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PRACTICE QUIZ CHAPTER 9 1. Name the connective tissue that surrounds each fascicle. ________________________________________ 2. Name the contractile unit of a myofibril. ____________________________________________________ 3. Name the scientific term for the cytoplasm of a muscle cell. _____________________________________ 4. Name the type of muscle tissue characterized as involuntary, single-ovoid nuclei, slow twitch, and spindleshaped fibers. __________________________________________________________________________ 5. Name the neurotransmitter that is associated with the induction of a muscle contraction. _______________ 6. Name the ion that must enter the axon in order for the neuron to releases its neurotransmitters. __________ 7. Name the cation that crosses the cell membrane of the muscle cell during the depolarization reaction just before a muscle contracts. _________________________________________________________________ 8. Name the area of a sarcomere where you would find only the actin filaments. ________________________ 9. Name the area of the sarcomere where you get overlapping actin and myosin filaments. ________________ 10. According to the sliding filament theory, the release of ___________________ causes the myosin heads to bend and pull on the actin fibers. 11. Type of muscle tone/contraction where the muscle contracts but does not shorten. ____________________ 12. Name the indirect attachment of muscle to bone or even muscle to muscle. __________________________ 13. Name the scientific term for the inability of myosin to detach from the actin fibers. ___________________ 14. Name the type of respiration that produces the most ATP. _________________ 15. Name the toxic substance that is produced by muscle cells when they attempt to do work without the presence of oxygen (anaerobic). ____________________________________________________________ 16. The movement of K+ ions across the muscle cell membrane causes ________________ of the sarcolemma. 17. Name the gap or space between the axon and the muscle cell that it innervates. ______________________ 18. Name a function (other than support) of muscle tissue. __________________________________________ 19. Name the individual components of a fascicle. ________________________________________________ 20. Name the term referring to a long, sustained muscle contraction. __________________________________ 21. Name the type of filament that forms thick fibers. ______________________________________________ 22. Name the enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine. _____________________________________________ 23. The characteristic of a muscle that allows it to return to its normal shape after stretching is ________________. 24. __________________________ are specialized structures of cardiac muscle that allow transmission of impulses to contract from one cell to another. 25. Sarcomeres of smooth muscle attach at _________________________. 26. Name the type of muscle tissue that does not contain t-tubles. ________________________________ 27. ____________________________ is a disorder characterized by a reduction in acetylcholine receptors. 28. _______________________ muscle has the fastest contraction time. 29. ___________________ muscle does not have gap junctions between muscle cells. 30. The terminal cisternae of the sarcoplasmic reticulum are used to store which ion? ______________________ 31. According to the sliding filament model, calcium ions bind to _______________________, causing the _______________ move, thus allowing the myosin head to attach to the actin filament. Answers: 1. Perimysium 2. Sarcomere 3. Sarcoplasm 4. Smooth 5. Acetylcholine 6. Ca+ 7. Na+ 8. I band 9. A band 10. ADP and Pi 11. Isometric 12. Tendon, Aponeurosis 13. Rigor mortis 14. Aerobic 15. Lactic acid 16. Repolarization 17. Synapse 18. Movement, heat production, posture, joint stabilization 19. Muscle fibers 20. Tetanus 21. Myosin 22. Acetylcholinesterase 23. Elasticity 24. Intercalated discs 25. Dense bodies 26. Smooth 27. Myasthenia gravis 28. Skeletal 29. Skeletal 30. Ca+ 31. Troponin, tropomyosin