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BSC 2010 Study questions-1st exam
(These questions are intended help you to focus your studying and do not include every
topic covered . You are ultimately responsible for all information that was given in class)
1. For a given atom, what are the relationships between proton number, neutron number,
electron number and the atomic number - atomic mass number ?
2. How do ions form? What is the relationship between electron number / proton number
and the type of ion that is formed?
3. What are the characteristics of ionic, non-polar covalent, polar covalent and hydrogen
bonds? Can you give examples of each?
4. What are the properties of water that are important for life? How does the polarity of
the water molecule contribute to all of these properties?
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5. What is the relationship between H concentration and pH? What's the difference
between an acid and a base? Can you recognize an example of each? What is a buffer?
How does the carbonic acid / bicarbonate buffer respond to added acid or base?
6. Can you recognize straight chains, branched chains and rings of carbon atoms?
7. What are the structures and names of the various functional groups you learned?
Which ones make up part of the structure of carbohydrates , lipids and proteins ?
8. What is the general structure of monosaccharides and how can the structure of one
specific monosaccharide differ from that of other monosaccharides? What are examples
of these differences? How does the ring structure form and what's the difference between
α and β ring structure?
9. How do dehydration reactions form disaccharides and polysaccharides?
What distinguishes the structures and functions of the various disaccharides and
polysaccharides that were discussed? Why are starch and glycogen but not cellulose
digestible?
10. Do you recognize the structure of saturated and unsaturated fatty acid and
triglycerides ? How do dehydration reactions form triglycerides? What makes a
triglyceride a solid versus a liquid?
11. Do you recognize the structure of steroids? What are some functions of steroids?
12. What is the structure of phospholipids and how do they form a membrane bilayer?
13. Can you identify the general structure of an amino acid? What are the four types of R
groups? Can you identify the examples of R group types given in class?
14. How do dehydration reactions form peptide bonds? Can you identify the correct
structure of the peptide bond?
15. What are the identifying characteristics of primary , secondary, tertiary and
quaternary protein structure? What types of bonds maintain secondary and tertiary
structure?
16. What were generalizations about protein structure given in class ?
17. What distinguishes eukaryotes from prokaryotes? What are the cell structures that
were reviewed and their general functions?
Sample exam questions
1. The mass number of an atom is equal to
a. the number of positively charged particles
b. the number of neutrons
c. the number of protons
d. the number of protons plus neutrons
2. Carbon and hydrogen are attached to each other through which type of bond?
a. hydrogen
b. ionic
c. non polar covalent
d. polar covalent
3. (name a structure) The functional group shown below is called a(n)
a. aldehyde
b. ketone
-O-H
c. carboxylic acid
d. hydroxyl
4, (Identify a structure) The structure of hydroxyl is
a.
-N-H
c. -CH3
b.
–O-H
d. –C=O
5 (visualize a structure) When a fatty acid forms a covalent bond with glycerol, the new
bond is between
a. carbon and carbon
c. oxygen and carbon
b. oxygen and hydrogen
Answers: 1-d; 2-c; 3-d; 4-b; 5-c
d. carbon and hydrogen