Figure 1 - ePrints Soton - University of Southampton
... So if Hess were correct, one would expect to see large variability in layer 3 seismic velocities. But it is not inconsistent with Cannat’s (1993, 1996) more recent suggestions, based on the recovery from the seafloor of serpentinized peridotites, often intruded by gabbros, that the lower crust may c ...
... So if Hess were correct, one would expect to see large variability in layer 3 seismic velocities. But it is not inconsistent with Cannat’s (1993, 1996) more recent suggestions, based on the recovery from the seafloor of serpentinized peridotites, often intruded by gabbros, that the lower crust may c ...
Crustal structure of the Hatton and the conjugate east Greenland
... were consistently noisier than other OBS, presumably due to water currents, but other than those it was possible to ...
... were consistently noisier than other OBS, presumably due to water currents, but other than those it was possible to ...
Tohoku Chapter, Architectural Institute of Japan Quick
... washed away and destroyed by tsunami attacks. They and their families are living in shelters. The tsunami wave height reached as high as 3 to 4 m in Yamamoto-machi. Damage of houses was very light in the areas where tsunami waves did not reach. ...
... washed away and destroyed by tsunami attacks. They and their families are living in shelters. The tsunami wave height reached as high as 3 to 4 m in Yamamoto-machi. Damage of houses was very light in the areas where tsunami waves did not reach. ...
Melt Generation at Very Slow-Spreading Oceanic Ridges
... the degree of serpentinization. So if Hess were correct, one would expect to see large variability in layer 3 seismic velocities. But it is not inconsistent with Cannat’s (1993, 1996) more recent suggestions, based on the recovery from the sea floor of serpentinized peridotites, often intruded by ga ...
... the degree of serpentinization. So if Hess were correct, one would expect to see large variability in layer 3 seismic velocities. But it is not inconsistent with Cannat’s (1993, 1996) more recent suggestions, based on the recovery from the sea floor of serpentinized peridotites, often intruded by ga ...
Future accreted terranes: a compilation of island arcs, oceanic
... Intact accretion of FAT crusts by “docking” is often a collisional process (when subduction ceases) rather than an accretionary process (subduction continues after accretion) and is a method of continental growth via large volume addition of exotic crustal material (Fig. 1d). Continental fragments a ...
... Intact accretion of FAT crusts by “docking” is often a collisional process (when subduction ceases) rather than an accretionary process (subduction continues after accretion) and is a method of continental growth via large volume addition of exotic crustal material (Fig. 1d). Continental fragments a ...
Tsunamis - Earth and Space Sciences
... compare the extensive set of geologic runup data from Norway, Scotland and the Shetland Islands, with numerical simulations of the Storegga slide. Their best-fit model suggests that sea levels along the Norwegian coast fell by 20 m during the first 30 minutes following the slide. The simulation also ...
... compare the extensive set of geologic runup data from Norway, Scotland and the Shetland Islands, with numerical simulations of the Storegga slide. Their best-fit model suggests that sea levels along the Norwegian coast fell by 20 m during the first 30 minutes following the slide. The simulation also ...
Tsunamis - Earth and Space Sciences at the University of Washington
... compare the extensive set of geologic runup data from Norway, Scotland and the Shetland Islands, with numerical simulations of the Storegga slide. Their best-fit model suggests that sea levels along the Norwegian coast fell by 20 m during the first 30 minutes following the slide. The simulation also ...
... compare the extensive set of geologic runup data from Norway, Scotland and the Shetland Islands, with numerical simulations of the Storegga slide. Their best-fit model suggests that sea levels along the Norwegian coast fell by 20 m during the first 30 minutes following the slide. The simulation also ...
Crustal geophysical research helps constrain the nature of mantle
... manuscript we first emphasize the importance of doing proper velocity and density modelling including comprehensive uncertainty analysis to determine how well resolved the geophysical parameters actually are. We show that in some cases the contribution of velocity-derived lateral crustal density var ...
... manuscript we first emphasize the importance of doing proper velocity and density modelling including comprehensive uncertainty analysis to determine how well resolved the geophysical parameters actually are. We show that in some cases the contribution of velocity-derived lateral crustal density var ...
imaging the upper mantle beneath turkey and surrounding regions
... This study includes two interdependent sections. The first section presents an analysis of Pn travel times to determine Pn velocity, Pn anisotropy and crustal thickness variations beneath Turkey and surroundings. Between 1999 and 2010, more than 50 000 Pn arrivals are compiled from 700 regional eart ...
