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Questions for discussion Copenhagen 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Explain the BtN story to another student. Describe the event that will happen in Copenhagen in December. How many countries are involved in the conference? Give a brief summary of what you know about climate change. What is the Kyoto agreement? Why is 2012 an important date? Why are reducing greenhouse gases expensive? Why is it a problem for developing countries? How does the United Nations want developing countries supported? What do you think should happen next? Find out more about climate change by completing the quizzes at the following website http://www.ecokids.ca/pub/games_activities/climate_change/index.cfm TV Ban 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Briefly summarise the BtN story. What do you think is meant by TV being a one-way communication? What sorts of things do kids learn in the first two years of their lives? How do children under two learn? Explain why some people are concerned about young children watching TV. What do the researchers want to happen in child care centres? Do you agree? Why or why not? 7. What do some people say the benefits of watching TV are? 8. Create a plus, minus and interesting chart about young people watching TV. 9. Create your own `what do you reckon?’ Video record interviews with other students in your school about the issue. 10. What do you understand more clearly since watching the BtN story? `Should kids younger than two be banned from watching TV?’ Vote in the online poll. iPod inattention 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. © ABC 2009 Discuss the BtN story with another student. Why is it dangerous for pedestrians to use MP3 players or mobile phones? What do the NSW Police want to happen? What did a study in the United States find? How are police trying to raise awareness about the issue? What could the consequences be for a pedestrian who causes an accident? Do you think the consequence is fair? Why or why not? What do police recommend pedestrians do to stay safe? EPISODE 29 20TH OCTOBER 2009 9. Are you affected by this issue? Explain your answer. 10. Create your own advertisement about the hazards of using MP3 players and mobile phones for pedestrians. Send a message or tell us what you think on the BtN Guestbook. Wombats 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Summarise the main issues in the BtN story. Why are wombats being treated by Brigitte and Frank? What species of wombat are they treating? What impacts are some wombats having in farming areas? How are some farmers dealing with problem? Do you think there is another solution to the problem? What is the disease affecting wombats? Why do Brigitte and Frank need more space? How did the story make you feel? Illustrate an aspect of the story. Test your knowledge in the online wombat quiz. Cadet camp 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Explain the BtN story to another student. Apart from the army, what other defence forces have cadets? What sorts of skills do the Army cadets learn? Why do kids choose to become cadets? What sorts of military exercises do they practise? In your own words, describe what personal development is. What is Maddie’s role in the cadets? What do you think are the advantages of being an army cadet? Who can join the cadets? What was surprising about the BtN cadets story? Visit the Kids HQ at the Australian War Memorial website http://www.awm.gov.au/kidshq/ Copenhagen © ABC 2009 Focus Questions 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. Explain the BtN story to another student. Describe the event that will happen in Copenhagen in December. How many countries are involved in the conference? Give a brief summary of what you know about climate change. What is the Kyoto agreement? Why is 2012 an important date? Why are reducing greenhouse gases expensive? Why is it a problem for developing countries? How does the United Nations want developing countries supported? What do you think should happen next? Climate change Students will be investigating what climate change is - the cause, effects and what actions individuals can take to make a difference. After watching the BtN story, ask students to record what they know about climate change in the chart below. They can also record the words that they associate with climate change. Students then think about what they want to know about climate change and record in the chart below. These key questions/issues will form the basis of their research. What do I know about climate change? What do I want to know about climate change? How will I find out? EPISODE 29 20TH OCTOBER 2009 Learning Area Society and Environment Key learning Students will develop an understanding of what climate change is - the causes, effects and