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POGIL Biology III – Macromolecules of the Cell - Lipids The cell is constructed of four basic kinds of large polymer (macromolecule) – protein, lipid, carbohydrate, and nucleic acid. This exercise explores our current model of the lipid. Model 1 – The TRIGLYCERIDE Model 2 – Phospholipids and membranes Using the diagrams above, your textbook, and your note set, answer the following questions. 1. In model 1, what does the C stand for? The O? The H? What does the straight line between atoms represent? 2. In model 1, describe the interaction between carbon and carbon, carbon and hydrogen and carbon and oxygen atoms in a triglyceride. 3. In model 1, which part (atoms) of the triglyceride molecule would you assign a ? A 4. In model 1, the triglyceride is formed by a chemical reaction between which two chemicals? 5. Would you expect a chemical that reacts with O-H groups to react with a triglyceride? Glycerol? 6. Using model 2 as a resource, with a diagram show which is the hydrophobic part of a triglyceride. The hydrophilic? 7. Model 2 shows a phospholipid called phosphatidyl choline. Why is that lipid referred to as a phospholipid? 8. List the different parts of a phospholipid. 9. Which part of the phospholipid interacts with water? 10. Describe the similarities and differences between phospholipids and triacylglycerides. 11. In the phospholipid bilayer of Model 2, what do the light gray wiggly protrusions, or tails, represent? The spheres? 12. Why are the gray tails interacting with each other rather than with the polar head groups (spheres)? 13. Cholesterol is a lipid that exists in the membranes of animal cells. Where in the lipid bilayer do you think it resides? 14. Find the structure of cholesterol in your textbook. How would you expect addition of several oxygen atoms and phosphate molecules to cholesterol affect its ability to embed in the lipid bilayer?