... This study includes two interdependent sections. The first section presents an analysis of Pn travel times to determine Pn velocity, Pn anisotropy and crustal thickness variations beneath Turkey and surroundings. Between 1999 and 2010, more than 50 000 Pn arrivals are compiled from 700 regional eart ...
Rehabilitation and Retrofitting of Structures Notes (RRS)
... The losses due to corrosion every year run in to millions of rupees and any solution to this universal problem of corrosion has a direct bearing economy of the country. It is estimated that about 30 to 40% of steel produce each year is used to replace corroded material. Main objective of rehabilitat ...
... The losses due to corrosion every year run in to millions of rupees and any solution to this universal problem of corrosion has a direct bearing economy of the country. It is estimated that about 30 to 40% of steel produce each year is used to replace corroded material. Main objective of rehabilitat ...
Crustal flow in Tibet: geophysical evidence for the physical state of
... Rosenberg & Handy 2005) means the relative strength of lower crust and upper mantle will vary in time and space, and that an evaluation of this relative strength requires detailed knowledge of the lithosphere. ...
... Rosenberg & Handy 2005) means the relative strength of lower crust and upper mantle will vary in time and space, and that an evaluation of this relative strength requires detailed knowledge of the lithosphere. ...
An alternative mechanism of pile failure in
... shows the effective length of the piles in a liquefiable zone plotted against the rmin of the pile section. A line representing a slenderness ratio (Leff/rmin) of 50 is drawn and it distinguishes poor performance piles from the good ones. This line is of some significance in structural engineering, ...
... shows the effective length of the piles in a liquefiable zone plotted against the rmin of the pile section. A line representing a slenderness ratio (Leff/rmin) of 50 is drawn and it distinguishes poor performance piles from the good ones. This line is of some significance in structural engineering, ...
Seismicity perspectives - School of Earth and Environment
... the Afar Depression, due to the remoteness of the region, temporary seismic stations could only be deployed in villages and guarded government facilities, preventing deployments above the presumed intrusion zone. However, the remoteness contributed to the low level of high‐frequency cultural noise ( ...
... the Afar Depression, due to the remoteness of the region, temporary seismic stations could only be deployed in villages and guarded government facilities, preventing deployments above the presumed intrusion zone. However, the remoteness contributed to the low level of high‐frequency cultural noise ( ...
The lunar moho and the internal structure of the Moon
... body besides the Earth. On-going analysis and interpretation of the seismic data continues to provide constraints that help refine lunar origin and evolution. In addition to this, lateral variations in crustal thickness (~0–80 km) are being mapped out at increasing resolution from gravity and topogra ...
... body besides the Earth. On-going analysis and interpretation of the seismic data continues to provide constraints that help refine lunar origin and evolution. In addition to this, lateral variations in crustal thickness (~0–80 km) are being mapped out at increasing resolution from gravity and topogra ...
P-and S-wave velocities of the lowermost crustal rocks from the
... end-member minerals at ambient conditions, as determined by Seront et al. (1993) for plagioclase, by Jackson et al. (1999) for enstatite, by Bass and Weidner (1984) for ferrosilite, by Levien et al. (1979) for diopside, by Kandelin and Weidner (1988) for hedenbergite, by Sinogeikin and Bass (2000) f ...
... end-member minerals at ambient conditions, as determined by Seront et al. (1993) for plagioclase, by Jackson et al. (1999) for enstatite, by Bass and Weidner (1984) for ferrosilite, by Levien et al. (1979) for diopside, by Kandelin and Weidner (1988) for hedenbergite, by Sinogeikin and Bass (2000) f ...
Tsunami - Tulane University
... Furthermore, the period of the wave remains the same, and thus more water is forced between the wave crests causing the height of the wave to increase. Because of this "shoaling" effect, a tsunami that was imperceptible in deep water may grow to have wave heights of several meters or more. If the tr ...
... Furthermore, the period of the wave remains the same, and thus more water is forced between the wave crests causing the height of the wave to increase. Because of this "shoaling" effect, a tsunami that was imperceptible in deep water may grow to have wave heights of several meters or more. If the tr ...
Maximum Magnitude of Induced Earthquakes in the Groningen Gas
... collected by these two arrays are different but overlap. Earthquake observations from both the surface array and downhole arrays provide constraints on a few key earthquake seismology parameters (figure ...
... collected by these two arrays are different but overlap. Earthquake observations from both the surface array and downhole arrays provide constraints on a few key earthquake seismology parameters (figure ...