actions individuals can take to reduce their impact. What have I learnt? Some possible questions or issues to investigate include: What is climate change? What causes climate change? What are the effects of climate change? Who should take responsibility for climate change? Who is most affected by climate change? Do wealthy countries have an obligation to help poor countries deal with the effects of climate change? Discuss with students how they will find information about the key questions or issues they will be investigating. They can record these in the chart above. Students can use their research findings to think about how their own actions impact on climate change. Calculating their individual ecological footprint is the best way to measure their impact on climate change. The following website http://www.powerhousemuseum.com/education/ecologic/bigfoot/bigfoot2007/ will support students to do this online. Ask them to list five positive and five negative ways their actions impact on climate change. What future actions could they take to reduce their impact? Discuss and © ABC 2009 . record student responses. These actions could form the basis of a whole class action plan. Further investigations Find out more about climate change by completing the quizzes at the following website http://www.ecokids.ca/pub/games_activities/climate_change/index.cfm Investigate how young people are responding to the issue of climate change. The report `Two degrees of separation’, was written by young people involved in the United Nations Development Program. What kinds of actions are they recommending/encouraging people to take? http://www.teachsustainability.com.au/resources/two-degrees-of-seperation-betweenhope-and-despair/report-human%20solidarity%20in%20a%20divided%20world.pdf/ Related Research Links ABC News Climate Change special coverage http://www.abc.net.au/news/events/climate-change/ ABC News – Climate Change frequently asked questions http://www.abc.net.au/news/events/climate-change/faq.htm ABC Lateline – Tim Flannery discusses Copenhagen climate talks (transcript and video) http://www.abc.net.au/lateline/content/2008/s2692526.htm United Nations Climate Change Conference 2009 http://en.cop15.dk/ United Nations Climate Change website http://www.un.org/wcm/content/site/climatechange/cache/offonce/lang/en/pages/gat eway/youth;jsessionid=248EBF76D792B82304B1F57F784E725E Cool climate – Kids climate change website http://www.coolclimate.org/whatisit.htm TV ban Focus Questions 21. Briefly summarise the BtN story. 22. What do you think is meant by TV being a one-way communication? EPISODE 29 20TH OCTOBER 2009 Learning Area © ABC 2009 Society and Environment Key learning 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. What sorts of things do kids learn in the first two years of their lives? How do children under two learn? Explain why some people are concerned about young children watching TV. What do the researchers want to happen in child care centres? Do you agree? Why or why not? What do some people say the benefits of watching TV are? Create a plus, minus and interesting chart about young people watching TV. Create your own `what do you reckon?’ Video record interviews with other students in your school about the issue. What do you understand more clearly since watching the BtN story? TV ban Students will investigate the pros and cons of kids watching TV. Working in pairs, ask students to highlight key words and phrases or unfamiliar words in the BtN story. The transcript is available on the story page of the Behind the News website http://abc.net.au/news/btn/ Students can then develop a glossary of terms relating to the issue. What are the pros and cons of kids watching TV? Students will create a list of pros and cons about kids watching TV. They will need to decide whether they will focus on younger children or their own age group. The following questions may help them to think about the pros and cons: What sorts of things do you learn from TV? How much TV do you think it is healthy to watch? How does TV affect kids’ health? How do you think TV impacts kids’ learning? What sorts of programs do you think are beneficial? Why? Why do you think there is so much debate about kids TV viewing? Students can publish their pros and cons in an interesting way and present them to the class. Collate all student responses and discuss them. What was surprising about students’ thoughts on the issue? Further investigations Discuss the different viewpoints in the debate about children under two not watching TV. Write a brief argument from the viewpoint of either a parent or child care worker. What are the factors that influence early brain development? Create a poster to display your findings. © ABC 2009 Related Research Links ABC News – Guidelines tipped to push toddler TV ban