Abundant RNA editing sites of chloroplast protein
... and it mostly converts C to U, although hornwort and fern have abundant U to C editing. Moreover, the editing events have also been detected in tRNAs, introns and the untranslated regions [19, 20]. RNA editing is essential for the normal development of plant and is involved in a wide variety of biol ...
... and it mostly converts C to U, although hornwort and fern have abundant U to C editing. Moreover, the editing events have also been detected in tRNAs, introns and the untranslated regions [19, 20]. RNA editing is essential for the normal development of plant and is involved in a wide variety of biol ...
Molecular Biology Reports
... Department of Agriculture (USDA) reported that sweetpotato yields two to three times more carbohydrate that of field corn, and has similar potential as an alternative source of bioenergy as some varieties of sugarcane [12]. In our previous studies, the metabolic engineering of carotenoids by silenci ...
... Department of Agriculture (USDA) reported that sweetpotato yields two to three times more carbohydrate that of field corn, and has similar potential as an alternative source of bioenergy as some varieties of sugarcane [12]. In our previous studies, the metabolic engineering of carotenoids by silenci ...
a complex voyage to the X chromosome
... molecular level. Together, these approaches are beginning to uncover a complex X chromosome targeting mechanism that involves the recognition of DNA elements and transcriptionally active genes. Here, we explore the relative contributions of sequence elements and transcriptional activity to the compl ...
... molecular level. Together, these approaches are beginning to uncover a complex X chromosome targeting mechanism that involves the recognition of DNA elements and transcriptionally active genes. Here, we explore the relative contributions of sequence elements and transcriptional activity to the compl ...
PDF
... system to study the regulation of morphogenetic processes by hormonal signals. Metamorphosis involves growth and differentiation, tissue remodeling and death, all of which are orchestrated by the morphogenesis-promoting ecdysteroids and the antagonistically acting juvenile hormone (JH), whose presen ...
... system to study the regulation of morphogenetic processes by hormonal signals. Metamorphosis involves growth and differentiation, tissue remodeling and death, all of which are orchestrated by the morphogenesis-promoting ecdysteroids and the antagonistically acting juvenile hormone (JH), whose presen ...
jing is required for wing development and to establish the
... screened an imaginal disc cDNA library constructed in λgt10 using a fragment of genomic DNA adjacent to the P element insertion site as probe. We identified four independent partial clones that were grouped into two non-overlapping families. Our cDNAs, together with additional cDNAs identified by BD ...
... screened an imaginal disc cDNA library constructed in λgt10 using a fragment of genomic DNA adjacent to the P element insertion site as probe. We identified four independent partial clones that were grouped into two non-overlapping families. Our cDNAs, together with additional cDNAs identified by BD ...
Direct control of shoot meristem activity by a cytokinin
... biologically active cytokinin levels. It is currently not possible to rule out the occurrence and physiological importance of a two-step reaction for cytokinin activation. In any case, the LOG-dependent direct pathway would be dominant at least in the shoot meristem. Although cytokinin functions as ...
... biologically active cytokinin levels. It is currently not possible to rule out the occurrence and physiological importance of a two-step reaction for cytokinin activation. In any case, the LOG-dependent direct pathway would be dominant at least in the shoot meristem. Although cytokinin functions as ...
Recall Questions
... Aneupoloidy: loss or gain of one or more chromosomes so that the chromosome number deviates from 2n or the normal euploid complement. Polyploidy: Gain of entire sets of chromosomes so the chromosome number changes from 2n to 3n (triploid), 4n (tetraploid), and so on. *2. Why do extra copies of genes ...
... Aneupoloidy: loss or gain of one or more chromosomes so that the chromosome number deviates from 2n or the normal euploid complement. Polyploidy: Gain of entire sets of chromosomes so the chromosome number changes from 2n to 3n (triploid), 4n (tetraploid), and so on. *2. Why do extra copies of genes ...
Drosophila WntD is a target and an inhibitor of the Dorsal/Twist/Snail
... compatible with mesoderm formation. Consistent with this model, many genes, including rhomboid, sim, lethal of scute, short gastrulation, crumbs, Delta and Enhancer of split, are repressed by Snail in the ventral region and their expression is, therefore, restricted to the lateral regions. In snail ...
... compatible with mesoderm formation. Consistent with this model, many genes, including rhomboid, sim, lethal of scute, short gastrulation, crumbs, Delta and Enhancer of split, are repressed by Snail in the ventral region and their expression is, therefore, restricted to the lateral regions. In snail ...
Computational Definition of
... sites were more likely to require ESEs for recognition than exons with strong sites, identified exonic hexamers that were both more prevalent in the former and more prevalent than those found in the intronic flanks. When tested, these hexamers indeed promoted splicing. Alternatively spliced exons ar ...
