A novel role for the floral homeotic gene APETALA2
... zigzag configuration (A,B). However, this structure is absent in rpl ful (E). Replum development is rescued in rpl ful m413 background (G,H). The red arrowhead in G indicates the formation of carpeloid-sepals in rpl ful m413. (C,F,I-L) Cross-sections of ful (C,J), rpl ful (F,K) and rpl ful m413 (I,L ...
... zigzag configuration (A,B). However, this structure is absent in rpl ful (E). Replum development is rescued in rpl ful m413 background (G,H). The red arrowhead in G indicates the formation of carpeloid-sepals in rpl ful m413. (C,F,I-L) Cross-sections of ful (C,J), rpl ful (F,K) and rpl ful m413 (I,L ...
Engrailed cooperates with extradenticle and homothorax to repress
... Fig. 1F-H, complete removal of both maternal and zygotic exd function caused a dramatic drop in En repression activity on the slp gene. However, as with hth, there appeared to be residual activity even in the absence of exd function. Thus, although En retains a residual repression activity in vivo w ...
... Fig. 1F-H, complete removal of both maternal and zygotic exd function caused a dramatic drop in En repression activity on the slp gene. However, as with hth, there appeared to be residual activity even in the absence of exd function. Thus, although En retains a residual repression activity in vivo w ...
PH4 of Petunia Is an R2R3 MYB Protein That Activates
... The anthocyanin pathway has been shown to be activated by similar MYB, BHLH, and WD40 proteins in a wide variety of species, indicating that this function is well conserved (reviewed in Winkel-Shirley, 2001; Koes et al., 2005). Several studies revealed that these MYB, BHLH, and WD40 proteins could i ...
... The anthocyanin pathway has been shown to be activated by similar MYB, BHLH, and WD40 proteins in a wide variety of species, indicating that this function is well conserved (reviewed in Winkel-Shirley, 2001; Koes et al., 2005). Several studies revealed that these MYB, BHLH, and WD40 proteins could i ...
Alternatively Spliced Genes
... knowledge about pre-mRNA splicing has also come from studies of the major class of introns. Comparison of genes coding for components of splicing machinery, including both snRNAs and protein factors, reveals a high degree of conservation through evolution. Amazing similarity is found among spliceoso ...
... knowledge about pre-mRNA splicing has also come from studies of the major class of introns. Comparison of genes coding for components of splicing machinery, including both snRNAs and protein factors, reveals a high degree of conservation through evolution. Amazing similarity is found among spliceoso ...
Gene Expression Profiles of Cold
... Lee and Lee 2003), maize sperm cells (Engel et al. 2003) and tobacco sperm cells (Xu et al. 2002). These studies greatly broaden our current knowledge of transcripts present in the mature pollen grain. However, further gene expression and functional analyses of individual transcripts (da Costa-Nunes ...
... Lee and Lee 2003), maize sperm cells (Engel et al. 2003) and tobacco sperm cells (Xu et al. 2002). These studies greatly broaden our current knowledge of transcripts present in the mature pollen grain. However, further gene expression and functional analyses of individual transcripts (da Costa-Nunes ...
Endoderm development in vertebrates: fate mapping
... Reiter et al. 2001). bon and fau/gata5 mutants contain approximately 10% and approximately 60% of the normal number of endoderm cells, respectively, as assessed by the early endoderm marker genes sox17, a high-mobility-group (HMG) transcription factor gene (Alexander & Stainier 1999) and foxA2, a wi ...
... Reiter et al. 2001). bon and fau/gata5 mutants contain approximately 10% and approximately 60% of the normal number of endoderm cells, respectively, as assessed by the early endoderm marker genes sox17, a high-mobility-group (HMG) transcription factor gene (Alexander & Stainier 1999) and foxA2, a wi ...
oto`s role in head and trunk development
... The first obvious sign of anteroposterior (AP) pattern in the mouse embryo is provided by the formation of the primitive streak. Molecular studies have shown that AP pattern in the visceral endoderm, in the form of restricted expression of genes such as Lim1 and Hex, precedes discernible pattern in ...
... The first obvious sign of anteroposterior (AP) pattern in the mouse embryo is provided by the formation of the primitive streak. Molecular studies have shown that AP pattern in the visceral endoderm, in the form of restricted expression of genes such as Lim1 and Hex, precedes discernible pattern in ...
An AT-hook gene is required for palea formation and floral organ
... identified and characterized rice mutants that specifically disrupted the development of palea, one of the outer whorl floral organs. The depressed palea1 (dp1) mutants show a primary defect in the main structure of palea, implying that palea is a fusion between the main structure and marginal tissues ...
... identified and characterized rice mutants that specifically disrupted the development of palea, one of the outer whorl floral organs. The depressed palea1 (dp1) mutants show a primary defect in the main structure of palea, implying that palea is a fusion between the main structure and marginal tissues ...
univERsity oF copEnhAGEn
... lines, 211 of which were previously used to identify expression QTLs controlling the transcript levels of biosynthetic genes. In a comparative study, we have directly tested two plant biosynthetic pathways for association between polymorphisms controlling biosynthetic gene transcripts and the result ...