http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2009/10/12/2711195.htm ABC News - TV in child care `damaging toddlers’ http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2009/10/12/2711686.htm BrainsRule – Games about neurons http://www.brainsrule.com/kids/games/# Early Childhood Australia – Get up and grow http://www.earlychildhoodaustralia.org.au/every_child_magazine/every_child_inde x/get_up_and_grow.html BtN: Episode 29 Transcripts On this week's Behind the News: Should young kids be banned from TV? Could listening to tunes get you in trouble with the law? And we check in with some very weary wombats. © ABC 2009 20/10/09 Hi I'm Nathan Bazley welcome to Behind the News. Also on the show today – Sarah sees if she is cut out for cadet camp. Those stories all in a sec. but first, it’s been a big week in news, so let’s check out the headlines. Here’s Kirsty. The Wire There was a big time panic in the United States last week when everyone thought a six year old boy had climbed in to this giant balloon and was trapped alone in there when it took off. All America watched as it floated along, but when the balloon eventually came down the boy was nowhere to be found. He eventually turned up after and said he was hiding at home. But now police want to charge his parents with wasting their time because they think it was just a publicity stunt! ******** A kid who is definitely in the good books is Abby Wootsler in New Zealand. She saved dozens of lives during last month’s tsunami in Samoa, so she was given a certificate of appreciation in front of her school. The 10 year old was on a beach holiday with her family when she saw the water all disappear out to sea. © ABC 2009 She knew that was a danger sign so she ran along the beach warning people. ABBY: I think it's ok I guess. Yeah. I guess everyone who survived is a hero at the end of the day. She'd studied tsunamis in class. ******** And the police have told off some parents in Victoria for smacking their kid with a wooden spoon. It all started when the girl told her school that she had been smacked with the spoon at home. The case has sparked a lot of debate about whether parents should be allowed to discipline their kids. Presenter: What do you think about punishment at home? Let us know what you think on the guestbook. Copenhagen Reporter: Sarah Larsen INTRO: Alright now for our features. © ABC 2009 If you've been watching the news lately you would have seen heaps of stories with our pollies getting worked up about something called Copenhagen. But no, they're not fighting over ice-cream - Copenhagen is a place in Europe. But it's what's happening there in a few months that's got everyone talking. Sarah's been finding out why. SARAH LARSEN, REPORTER: Welcome to Copenhagen; city of canals, cobbled streets, copper spires and cyclists! It’s the capital of Denmark which is in Europe. It was the home of the Little Mermaid's author Hans Christian Anderson. It's where Australia's very own princess lives. It's also the birthplace of Lars Ulrich from Metallica and it’s a brand of ice-cream. REPORTER: All very good reasons to know about Copenhagen but none of them explain why it’s been on everyone's lips ABC PRESENTER: Copenhagen MALCOLM TURNBULL: Copenhagen ABC PRESENTER: In Copenhagen REPORTER: Something very big is brewing in the Danish city. KOFI ANNAN, FORMER UN SECRETARY: Tick, tick, tick. In December in Copenhagen our leaders will have an opportunity to come up with a robust post-climate change agreement. They're singing about the 15th International Climate Change Conference which will be held in Copenhagen in December. Leaders from 192 countries will come to the city and some say the fate of the world could rest on what happens there. © ABC 2009 Kid: So what's so important about it? Climate change. While there's still some debate about whether or not humans are causing it, many now agree the possible consequences are too scary to ignore. And since it’s a problem facing the entire world, the world is looking for solutions. Since 1992 world leaders have been meeting to talk about it. In a place called Kyoto in Japan they came up with an agreement to cut carbon emissions by 2012 but now the UN wants a new plan get carbon emissions down even more. But getting 190 countries to agree will be difficult. Kids: So if it is so important why would they be arguing about it? The plan to reduce greenhouses gases will make it more expensive to burn fossil fuels. Burning fossil fuels has helped many countries become big, bustling modern economies. Less developed countries haven't produced as much in the past but they're starting to catch up. They say it’s not fair to make them pay for a problem they haven't caused when they're trying to improve the lives of their people. But some developing countries are becoming massive polluters so it’s really important they're involved. The UN wants the richer countries to help out the poorer ones with money and by cutting their own emissions even more. Back home, cutting back emissions could affect a lot of people so there's been a lot of arguing about what Australia should be doing. So you can see why Copenhagen is bracing itself. It’s possible nothing will be decided and it’s possible we'll see a decision that could change the way we live. Presenter: One important meeting – and we’ll let you know how it goes. Quiz 1 © ABC 2009 As well as being part of Europe, Denmark is part of Scandinavia so we might make that a quiz. Which country is not in Scandinavia? 