Unusual C-terminal domain of the largest subunit of RNA
... A number of functions, based primarely on the tandem repeat structure, have been proposed for the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II, eg. a receptor domain for transcription factors, a nuclear anchor, or a domain that must be phosphorylated to generate the active enzyme (reviewed in (2)). In Try ...
... A number of functions, based primarely on the tandem repeat structure, have been proposed for the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II, eg. a receptor domain for transcription factors, a nuclear anchor, or a domain that must be phosphorylated to generate the active enzyme (reviewed in (2)). In Try ...
video slide - SharpSchool
... subunit 1 A small ribosomal subunit binds to a molecule of mRNA. In a prokaryotic cell, the mRNA binding site on this subunit recognizes a specific nucleotide sequence on the mRNA just upstream of the start codon. An initiator tRNA, with the anticodon UAC, base-pairs with the start codon, AUG. This ...
... subunit 1 A small ribosomal subunit binds to a molecule of mRNA. In a prokaryotic cell, the mRNA binding site on this subunit recognizes a specific nucleotide sequence on the mRNA just upstream of the start codon. An initiator tRNA, with the anticodon UAC, base-pairs with the start codon, AUG. This ...
Kanr T-DNA Supplemental Figure 1. Transgenic complementation of
... (A) Alignment of BCCP1 and BCCP2 amino acid sequences generated by the BESTFIT algorithm of GCG software package (Genetics Computer Group, Madison, WI). Identical residues are black-shaded and conservative substitutions are grey-shaded. The boxed sequences indicate the region with low amino acid sim ...
... (A) Alignment of BCCP1 and BCCP2 amino acid sequences generated by the BESTFIT algorithm of GCG software package (Genetics Computer Group, Madison, WI). Identical residues are black-shaded and conservative substitutions are grey-shaded. The boxed sequences indicate the region with low amino acid sim ...
Contextual Genetic Algorithms: Evolving Developmental Rules
... If the concentrations of editing operators can be linked to environmental contexts, the concentrations of different proteins obtained may be selected accordingly, and thus evolve a system which is able to respond to environmental changes without changes in the major part of its genetic information ( ...
... If the concentrations of editing operators can be linked to environmental contexts, the concentrations of different proteins obtained may be selected accordingly, and thus evolve a system which is able to respond to environmental changes without changes in the major part of its genetic information ( ...
Chpt11_TxnPromoters.doc
... 3. What are the contacts between the protein and the binding site in DNA? a. Methylation interference reactions: When a purine that makes contact with the protein is methylated by dimethyl sulphate (DMS), the DNA will no longer bind to the protein. Thus, DNA is gently methylated (about one hit per m ...
... 3. What are the contacts between the protein and the binding site in DNA? a. Methylation interference reactions: When a purine that makes contact with the protein is methylated by dimethyl sulphate (DMS), the DNA will no longer bind to the protein. Thus, DNA is gently methylated (about one hit per m ...
Alternative Splicing: How to Get More than One Protein from a Gene
... Description: Use the word key from the “Protein Synthesis and Words” activity to demonstrate how eukaryotic cells may use one DNA sequence to code for multiple proteins. Eukaryotic cells might use the same gene or DNA sequence differently depending on where the gene is located. A brain cell might ma ...
... Description: Use the word key from the “Protein Synthesis and Words” activity to demonstrate how eukaryotic cells may use one DNA sequence to code for multiple proteins. Eukaryotic cells might use the same gene or DNA sequence differently depending on where the gene is located. A brain cell might ma ...
Evolutionary Adaptation to Different Thermal Environments via
... Between-population variation in enzyme concentrations that is due to differential gene regulation has also been demonstrated to occur at the alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) locus (Adh locus) in Drosophila melanoguster (reviewed in Laurie-Ahlberg 1985; Chambers 1988). The differences in ADH concentration ...
