Download Evolution Part 1 Study Guide

Evolution Part 1 Study Guide
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Darwin
1. Who is the naturalist credited for the evolution theory?
2. What is the definition for evolution?
3. What are the two animals that Darwin studied on the Galapagos Islands and what characteristics did
he study?
  4. What is the idea that each living species has descended from older species called?
5. Darwin's theory of evolution was based on __________________ __________________ which
states that useful variations for their environment survive & reproduce successfully resulting in
evolution of a species.
6. Phenotypes, physical traits, that are favorable and passed onto offspring is associated with what
memorable phrase?
7. How can lethal alleles be passed on through generations?
8. What does natural selection act upon?
9. What determines which variation is considered useful and passed on?
10. What are characteristics called that make individuals different within the same species?
11. Does a larger or smaller variations in a species increase the chance of a species survival?
Why?
12. Are mutations good, bad, and/or neither?
13. What is a variation called that helps an organism survive in its environment?
14. How are adaptations chosen and who/what chooses them?
15. What can happen to a species without the right adaptations?
16. What is it called when an organism blends into the surrounding? Give an example.
17. What is it called a species resembles a harmful species in physical appearance or behavior? Give
an example.
Causes of Evolution
18. What are the four main causes of evolution?
    19. What is the most common cause of offspring variation from sexual reproduction and gamete
formation?
20. What is a random change in DNA that can cause evolution? List the 2 main types and define them.
  21. What is migration also known as?
22. Genetic drift is a ______________change in allele frequency.
23. Genetic drift affects _____________ and __________________type of populations most.
24. What is a change in allele frequency due to the migration of small subgroups starting new
populations?
25. Does the founder effect cause identical populations to the ones they migrated from?
26. Nonrandom mating means that mates are chosen by how ______________they are, which leads
to a ______________chance of survival for their offspring.
27. What cause acts on the phenotype?
28. What is it called when there is no change in a population over many generations? Does it occur
often?
29. What is the principle that allele frequency will remain the same unless 1 or more factors change.
30. To achieve genetic equilibrium:
NoNoNoYesYes31. What is all of the alleles in a population called?
32. What does stabilizing selection favor? Draw a diagram.
33. What does stabilizing selection reduce?
34. What does directional selection favor? Draw a diagram.
35. Directional selection can lead to what?
36. What does disruptive selection favor? Draw a diagram.
37. Disruptive selection can lead to what?
Evidence
38. What are the 5 main types of proof used for evolution?
     39. What shows the accumulation of information that shows the pattern of change amongst past living
things?
40. What are remains of earlier life called?
41. What type of rock are most fossils in?
42. What are the 5 main types of fossils?
     43. What are the 3 main things that fossil records can prove? Briefly describe each
   44. What are the 2 main types of fossil dating? Briefly describe each.
  45. How do you figure the half life?
46. What type of evidence shows similar patterns of an organisms' parts (though may have different
functions) indicating that they have recent common ancestors. Give an example
47. What type of evidence is that an organism has a part that has no current function, but was
functional to their ancestors? Give an example.
48. What type of evidence shows similarities of the earliest stages of life? Give an example.
49. What type of evidence shows a close relationship in the cells codes? Give an example.
50. What type of evolution starts as 2 unrelated species that become similar usually because of
environment? Give an example
51. What type of evolution starts as 2 species that evolve in response to each other? Give an
example.
52. What type of evolution starts with 1 species that becomes different and creates 2 species, usually
due to differing habitats? Give an example
53 What type of evolution starts with 1 species and evolve into many species? Give an example