... sites were more likely to require ESEs for recognition than exons with strong sites, identified exonic hexamers that were both more prevalent in the former and more prevalent than those found in the intronic flanks. When tested, these hexamers indeed promoted splicing. Alternatively spliced exons ar ...
Control of Cleavage Cycles in Drosophila Embryos by fru¨ hstart
... Development in animal embryos begins with the cleavage stage, during which the large fertilized egg cell is split into increasingly smaller cells by an invariant number of rapid cell divisions. The end of cleavage and the associated transition to the following developmental stage is marked by a paus ...
... Development in animal embryos begins with the cleavage stage, during which the large fertilized egg cell is split into increasingly smaller cells by an invariant number of rapid cell divisions. The end of cleavage and the associated transition to the following developmental stage is marked by a paus ...
Document
... transcription factors affect leaf and cotyledon expansion, including what specific tissues or cell types are involved and whether CRFs act through cell expansion or control of cell division or both. One approach to achieving this is through a detailed tissue and cellular level examination of the lea ...
... transcription factors affect leaf and cotyledon expansion, including what specific tissues or cell types are involved and whether CRFs act through cell expansion or control of cell division or both. One approach to achieving this is through a detailed tissue and cellular level examination of the lea ...
Centromere Locations and Associated Chromosome
... CEN5 is more complex. The formation of chromosome V of A. thaliana involved a reciprocal translocation (see above and Figure 1), and an understanding of this event is critical for interpreting the origin of CEN5. Previous comparative molecular cytogenetic analyses of A. thaliana and A. lyrata could ...
... CEN5 is more complex. The formation of chromosome V of A. thaliana involved a reciprocal translocation (see above and Figure 1), and an understanding of this event is critical for interpreting the origin of CEN5. Previous comparative molecular cytogenetic analyses of A. thaliana and A. lyrata could ...
LOCATION OF THE CENTROMERES ON THE LINKAGE
... RELATING genetic data to the morphology of the chromosomes in maize, the relation of gene loci to the position of the centromere, or region of spindle attachment, is of primary interest and importance. The relation of the genes to each other on the linkage maps is established directly from crossing ...
... RELATING genetic data to the morphology of the chromosomes in maize, the relation of gene loci to the position of the centromere, or region of spindle attachment, is of primary interest and importance. The relation of the genes to each other on the linkage maps is established directly from crossing ...
Gro and Eve co-regulate early boundaries - Development
... Fig. 1. A conserved Eve motif interacts with Gro. (A) Eve: the homeodomain (HD), transient assay-defined repression domain (TARD), which is Gro-independent, and the Gro interaction domain (GID, LFKPY) are shown, with corresponding amino acid numbers. The LFKPY region is conserved between Eve HD prot ...
... Fig. 1. A conserved Eve motif interacts with Gro. (A) Eve: the homeodomain (HD), transient assay-defined repression domain (TARD), which is Gro-independent, and the Gro interaction domain (GID, LFKPY) are shown, with corresponding amino acid numbers. The LFKPY region is conserved between Eve HD prot ...
Opsin genes, cone photopigments, color vision, and color blindness
... base (adenine, guanine, thymine, or cytosine), a phosphate molecule, and a sugar molecule (deoxyribose). Owing to the double-helical structure of DNA, the nucleotide in one DNA strand has a complementary nucleotide in the opposite strand. The two are held together, in nucleotide or base pairs (bp), ...
... base (adenine, guanine, thymine, or cytosine), a phosphate molecule, and a sugar molecule (deoxyribose). Owing to the double-helical structure of DNA, the nucleotide in one DNA strand has a complementary nucleotide in the opposite strand. The two are held together, in nucleotide or base pairs (bp), ...
Computational Identification of Plant MicroRNAs and
... MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are ⵑ21-nucleotide RNAs, some of which have been shown to play important generegulatory roles during plant development. We developed comparative genomic approaches to systematically identify both miRNAs and their targets that are conserved in Arabidopsis thaliana and rice (Oryza s ...
... MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are ⵑ21-nucleotide RNAs, some of which have been shown to play important generegulatory roles during plant development. We developed comparative genomic approaches to systematically identify both miRNAs and their targets that are conserved in Arabidopsis thaliana and rice (Oryza s ...
Activation of the Interleukin-3 Gene by Chromosome
... lanes (2 and 31, a 1 kb band was identified in the leukemic sample from Case 1 (lane 4, lower arrow), suggestingaberrant expression of the IL-3 gene. In addition, the leukemic sample showed over-expression of an unspliced 2.9 kb IL-3 transcript (lane 4, upper arrow). We documented that this represen ...
... lanes (2 and 31, a 1 kb band was identified in the leukemic sample from Case 1 (lane 4, lower arrow), suggestingaberrant expression of the IL-3 gene. In addition, the leukemic sample showed over-expression of an unspliced 2.9 kb IL-3 transcript (lane 4, upper arrow). We documented that this represen ...