1. Sweden 2. Finland 3. Norway Answer: Finland Presenter: Most people agree Norway, Sweden and Denmark make up Scandinavia, but there's argument about Finland and Iceland. TV Ban Reporter: Kirsty Bennett INTRO: When you turn on the TV there are loads of programs to choose from; cartoons, documentaries, sport and news. But are all those programs out there good for you? Some people say it's bad for young kids and they want childcare centres to ban TV for kids under two. Why? Here's Kirsty. KIRSTY BENNETT, REPORTER: As we watch television, all of the information, jokes and gossip flow into our minds. It's a one-way communication, which means you don't talk back like you would if you were with friends or family. And while this might be OK for you in small doses, for really young kids it might not be good for their future. In the first two years of life, kids learn a lot of very important things. The way your mum sang songs or your Dad hugged you has had a © ABC 2009 huge impact on the growth of your brain. You see there are about 100 billion nerve cells in your brain which connect to each other as you experience the world, and the way they connect shapes the way we feel or act as we get older. REPORTER: Kids around this age learn by touching things, tasting things and hanging out with their parents. But researchers are concerned if kids like Ollie here, are plonked in front of the television they won't be learning and getting the experiences like this. And they reckon that affects a lot of important skills kids need when they grow up. They say they don't improve language skills because they're not talking with friends. They're also worried that watching TV can stop kids from paying attention for long periods of time, which is pretty important when you're at school. Watching TV is also a bit of a health concern, and researchers want the ban so kids have more time to run around outside and stop the rise of obesity. So they've made some suggestions to the Federal Government. They want childcare centres to ban children under two years old from watching television and they want kids between 2 and 5 to be limited to just one hour of TV a day. They want parents to cut back at home as well. But some other experts disagree. They say TV can grow the imaginations of young kids and be entertaining. They say it all comes down to balance, that is, watching TV and then doing something active like playing soccer with your mates outside. As for the final decision, the Federal Government isn't keen on a ban. It thinks parents should make the decision on how much TV kids watch. So what do you reckon? GIRL: Cos ABC Kids, I used to watch it and like cos when I was really new here I didn't really know how to speak their language so I like sort of learnt how to speak English and like learnt new stuff from watching TV. © ABC 2009 BOY: It's alright in moderation I guess but if they're like stuck in front of the TV all day then that's a bit - should probably change it. GIRL 2: I think the TV is kind of boring sometimes they don't have many like interesting TV shows or new things to yeah watch. BOY 2: It's probably a good idea. Some kids are on it too much. GIRL 3: I think it's sort of also the child's choice, whether like if they're bored then they can watch a bit of TV or something. Presenter: A few different opinions there, but not too many in favour of a complete ban. Poll Let’s see what you think in this week’s poll. The question is ‘Should kids younger than 2 be banned from watching TV?’ If you want to vote go to our website at abc. net.au/btn iPod Inattention Reporter: Nathan Bazley INTRO: Another debate around at the moment also has to do with entertainment and technology. © ABC 2009 In NSW, police have decided using MP3 or mobiles while crossing the road can be a big hazard and if you get hit by a car - you could be held responsible. Let's check out how inattention can lead to serious injury. NATHAN BAZLEY, REPORTER: It's easy to get wrapped up in your favourite track. Sometimes it might mean doing something a little embarrassing. But what about something a lot more serious? With so many people using ipods and other electronic devices while strutting around, police have become worried about how much attention