in each section of the diagram above
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Partner Practice Regents Problems:
1. The immune system of humans may respond to chemicals on the surface of an invading organism by
(1) releasing hormones that break down these chemicals
(2) synthesizing antibodies that mark these organisms to be destroyed
(3) secreting antibiotics that attach to these organisms
(4) altering a DNA sequence in these organisms
2. The diagram below represents an event that occurs in the blood. Which statement describes this event?
(1) Cell A is a white blood cell releasing antigens to destroy bacteria.
(2) Cell A is a cancer cell produced by the immune system and it is
helping to prevent disease.
(3) Cell A is a white blood cell engulfing disease-causing organisms.
(4) Cell A is protecting bacteria so they can reproduce without being
destroyed by the predators.
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Classwork: The Immune Response
Part 1: Lesson Summary
Directions: On the lines below, describe what you learned today about how the immune system helps maintain
homeostasis
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Part 2: Regents Questions
Directions: Answer the questions below using your notes and knowledge of Biology
1. Some human white blood cells help destroy pathogenic bacteria by
(1) causing mutations in the bacteria
(3) producing toxins that compete with bacterial toxins
(2) engulfing and digesting the bacteria
(4) inserting part of their DNA into the bacterial cells
2. Certain microbes can cause immune responses in the body because they contain
(1) antigens
(2) enzymes
(3) fats
(4) cytoplasm
3. The diagram below represents what can happen when homeostasis in an organism is threatened.
Which statement provides a possible explanation for these events?
(1) Antibiotics break down harmful substances by the process of digestion.
(2) Antibodies mark and other cells engulf microbes during immune
reactions.
(3) Embryonic development of essential organs occurs during pregnancy.
(4) Cloning removes abnormal cells produced during differentiation.
4. Describe the role of white blood cells in maintaining homeostasis in organisms.
( Hint- this should include 2 different functions of the white blood cell! )
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5. Which statement best describes an immune response?
(1) It always produces antibiotics.
(2) It involves recognition and destruction of pathogens.
(3) It stimulates asexual reproduction in pathogens.
(4) It releases red blood cells that destroy parasites.
6. Both antibodies and antibiotics can help a human maintain homeostasis. However, students often confuse
these two terms. Provide an explanation of what how antibodies help maintain homeostasis and how antibiotics
can help maintain homeostasis.
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7. Which of the following best describes an antigen?
(1) it is a protein produced by white blood cells which binds to the surface of pathogens
(2) it is a protein located on pathogens
(3) it is a substance that binds to antibiotics
(4) it is a substance that kills bacteria
8. Identify the body system responsible for fighting off sickness _________________________________
9. Have you ever wondered why there is no cure for the common cold? Well the reason is that the
pathogen that causes the cold changes every single year! So even if doctors had a cure for one form of
the disease, the pathogen would change and we would need a new cure by the next cold season.
Similarly, even if your immune system creates antibodies for the cold pathogen one year, those
antibodies would not work on another version of the cold pathogen.
Explain why the antibodies your body makes for one pathogen do not work on other pathogens.
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