Download QUAKE NOTES

QUAKE NOTES
earthquake
- the shaking of earth’s crust caused by a
release of tectonic energy
fracture- a break in the lithosphere
fault- a break in the lithosphere along which
movement
has occurred
focus- the point at which the first movement occurs
during an earthquake, usually underground
epicenter- the point on earth’s surface directly
above
the focus of an earthquake
intensity- the measure of the amount of damage
caused
by an earthquake
magnitude- the measure of the amount of energy
released in an earthquake
seismograph- an instrument that detects and
records
waves produced by quakes
richter scale- open ended scale allowing the
comparison
of earthquake magnitudes, each number is 31 times
stronger
body waves- waves of energy that travel from the
focus
of an earthquake within the earth
• p-waves- body waves that squeeze and stretch
rock materials as they pass through earth, faster
• s-waves- body waves that cause particles of
rock material to move at right angles to the
direction
in which the waves are traveling, slower, can’t
travel through liquids *
surface waves- earthquake waves that travel along
earth’s surface
• love-waves- move the earth’s surface side to
side, like a snake
• rayleigh waves- move the earth’s surface like an
ocean wave and are the slowest, the most
destructive
of the seismic waves
aftershock- a smaller earthquake that follows a
larger earthquake with the same focus
liquefaction- a temporary state in which loose soil
and
rock materials take on the property of liquid, often
as a result of severe ground-shaking
tsunami- a large ocean wave that results from an
underwater earthquake
fire storm- a large out-of-control fire caused by gas
and water lines breaking during an earthquake
EAST COAST
•dense rock
VS
WEST COAST
•less dense rock
•few fractures
•infrequent
•many fractures
•very frequent
•low building standards
standards
•high building
•people are not sure
better
what to do before,
during, and
during, and after
•people are
before,
after