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Unit 1: Introduction to Life & Biochemistry
Study Guide
1. What is the biosphere?
2. What is biodiversity? Where is it the greatest? The least?
3. What characteristics do living things share?
4. What is metabolism?
5. What is homeostasis? Give an example.
6. What is evolution?
7. Define the following terms: observation, hypothesis, experiment
8. Describe the following: dependent variable, independent variable, control (constant)
variable, control group (control)
9. What is a theory?
10. What are elements and what are the smallest units it can be made of?
11. What are the 3 subatomic particles found in an atom and describe each in regard to
charge and location in the atom.
12. What is an energy level? How many electrons can be held in each of the first 3
levels?
13. When is an atom stable?
14. What do atoms form when trying to become stable?
15. When is a covalent bond formed?
16. What is an ion? When is an ionic bond formed?
17. What is a molecular formula?
18. Define the following terms: solution, solvent, solute, concentration
19. Describe what the pH scale tells us about H+ concentration & how to use it.
20. What is an acid? What is a base?
21. What is an organic compound?
22. What are the four main organic molecules found in organism?
23. List the monomer of each: protein, carbohydrates, nucleic acids
24. Which type of organic molecule are fats and oils? What are they made of?
25. What are the 3 types of carbohydrates? Which is the body’s most important
energy source?
26. What are two examples of carbohydrates found in plants?
27. What is the chemical formula for glucose?
28. What happens during hydrolysis? During dehydration synthesis?
29. Draw each of the following parts of a protein: Amino group, Carboxyl group, R-group:
30. What is a polypeptide?
31. What does a catalyst do to the rate of a reaction? What is an enzyme?
32. How is an enzyme-substrate complex like a lock and key?
33. How does temperature and pH affect enzyme function?
*Be able to identify a diagram depicting an ionic bond and a covalent bond.
*Be able to identify a diagram of the structure of glucose, hydrolysis, dehydration
synthesis, amino acid, lipid, enzyme-substrate complex
*Be able to interpret a graph showing enzyme activity, rate of reaction, and effects of
temperature or pH.