... Between-population variation in enzyme concentrations that is due to differential gene regulation has also been demonstrated to occur at the alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) locus (Adh locus) in Drosophila melanoguster (reviewed in Laurie-Ahlberg 1985; Chambers 1988). The differences in ADH concentration ...
Poster - University of British Columbia
... shown to be an effective chemopreventive agent in an animal model of adenocarcinoma [Carcinogenesis 1997 Oct 18(10):2015-7]. In humans, although inhaled budesonide for 6 months was not effective in regression of bronchial dysplasia, a significantly higher rate of resolution of CT detected small lung ...
... shown to be an effective chemopreventive agent in an animal model of adenocarcinoma [Carcinogenesis 1997 Oct 18(10):2015-7]. In humans, although inhaled budesonide for 6 months was not effective in regression of bronchial dysplasia, a significantly higher rate of resolution of CT detected small lung ...
Genome-scale profiling of histone H3.3 replacement patterns
... (Fig. 2e,f). We also observed this similarity between H3.3 and markers of active chromatin and transcription for other gene-rich regions. Therefore, replication-independent deposition of H3.3 marks actively transcribed genes genome-wide and corresponds to patterns of active chromatin modification. T ...
... (Fig. 2e,f). We also observed this similarity between H3.3 and markers of active chromatin and transcription for other gene-rich regions. Therefore, replication-independent deposition of H3.3 marks actively transcribed genes genome-wide and corresponds to patterns of active chromatin modification. T ...
Disruption of an N-acetyltransferase gene in the
... are intensely black and the tail spot is brown, instead of colorless as in the wild type. (C)The mln locus has been introduced into a line for silk production. The left larva is Jingsong, a traditional high-yielding strain in China. (D-K)According to published reports, several representative pheno ...
... are intensely black and the tail spot is brown, instead of colorless as in the wild type. (C)The mln locus has been introduced into a line for silk production. The left larva is Jingsong, a traditional high-yielding strain in China. (D-K)According to published reports, several representative pheno ...
Modeling RNA Molecules
... In this regard, the parallels and contrasts between RNA and protein structure prediction and folding are apparent. Like proteins, RNA molecules are flexible linear polymers with astronomical conformational possibilities. Unlike proteins, RNA structures generally partition quite cleanly between secon ...
... In this regard, the parallels and contrasts between RNA and protein structure prediction and folding are apparent. Like proteins, RNA molecules are flexible linear polymers with astronomical conformational possibilities. Unlike proteins, RNA structures generally partition quite cleanly between secon ...
Transcriptional profiling of interleukin-2
... derived mesenchymal stem cells revealed dramatic changes in stem cells response imposed by replicative senescence Supplementary Material ...
... derived mesenchymal stem cells revealed dramatic changes in stem cells response imposed by replicative senescence Supplementary Material ...
Analysis of GDSL lipase (GLIP) family genes in rice (Oryza sativa)
... Lipase is one of the lipid hydrolyzing enzymes, distributed broadly throughout plants, animals, and microorganisms. Three highly conserved amino acid residues (Ser, Asp, and His), which form the catalytic triad, are present in lipase family members (Arpigny and Jaeger, 1999; Hong et al., 2008). A pe ...
... Lipase is one of the lipid hydrolyzing enzymes, distributed broadly throughout plants, animals, and microorganisms. Three highly conserved amino acid residues (Ser, Asp, and His), which form the catalytic triad, are present in lipase family members (Arpigny and Jaeger, 1999; Hong et al., 2008). A pe ...
Use what you learned in Module 5 to construct a gene model for tra
... Genes track are exons and the thin lines with arrowheads show the locations of the introns. Notice that the diagrams for the first and second RNA-Seq Exon Junctions tracks have the same 5’ splice site but different 3’ splice sites. Let’s see what we can find out about these splice sites. First, we n ...
... Genes track are exons and the thin lines with arrowheads show the locations of the introns. Notice that the diagrams for the first and second RNA-Seq Exon Junctions tracks have the same 5’ splice site but different 3’ splice sites. Let’s see what we can find out about these splice sites. First, we n ...
