Download DISRUPTING GENETIC EQUILIBRIUM

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Warm-up 2/19: Make a double bubble comparing and
contrasting convergent and divergent evolution.
Make sure to include at a minimum:
Homologous Structures
Analogous Structures
Adaptive radiation
Co-evolution
Artificial Selection
Environment
Embryology
Biogeography
Vestigial Structures
Phenotype
Genotype
Common Ancestor
HARDY-WEINBERG AND
GENETIC EQUILIBRIUM
Ch. 16-1 pp 317-320
Variation of Traits in a Population
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In a population, organisms tend to show small variations
of a trait
Bell Curve – shows that
whereas a few fish are
very short and a few are
very long, most are of
average length.
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Variations are caused by mutations, genetic
recombination, and random-pairing of alleles
The Gene Pool
A population is the smallest level evolution can work on, changing the
genetic composition of the population over time.
Gene Pool = the total genetic material available in a
population
Adapting to new selection factors can only use existing
genes found in the population
Allele Frequency = the number of a certain allele in the
population / the total number of all alleles
The phenotype frequencies can change between
generations but allele frequencies that create the
phenotypes generally do not change very much between
generations
The Gene Pool


Gene Pool- genetic variation stored in population
Each allele exists at a certain frequency - gene
frequency
Hardy-Weinberg Genetic Equilibrium
States that genotype frequencies
remain the same from generation to
generation unless acted upon by an outside
influence
Keep in mind this is
theoretical!!! These
Makes the following assumptions for a theoretical rules generally allow us
non-evolving population:
to determine the source
of a population’s
1) No Net Mutations – alleles remain the same
change
2) Individuals neither enter nor leave the
population – no immigration/emigration
3) Large population – ideally infinitely large
4) Random mating
5) Selection does NOT occur – no natural or artificial
selection at work
Vocab
& HW Read p317-320
Do p320 #1-5 Both Due Wed.
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Superposition
Biogeography
Phylogeny/ phylogenic tree
Adaptive Radiation
Allele frequency
Gene pool
Hardy-Weinberg genetic equilibrium