we're giving our music and how little we're giving to the cars ahead of us. NATHAN: A study in the US looked into it and found some scary stats. Kids are much more likely to get hit by a car or come very close when using a mobile. Wearing headphones has caused pedestrian deaths overseas as well. Last year, NSW police launched an ad campaign aimed at kids which show what could really happen if they aren't careful around roads. But this year, they have noticed a big surge in pedestrian deaths - so police are cracking down. Anyone who causes an accident while listening to an ipod or using a mobile can now be fined. © ABC 2009 That's exactly what happened in NSW a few months ago. A man was hit by a car but he was fined instead of the driver because he wasn't paying attention. So what do police suggest to make sure you're safe? Well the first step is to take out your headphones as soon as you get to any road. They also recommend hanging up your phone and not answering text messages anywhere near a crossing. That way you should be right to hear that favourite track over and over again! Wombats Reporter: Nathan Bazley INTRO: If there is one animal that takes life pretty easily, it's got to be the wombat. They move pretty slowly, eat pretty slowly and generally spend a lot of their days just chilling out. But a few factors are making their cruisy lives all the more difficult. In some areas drought and disease are reducing numbers and some farmers are also allowed to cull them. Needless to say, it isn't easy for them to relax with all that on their hairy shoulders! But there is one place where they can breathe a sigh of relief. © ABC 2009 NATHAN BAZLEY, REPORTER: The sun is shining, the birds are singing and these wombats are still fast asleep! But there's no need to whisper; these guys aren't waking up for anyone! It might look like these southern hairy-nosed wombats are just sleeping but in actual fact they are recovering from all sorts of different injuries and illnesses. And they get the chance to do that here, in the intensive care unit of the Wombat Awareness Centre. Here they have two carers, Brigitte and Frank, and they'll go to almost any lengths to make sure they feel at home. REPORTER: What is it like, having wombats in the bed with you? BRIGITTE STEVENS, WOMBAT AWARENESS ORGANISATION: Embarrassing. No, it's - Frank won't do it. Frank sleeps on the top bunk now. But I'm so used to it, I just love it. I hate going to bed without them now. But I would just like them not to keep me up all night. Now that's dedication - but I suppose you need that to treat the 400 or so wombats that have come through this hospital in the past year. Right now we're in South Australia, which is the habitat of the Southern Hairy-Nosed wombat. But there are other types around Australia. There are common wombats on the south-eastern coast and a tiny pocket of Northern Hairy-Nosed wombats is found just in one national park in Queensland. They are critically endangered, while the other types are found in healthy numbers in most areas. © ABC 2009 When wombats do finally get moving, they love to dig and they make huge burrows like this. But their digging escapades annoy farmers quite a bit because it ruins their land, so in some areas they are allowed to shoot them. This little one came in with a gun-shot wound. BRIGITTE STEVENS: He came in last week and basically he was just wandering around looking for somewhere to go. He's in really poor condition and he also had a huge abscess on his back as well, so that needed antibiotic treatment. But farmers aren't these guys only concern. A disease called mange is also taking its toll. It's caused by a bug that lives under their skin and can eventually kill wombats that aren't treated. So that's what these guys do - give them their medicine and release them back into the wild. That's the result for a vast majority of the wombats that come through this centre - a quick recovery, but some require much longer care. And that's the problem this centre has now hit. They just don't have room for so many wombats! Their solution is a grand one. They want to buy a big property and turn it into a special wombat refuge. But in the meantime, these two are just going to have to get used to their houseful of wombats. After all, they don't seem to make the worst housemates. © ABC 2009 As long as you don't mind snoring, anyway. Presenter: They are noisier than my dad! Quiz 2 While they are still snoring away, we might do a quiz about them. Does a wombat have a pouch? Answer: Yes Presenter: The pouches actually face backwards - probably so their babies don't get hit with dirt when they're digging. Meanwhile Kirsty has been digging around for some sports news. The Score Jessica Watson's dream of becoming the youngest person to sail around the world on her own has begun. She left Sydney yesterday, weeks