Download TEST DNA stuff 2012 Multiple Choice

Name ___________________________________________________ Class Period _____ 9/27/2012
TEST DNA Structure, Replication, Transcription, and Translation
1.
2.
What is the composition of the backbone of DNA?
A.
Alternating sugar and phosphate molecules
B.
Complementary base pairs
C.
Alternating sugar and base molecules
D.
A polysaccharide
To which parts of the deoxyribose molecule do phosphates bind in DNA?
V
CH 2 OH
I
O
H
IV
H
H
H
OH
II
OH
H
III
3.
4.
A.
I and V
B.
III and IV
C.
II and III
D.
III and V
Which substance is a base that is found in DNA?
A.
Adenosine
B.
Cytokinin
C.
Guanine
D.
Uracil
What is a difference between the sense and antisense strands of DNA?
A.
Nucleotides are linked to the sense strand by hydrogen bonding during transcription, but
not to the antisense strand.
B.
The sense strand has the same base sequence as tRNA, but the antisense strand does not.
C.
Nucleotides are linked to the antisense strand by hydrogen bonding during transcription,
but not to the sense strand.
D.
The antisense strand has the same base sequence as mRNA but the sense strand does not.
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5.
6.
7.
In the structure of DNA what binds with cytosine?
A.
Deoxyribose
B.
Ribose
C.
Thymine
D.
Adenine
What are the components of a DNA nucleotide?
A.
Deoxyribose, a phosphate and one of the bases: adenine, cytosine, guanine or thymine
B.
Ribose, a phosphate and one of the bases: adenine, cytosine, guanine or uracil
C.
Deoxyribose, a nitrate and one of the bases: adenine, cytosine, guanine or thymine
D.
Ribose, a nitrate and one of the bases: adenine, cytosine, guanine or thymine
The drawing below shows a short section of a DNA molecule. What is labelled by I, II and III?
I
II
III
8.
I
II
III
A.
3′ end
purine
hydrogen bond
B.
5′ end
pyrimidine
covalent bond
C.
3′ end
pyrimidine
hydrogen bond
D.
5′ end
purine
covalent bond
The diagram below represents a DNA nucleotide. What could the part labelled X represent?
A.
Ribose
B.
Uracil
C.
Guanine
D.
Phosphate
2
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
What type of bond holds the complementary base pairs together in a double helix of DNA?
A.
Covalent bonds
B.
Peptide bonds
C.
Glycosidic bonds
D.
Hydrogen bonds
What is an intron?
A.
The 3  5 strand of a DNA double helix
B.
The 5  3 strand of a DNA double helix
C.
A section of mRNA removed before translation
D.
A tRNA with a start anticodon
What is a nucleosome?
A.
The protein core of a chromosome
B.
Histone proteins and DNA
C.
A chain of ribosomes
D.
The material within the nuclear membrane
What are pyrimidines in DNA?
A.
Types of nucleotides
B.
Types of base pairs
C.
Types of sugars
D.
Types of bases
What is the function of helicase?
A.
It forms bonds between DNA nucleotides.
B.
It adds new nucleotides to the DNA helix.
C.
It forms the DNA helix.
D.
It separates DNA strands.
Which enzyme removes the RNA primer during replication?
A.
RNA primase
B.
DNA polymerase I
C.
DNA ligase
D.
Helicase
3
15.
The diagram below shows a short section of DNA molecule before and after replication. If the
nucleotides used to replicate the DNA were radioactive, which strands in the replicated
molecules would be radioactive?
I
GC T AC
C G AT G
II
GC T AC
C G AT G
III
GC T AC
C G AT G
IV
16.
17.
A.
II and III only
B.
I and III only
C.
I and II only
D.
I, II, III and IV
What is responsible for the conservation of the base sequence during DNA replication?
A.
DNA polymerase working on one strand at the same time.
B.
Unpaired bases always attracting their complementary nucleotides.
C.
DNA helicase and polymerase are complementary.
D.
Both strands are identical to each other.
What is the function of DNA polymerase I?
A.
To add appropriate nucleotides in the 3′  5′ direction
B.
To remove the RNA primers and replace them with DNA
C.
To join together the Okazaki fragments
D.
To join together both strands of DNA to the histones
4
The diagram below shows the bases on a short section of DNA during replication. Identify the
sequence of bases on the new complementary strand labelled I in the diagram.
T
C
18.
A
G
A
I
19.
A.
CTAG
B.
CUAG
C.
TCGA
D.
AGCT
The diagram below represents DNA replication. Some of the bases are indicated.
In which direction is the replication fork moving and which bases would be needed to replicate
the section of DNA shown?
Direction of movement of replication fork
Bases needed
A.
Left to right
U, G and C
B.
Right to left
U, G and C
C.
Left to right
T, G and C
D.
Right to left
T, G and C
5
20.
Which events take place in DNA replication?
I.
II.
III.
21.
22.
23.
24.
Formation of messenger RNA
Unwinding of DNA double helix
Formation of complementary strands by DNA polymerase
A.
I and II only
B.
I and III only
C.
II and III only
D.
I, II and III
Which are the correct directions of the following processes?
Replication
Transcription
Translation
A.
5’ to 3’
3’ to 5’
3’ to 5’
B.
3’ to 5’
5’ to 3’
5’ to 3’
C.
5’ to 3’
5’ to 3’
5’ to 3’
D.
3’ to 5’
3’ to 5’
3’ to 5’
What is removed to form mature eukaryotic mRNA?
A.
RNA primers
B.
Exons
C.
RNA polymerases
D.
Introns
A certain gene codes for a polypeptide that is 120 amino acids long. Approximately how many
nucleotides long is the mRNA that codes for this polypeptide likely to be?
A.
30
B.
40
C.
360
D.
480
Where do transcription and translation occur in eukaryotic cells?
Transcription
Translation
A.
Cytoplasm
Cytoplasm
B.
Cytoplasm
Mitochondria
C.
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
D.
Nucleus
Nucleus
6
25.
26.
27.
28.
Where is an anti-codon located?
A.
tRNA
B.
mRNA
C.
DNA
D.
Ribosomes
Which substance is a base found in RNA?
A.
Ribose
B.
Thymine
C.
Adenosine
D.
Uracil
During the process of translation which of the following statements describes the relationship
between nucleic acids?
A.
Anticodons on mRNA bind to complementary codons on DNA.
B.
Anticodons on tRNA bind to complementary codons on mRNA.
C.
Bases on DNA bind to complementary bases on mRNA.
D.
A single strand of mRNA is produced from the DNA in the nucleus.
How would the following DNA sequence, ACGTTGCATGGCA, be transcribed?
A.
UGCAACGUACCGU
B.
TGCAACGTACCGT
C.
ACGTTGCATGGCA
D.
ACGUUGCAUGGCA
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29.
30.
31.
32.
Which stage of translation is illustrated by the diagram below?
A.
Termination
B.
Initiation
C.
Translocation
D.
Elongation
Why are the messenger RNA molecules received by eukaryotic ribosomes shorter than the
messenger RNA molecules formed by transcription of DNA?
A.
Base deletion mutations make the mRNA shorter.
B.
Start codons are not at the end of the mRNA molecule.
C.
Introns are removed before the RNA is translated.
D.
Bases are removed from the ends of the mRNA each time it is translated.
What enzyme is used in transcription but not in translation?
A.
DNA polymerase
B.
Helicase
C.
Protease
D.
RNA polymerase
If mRNA has a codon CAU, what is the corresponding anticodon on the tRNA molecule?
A.
CAT
B.
GUA
C.
CAU
D.
GTA
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