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Unit 9 Completed Vocabulary - WAHS
Unit 9 Completed Vocabulary - WAHS

... around proteins. histone – globular protein molecule around which DNA is tightly coiled in chromatin. replication – copying process by which a cell duplicates its DNA. DNA polymerase – enzyme that “proofreads” new DNA strands, helping to ensure that each molecule is a nearly perfect copy of the orig ...
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... (Human genome project- covered in other power point)  Proteome – all the proteins found in a cell, and how they work- the study of proteins encoded by the genome  Transcriptome – genes expressed  Metabolome – entire metabolic state of a cell ...
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DNA supercoil



DNA supercoiling refers to the over- or under-winding of a DNA strand, and is an expression of the strain on that strand. Supercoiling is important in a number of biological processes, such as compacting DNA. Additionally, certain enzymes such as topoisomerases are able to change DNA topology to facilitate functions such as DNA replication or transcription. Mathematical expressions are used to describe supercoiling by comparing different coiled states to relaxed B-form DNA.As a general rule, the DNA of most organisms is negatively supercoiled.
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