after having to return home early when her yacht collided with a ship off the Queensland coast. Lots of people say she shouldn't be making the attempt because it's too dangerous and she's only 16. © ABC 2009 Not all you guys agree though, you've flooded our website with comments. ******* In bike racing, Casey Stoner has won the Aussie GP - his third in a row. He hasn't raced much this year because he's been sick, but he started on pole and held off World Champion Valentino Rossi right to the end. ****** There was also good news for the Aussies on four wheels. Mark Webber won his second grand prix in Brazil. But Englishman Jensen Button did enough in the race to make sure he was crowned World Champion. ****** And it wasn't all soccer skills but a loose beach ball which helped Sunderland beat Liverpool one-nil in the English Premier League. It was thrown onto the pitch by a Liverpool supporter - the real ball hit it and went into the goal. The referee allowed the score because he said the goalkeeper should have got rid of the beach ball. © ABC 2009 Presenter: Ha – what are the chances? Quiz 3 Let's do a quiz. Which rank is higher in the army? 1. Colonel 2. General 3. Major Answer: General Presenter: General is the highest active rank - only a Field Marshall is higher, but they are usually only appointed during times of war. Cadet Camp Reporter: Sarah Larsen Cadets aren't quite as senior but they're still an important part of the defence forces. Kids between the ages of 12 and 20 can join up to get a taste of life in the navy, the air force or the army. They're also designed to help kids gain skills and self-confidence and have a lot of fun. © ABC 2009 During the school holidays a group got together for a special camp, so Sarah thought she'd see if she could join in. SARAH LARSEN, REPORTER: Cadets are an important part of the defence forces. Kids between the ages of 12 and 20 can join up to get a taste of life in the navy, the airforce or the army. They're also designed to help kids gain skills and self-confidence and have a lot of fun. During the school holidays a group got together for a special camp. so Sarah thought she'd see if she could join in. SARAH LARSEN, REPORTER: They could be watching TV. They could be still in bed! But these are cadets and that's not how cadets roll! RHIANNON: We're out in the open, in the bush, with all our friends, having life experiences. Its memories we'll never forget. MITCHELL: We learn everything from navigation skills to first aid skills. You get lots of personal skills. For some kids, Cadets is a fun activity - kind of like after-school sports. For others, its a pathway to a military career. MITCHELL: I've always been interested in the army so basically I had the idea to follow it up and join the cadets. REPORTER: So is it just kids who want to join the army that join cadets? MITCHELL: Absolutely not! I'd say, about, only half actually want to be in the army. Most come for friends. KID: BtN have reached the vehicle check point. © ABC 2009 REPORTER: We're on army ground now and I'm coming up to a check point. I hope I get through! KID: This is a check point we're checking for some smuggled goods can I please check your ID? REPORTER: Is this it? KID: Is it a green card? Thankyou ma'am. We made it! Others weren't so lucky. NICHOLAS: If you can just step out of the car NICHOLAS: Pretty much we're going to question them on their reason for being here, why they're travelling down this road, as well as searching the vehicle for any suspicious items. REPORTER: Now this all looks very serious and authentic. Is this the sort of thing they do in the adult army? LINDSAY: Yeah we try to keep it as close to it as we can. This sort of thing help kids develop self-confidence and management skills and that's what cadets is all about. Kids can also rise through the ranks and end up with some serious responsibilities. At 16, Maddie's become the most senior cadet in her state. MADELINE: My position is I'm the regional cadet underofficer for South Australia so I'm the senior cadet representative for the state and I represent the opinions of all the cadets around South Australia. © ABC 2009 REPORTER: So all these guys answer to you? MADELINE: Yes they do Some even get the chance to go overseas on exchanges. There's also an annual competition between teams of cadets from throughout Australia. It all looked like way too much fun, so I thought it was time for a bit of friendly competition of our own This is way harder than it looks! MADELINE: Good job! It was a huge victory for the ABC! MADELINE: Good job! But then came the ropes REPORTER: Na, not going to happen. Not even close. Closer Disgraceful effort there Sarah - drop and give us twenty! And that brings us to the end of another show! We'll catch you back here for all the latest next week. See you then! © ABC 2009 © ABC 2009