... lines, 211 of which were previously used to identify expression QTLs controlling the transcript levels of biosynthetic genes. In a comparative study, we have directly tested two plant biosynthetic pathways for association between polymorphisms controlling biosynthetic gene transcripts and the result ...
SVPaper050711
... SVs and the SV’s ancestral state, was used to infer the likely mechanism of formation for simple SVs. To obtain breakpoint sequence, we performed de novo local assembly at 80.3% of deletions23. Comparison of 1,314 predicted deletion breakpoints to the breakpoint delineated by PCR and sequencing (Sup ...
... SVs and the SV’s ancestral state, was used to infer the likely mechanism of formation for simple SVs. To obtain breakpoint sequence, we performed de novo local assembly at 80.3% of deletions23. Comparison of 1,314 predicted deletion breakpoints to the breakpoint delineated by PCR and sequencing (Sup ...
p68/DDX5 DEAD-box RNA helicase gene encodes a novel miRNA
... that while p68 RNA helicase activity appears to be important for some functions (e.g., RNA processing), it does not appear to be required for its role as a transcriptional coactivator. The p68 gene contains a large intron (intron 11, 1.2 kb in the human gene), which has been conserved through evolut ...
... that while p68 RNA helicase activity appears to be important for some functions (e.g., RNA processing), it does not appear to be required for its role as a transcriptional coactivator. The p68 gene contains a large intron (intron 11, 1.2 kb in the human gene), which has been conserved through evolut ...
Evolutionary dynamics of nematode operons
... abundant in nematode genomes. The “one-way street” hypothesis asserts that once formed by chance, operons are very difficult to break, because the breakage would leave downstream genes in an operon without a promoter, and hence, unexpressed. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed the presence and abse ...
... abundant in nematode genomes. The “one-way street” hypothesis asserts that once formed by chance, operons are very difficult to break, because the breakage would leave downstream genes in an operon without a promoter, and hence, unexpressed. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed the presence and abse ...
Identity elements in tRNA-mediated transcription
... presented in Fig. 4(a) ; Dh and Dd, short lines indicate sequences complementary to the tRNA D-loop. ...
... presented in Fig. 4(a) ; Dh and Dd, short lines indicate sequences complementary to the tRNA D-loop. ...
LATHYROIDES, encoding a WUSCHEL
... During organ development, many key regulators have been identified in plant genomes, which play conserved role among plant species to control the organ identities and/or determine the organ size and shape. It is intriguing that whether these key regulators can acquire diverse function and be integra ...
... During organ development, many key regulators have been identified in plant genomes, which play conserved role among plant species to control the organ identities and/or determine the organ size and shape. It is intriguing that whether these key regulators can acquire diverse function and be integra ...
The Normal Uniform Differential Gene Expression
... These plots are given in Figure 2 at the end of this document. We can also check to see if, using the threshold of 0.5 we have correctly identified the positive control genes as differentially expressed and the negative control genes as not differentially expressed. We create diff, a vector of indic ...
... These plots are given in Figure 2 at the end of this document. We can also check to see if, using the threshold of 0.5 we have correctly identified the positive control genes as differentially expressed and the negative control genes as not differentially expressed. We create diff, a vector of indic ...
Expression and function of decapentaplegic and thick veins during
... protein appears to mediate an increase in the activity of the tyrosine kinase receptor, Torpedo (top; Sturtevant et al., 1993), and mutations in top itself, as well as in several genes belonging to the top pathway, result in the absence of veins (DiazBenjumea and Garcia-Bellido, 1990a; Diaz-Benjumea ...
... protein appears to mediate an increase in the activity of the tyrosine kinase receptor, Torpedo (top; Sturtevant et al., 1993), and mutations in top itself, as well as in several genes belonging to the top pathway, result in the absence of veins (DiazBenjumea and Garcia-Bellido, 1990a; Diaz-Benjumea ...
Provisional PDF
... The hepatopancreas of crustaceans functions in both digestion and absorption (Wang et al., 2004b). A dense microbial colonization has been observed in the hepatopancreas of several isopods (Wood and Griffiths, 1988; Zimmer et al., 2001; Wang et al., 2004b) and the shrimp Neocaridina denticulate (Che ...
... The hepatopancreas of crustaceans functions in both digestion and absorption (Wang et al., 2004b). A dense microbial colonization has been observed in the hepatopancreas of several isopods (Wood and Griffiths, 1988; Zimmer et al., 2001; Wang et al., 2004b) and the shrimp Neocaridina denticulate (Che ...
Termination of Stem Cell Maintenance in Arabidopsis Floral
... virtually no differentiation occurred (Figures 3C–3F). Thus, even if WUS is expressed from a heterologous promotor, AG appears to be able to counteract its effects and allow differentiation. Possible mechanisms could include a posttranscriptional influence of AG on WUS activity or opposite regulatio ...
... virtually no differentiation occurred (Figures 3C–3F). Thus, even if WUS is expressed from a heterologous promotor, AG appears to be able to counteract its effects and allow differentiation. Possible mechanisms could include a posttranscriptional influence of AG on WUS activity or opposite regulatio ...