Elastic Wave Propagation in Anisotropic Media: Migration
... Next, we derive analytical expressions for the traveltime-offset curves for multilayered, weakly azimuthally isotropic and anisotropic media in terms of the elastic properties of each layer. This method is based upon an approximate skewed hyperbolic moveout formula involving three measured bulk vel ...
... Next, we derive analytical expressions for the traveltime-offset curves for multilayered, weakly azimuthally isotropic and anisotropic media in terms of the elastic properties of each layer. This method is based upon an approximate skewed hyperbolic moveout formula involving three measured bulk vel ...
Geophysical Constraints on Mantle Composition
... stations being on land, and most land being in the northern hemisphere, this means that much of the Earth’s subsurface cannot be studied with receiver functions. Similarly, near-source conversion or scattering studies only illuminate structure near the earthquakes themselves. The aseismic continenta ...
... stations being on land, and most land being in the northern hemisphere, this means that much of the Earth’s subsurface cannot be studied with receiver functions. Similarly, near-source conversion or scattering studies only illuminate structure near the earthquakes themselves. The aseismic continenta ...
Landslides, earthquakes, and erosion
... can be quantified by the frequency–area distribution of the triggered landslides. We have recently shown [1] that the frequency–area statistics of three substantially complete landslide inventories are well approximated by the same probability density function, a three-parameter inverse-gamma distri ...
... can be quantified by the frequency–area distribution of the triggered landslides. We have recently shown [1] that the frequency–area statistics of three substantially complete landslide inventories are well approximated by the same probability density function, a three-parameter inverse-gamma distri ...
Seismic Anisotropy of Subduction Zone Minerals–Contribution of
... subduction regions is the presence of hydrated phases, which transport water into the Earth’s interior and release it with dramatic local consequences, triggering earthquakes and melting. The seismological detection of these hydrous phases and geodynamic interpretation of flow in the hydrous mantle ...
... subduction regions is the presence of hydrated phases, which transport water into the Earth’s interior and release it with dramatic local consequences, triggering earthquakes and melting. The seismological detection of these hydrous phases and geodynamic interpretation of flow in the hydrous mantle ...
Seismic wave attenuation and dispersion resulting from wave
... wide range of scales, from the largest pore size to the smallest wavelength, and therefore can cause attenuation in a broad a range of frequencies. It is increasingly believed that mesoscopic flow is a significant mechanism of fluid-related attenuation in the seismic-exploration band 共Pride et al., ...
... wide range of scales, from the largest pore size to the smallest wavelength, and therefore can cause attenuation in a broad a range of frequencies. It is increasingly believed that mesoscopic flow is a significant mechanism of fluid-related attenuation in the seismic-exploration band 共Pride et al., ...
Structure of the Managua graben, Nicaragua, from
... From remote sensing interpretations, combined with seismological data of the 1972 earthquake, the Managua Fault Zone is seen as a N-S - trending, composite structure of regional importance. The eastern margin of the Managua Fault Zone is formed by lower-order, N-S - trending graben structures such a ...
... From remote sensing interpretations, combined with seismological data of the 1972 earthquake, the Managua Fault Zone is seen as a N-S - trending, composite structure of regional importance. The eastern margin of the Managua Fault Zone is formed by lower-order, N-S - trending graben structures such a ...
Earthquake engineering
Earthquake engineering or Seismic engineering is a branch of engineering that searches for ways to make structures, such as buildings and bridges, resistant to earthquake damage. Earthquake engineer, better known as a seismic engineer aim to develop building techniques that will prevent any damage in a minor quake and avoid serious damage or collapse in a major shake. It is the scientific field concerned with protecting society, the natural environment, and the man-made environment from earthquakes by limiting the seismic risk to socio-economically acceptable levels. Traditionally, it has been narrowly defined as the study of the behavior of structures and geo-structures subject to seismic loading; it is considered as a subset of both structural and geotechnical engineering. However, the tremendous costs experienced in recent earthquakes have led to an expansion of its scope to encompass disciplines from the wider field of civil engineering, mechanical engineering and from the social sciences, especially sociology, political science, economics and finance. The main objectives of earthquake engineering are: Foresee the potential consequences of strong earthquakes on urban areas and civil infrastructure. Design, construct and maintain structures to perform at earthquake exposure up to the expectations and in compliance with building codes.A properly engineered structure does not necessarily have to be extremely strong or expensive. It has to be properly designed to withstand the seismic effects while sustaining an acceptable level of damage.