Sample Chapter 10: Gene Action and Expression
... controlling its execution.” Operons were originally described in several types of bacteria, but the genome sequence of the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans revealed that nearly a quarter of its genes are organized into operon-like groups, too. In bacteria, operons act like switches, turning gene tra ...
... controlling its execution.” Operons were originally described in several types of bacteria, but the genome sequence of the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans revealed that nearly a quarter of its genes are organized into operon-like groups, too. In bacteria, operons act like switches, turning gene tra ...
A Fruit-Specific Putative Dihydroflavonol 4
... was the DFR from V. vinifera, the fruit of which, like that of strawberry, is considered nonclimacteric. DFR is encoded either by a small multigene family (Beld et al., 1989; Helariutta et al., 1993) or by only one gene (Kristiansen and Rohde, 1991; Bongue-Bartelsman et al., 1994; Sparvoli et al., 1 ...
... was the DFR from V. vinifera, the fruit of which, like that of strawberry, is considered nonclimacteric. DFR is encoded either by a small multigene family (Beld et al., 1989; Helariutta et al., 1993) or by only one gene (Kristiansen and Rohde, 1991; Bongue-Bartelsman et al., 1994; Sparvoli et al., 1 ...
Calmodulin-binding protein phosphatase PP7 is involved in
... Arabidopsis thaliana PP7 cDNA encoding a novel protein Ser/Thr phosphatase has been described. While PP7 is a member of the PPP family, it is not closely related to any protein phosphatases in animals or fungi (Andreeva et al. 1998; Kutuzov, Evans & Andreeva 1998). The complete PP7 sequence is avail ...
... Arabidopsis thaliana PP7 cDNA encoding a novel protein Ser/Thr phosphatase has been described. While PP7 is a member of the PPP family, it is not closely related to any protein phosphatases in animals or fungi (Andreeva et al. 1998; Kutuzov, Evans & Andreeva 1998). The complete PP7 sequence is avail ...
lac
... Monod showed that Z+Y- mutants did not take up a radioactively labeled galactoside in the presence of inducer. He concluded that lacY must encode an enzyme responsible for transporting the galactoside into cells: called it galactoside permease. ...
... Monod showed that Z+Y- mutants did not take up a radioactively labeled galactoside in the presence of inducer. He concluded that lacY must encode an enzyme responsible for transporting the galactoside into cells: called it galactoside permease. ...
Molecular Beacon Product Sheet
... binding of single stranded oligos to specific targets based on structural conformation. Aptamers are single-stranded RNA or DNA oligonucleotides 15 to 60 base in length that bind with high affinity to specific molecular targets; most aptamers to proteins bind with Kds (equilibrium constant) in the r ...
... binding of single stranded oligos to specific targets based on structural conformation. Aptamers are single-stranded RNA or DNA oligonucleotides 15 to 60 base in length that bind with high affinity to specific molecular targets; most aptamers to proteins bind with Kds (equilibrium constant) in the r ...
Bioinfo primer - part 6/6
... • High throughput technologies give us long lists of the parts of systems (chromosomes, genomes, cells, etc). We can now analyse how they work together to produce the complexity of the organisms. • The function of the genome is – Metabolism: metabolic pathways convert chemical energy derived from fo ...
... • High throughput technologies give us long lists of the parts of systems (chromosomes, genomes, cells, etc). We can now analyse how they work together to produce the complexity of the organisms. • The function of the genome is – Metabolism: metabolic pathways convert chemical energy derived from fo ...
Tissue-Specific Expression and Promoter Analysis of the Tobacco
... LTPs so far cloned contain a leader sequence responsible for insertion into the ER and subsequent secretion of the protein (Bernhard et al., 1991; Madrid, 1991). In situ hybridizations have shown accumulation of Itp transcripts in epidermal layers of tobacco (Fleming et al., 1992), tomato (Fleming e ...
