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Transcript
Grade 9 Reproduction Unit Review 1.What is an organelle? What does it do? 2.What is the cytoplasm? What does it do? 3.What is the cell membrane? What does it do? 4.What is the cell wall? What does it do? 5.What are the mitochondria? What do they do? 6.What kind of cell has chloroplasts? 7.What are ribosomes? 8.What do proteins do in the cell? 9.What is the Endoplasmic Reticulum? What does it do? 10. What is the Golgi Body? What does it do? 11. What are vesicles? 12. What is the nucleus? What does it do? 13. What is the nucleolus? What does it do? 14. Where in the cell is DNA? 15. What does DNA do? 16. What is the nuclear membrane? What does it do? 17. Where do I find nuclear pores? What are they there for? 18. What is chromatin? 19. What are adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine? 20. How do adenine, thymine, and guanine, and cytosine behave together? 21. What shape is DNA? 22. What are genes? 23. What are chromosomes? 24. What do enzymes do in the body? 25. What is RNA? What is its job? 26. What is a mutation? 27. What kind of mutation is shown below: Original Code: CGGCTATAGCTA Mutated Code: CGGCTATAGCTAG 28. What are the three possible mutations in genetic code? 29. True or False: All mutations are harmful. 30. True or False: A neutral mutation is one that helps the organism survive. 31. What is a negative mutation? 32. What do you call factors that can cause mutations? 33. Name two common mutagens. 34. Explain the basic of gene therapy. 35. What is the goal of mitosis? 36. What are the three stages of the cell cycle? 37. Name two things the cell does in interphase. 38. Name the four steps of mitosis. 39. What happens in cytokinesis? 40. What are sister chromatids? 41. What happens to a cell if it does not perform mitosis properly or stops being able to perform its duties during interphase? 42. What is cancer? 43. What are stem cells? 44. Explain why stem cells are valuable/how they can be used? 45. Where can we get stem cells? 46. What is asexual reproduction? 47. Name the five types of asexual reproduction. 48. What type of reproduction occurs when an asexual organism is ripped or cut apart and manages to regrow clones from the pieces of its body? 49. What type of reproduction occurs when a plant uses specialized cells to create a clone of itself? 50. What type of asexual reproduction involves a single-celled organism splitting itself apart into two clones? 51. What type of asexual reproduction involves an organism growing a small offshoot that breaks off as a clone of the parent organism? 52. What kind of asexual reproduction involves creating single cells that can divide to become a clone of the parent organism? 53. What kind of offspring do I get from asexual reproduction? 54. What is one advantage of asexual reproduction? 55. What is one disadvantage of asexual reproduction? 56. What is the difference between reproductive and therapeutic cloning? 57. Explain the steps in reproductive cloning. 58. Why might we want to clone embryos to make them grow? 59. What is the goal of meiosis? 60. What are gametes? 61. How many times to cells divide in meiosis? 62. What is one advantage of sexual reproduction? 63. What is one disadvantage of sexual reproduction? 64. True or False: Humans contain two complete sets of genes: one from their father, one from their mother. 65. Name two differences between meiosis and mitosis. 66. What are homologous chromosomes? 67. What kind of cells do I get at the end of meiosis? How many chromosomes will they have? 68. What are diploid cells? 69. What are haploid cells? 70. What is chromosomal crossover and why is it important to sexual reproduction? 71. What are the names of female and male gametes in humans? 72. What is a zygote? 73. What is an embryo? 74. What is a fetus? 75. What is external fertilization? 76. What is internal fertilization? 77. What is pollination? How does it work? 78. What is a gastrula? 79. What are embryos, blastulas, and morulas made of? 80. What is differentiation? 81. Explain how one type of assisted reproductive technology works.