Download Chapter 1 D Study Guide

Chapter 1 D Study Guide
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Name:_____________________
A substance made of only one type of atom is called ________
The most common element in the universe is ________
Mg⁺² is a magnesium ion that has_____
Most elements on the periodic table are ___________
The rows of the periodic table are called ________
Atomic size generally _____from the top of a group to the bottom
When a __________ _____ produces a particle and energy, it can change the # of protons in the
nucleus which changes the atom into an atom of a _____________ element (1.3D)
The least active elements are ________ _______ which are family # ________
Protons are located in the _________ and have a __charge.
Electrons are located _______the _______ and have a ___ charge.
Neutrons are located ______________ and have a _____ charge.
The 3 forms of elements on the periodic table are ________, ____________, ___________.
The 3 states of matter of elements are __________, _________, _______.
__________ are good conductors of ___________ and heat. They are ________ and are easily
___________, which means that they are ______________.
___________ are poor conductors of ___________ and heat. They are ___________solids. They are
mostly the ____________ that make up the air we breathe.
____________ _____________ are easily shaped but DO NOT react easily. When combined they make
_________ (ex Brass – combo of copper & zinc).
_______ have some properties of both metals & nonmetals.
Lanthanides & Actinides are __________ __________ _________ and are hard to ____ in _______
form.
Groups are also called _____.
Group 17 is called the ________ group. They get their name from a Greek word meaning “____
_______,” they are often used to kill _________.
The ______- __________, family # ___, NEVER _____; NEVER form _________.
Group 1 = _________ ______; they have ___ valence electron.
Group 2 = _______ ______ _______; they have ____ valence electrons
Group 3-12 = __________ _______; they have _____ valence electrons
Group 17 = _________; they have _____ valence electrons
Group 18 = _______ ______; they have _______ valence electrons
The only 2 liquids @ room temperature on the periodic table are _____ & _____.
If you have carbon-12 and carbon -14, which means they have a different number of _______, the atoms
are different _________.
The earth’s crust consists mostly of _______ atoms; humans consist mostly of _______ & ______ atoms.
If an atom gains an electron, it is a _____ ion, if an atom loses an electron it is a _____ ion.
“Givers & Takers” forming IONS
Family/Group Alkali
Name
Metals
Alkaline
Earth
Metals
Boron
Family
Carbon
Family
Nitrogen
Family
Oxygen
Family
Halogens
Family
Noble
Gases
Family/Group
Number
# of Valence
Electrons
# of empty
spaces for e⁻
Giver/Taker
of e⁻
Charge of ion
Which group
might it bond
with?
20 Facts to know from Chapter 1D
1. Charges: protons = positive, electrons = negative, neutrons = non
2. Protons and neutrons are found in the nucleus of an atom.
3. Electrons move around the nucleus in electron rings or shells or energy levels.
4. Atomic number is equal to the number of protons, and is unique to each element
5. The number of protons is equal to the number of electrons in a balanced atom, but not in an ION
6. The atomic mass (rounded off) is equal to the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus
7. To figure out the number of neutrons, subtract the atomic number from the atomic mass.
8. The first electron shell holds 2 electrons, while the ones after that hold up to 8 electrons
9. Families/groups are columns on the periodic table and are elements that share similar properties.
10. Periods are rows on the periodic table and have the same number of electron rings.
11. Changing the number of protons in an atom makes it a different ELEMENT!
12. Changing the number of neutrons in an atom makes it a different ISOTOPE!
13. Changing the number of electrons in an atom makes it an ION!
14. Metals are malleable, shiny and good conductors
15. Nonmetals are gases or dull solids and poor conductors
16. Metalloids can be used a semiconductors because they have properties of metals and nonmetals
17. Noble gases almost never react with other elements
18. The most reactive metals are Alkali Metals –group 1
19. Halogens are the most reactive nonmetals and are used in cleaning agents
20. Transition metals are in the middle of the periodic table.