... LTPs so far cloned contain a leader sequence responsible for insertion into the ER and subsequent secretion of the protein (Bernhard et al., 1991; Madrid, 1991). In situ hybridizations have shown accumulation of Itp transcripts in epidermal layers of tobacco (Fleming et al., 1992), tomato (Fleming e ...
Influenza virus
... when Dimitry Iwanowisky proved that the infected sap was capable of inducing the mosaic disease in healthy plants, even after passing through bacterial- proof filter candles. M W Beinerink1898 gave the name to this infectious agent ‘contagium vivum fluidum’, and latter on as filterable viruses. Mean ...
... when Dimitry Iwanowisky proved that the infected sap was capable of inducing the mosaic disease in healthy plants, even after passing through bacterial- proof filter candles. M W Beinerink1898 gave the name to this infectious agent ‘contagium vivum fluidum’, and latter on as filterable viruses. Mean ...
transcription
... Stages of Protein Synthesis • The first stage is transcription, in which the information encoded in DNA is copied onto a length of messenger RNA (mRNA). • In eukaryotes, mRNA moves from the cell nucleus to a structure in the cytoplasm called a ribosome. ...
... Stages of Protein Synthesis • The first stage is transcription, in which the information encoded in DNA is copied onto a length of messenger RNA (mRNA). • In eukaryotes, mRNA moves from the cell nucleus to a structure in the cytoplasm called a ribosome. ...
Insert Overview of Translation here 2 pages.
... In prokaryotes, this is fairly well understood. Prokaryotic mRNAs contain a ribosome binding site that is located 5' to (in front of) the start codon. This sequence is 5' AGGAGG 3'. It is called a Shine-Dalgarno sequence and it is found about 10 bases 5' to the start codon. The 16S rRNA, in turn, co ...
... In prokaryotes, this is fairly well understood. Prokaryotic mRNAs contain a ribosome binding site that is located 5' to (in front of) the start codon. This sequence is 5' AGGAGG 3'. It is called a Shine-Dalgarno sequence and it is found about 10 bases 5' to the start codon. The 16S rRNA, in turn, co ...
RNA interference
RNA interference (RNAi) is a biological process in which RNA molecules inhibit gene expression, typically by causing the destruction of specific mRNA molecules. Historically, it was known by other names, including co-suppression, post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS), and quelling. Only after these apparently unrelated processes were fully understood did it become clear that they all described the RNAi phenomenon. Andrew Fire and Craig C. Mello shared the 2006 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work on RNA interference in the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans, which they published in 1998.Two types of small ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules – microRNA (miRNA) and small interfering RNA (siRNA) – are central to RNA interference. RNAs are the direct products of genes, and these small RNAs can bind to other specific messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules and either increase or decrease their activity, for example by preventing an mRNA from producing a protein. RNA interference has an important role in defending cells against parasitic nucleotide sequences – viruses and transposons. It also influences development.The RNAi pathway is found in many eukaryotes, including animals, and is initiated by the enzyme Dicer, which cleaves long double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) molecules into short double-stranded fragments of ~20 nucleotide siRNAs. Each siRNA is unwound into two single-stranded RNAs (ssRNAs), the passenger strand and the guide strand. The passenger strand is degraded and the guide strand is incorporated into the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). The most well-studied outcome is post-transcriptional gene silencing, which occurs when the guide strand pairs with a complementary sequence in a messenger RNA molecule and induces cleavage by Argonaute, the catalytic component of the RISC complex. In some organisms, this process spreads systemically, despite the initially limited molar concentrations of siRNA.RNAi is a valuable research tool, both in cell culture and in living organisms, because synthetic dsRNA introduced into cells can selectively and robustly induce suppression of specific genes of interest. RNAi may be used for large-scale screens that systematically shut down each gene in the cell, which can help to identify the components necessary for a particular cellular process or an event such as cell division. The pathway is also used as a practical tool in biotechnology, medicine and insecticides.