Engineering a tRNA and aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase for the site
... could extend this strategy by introducing an orthogonal tRNAaminoacyl synthetase pair from yeast into E. coli. However, the generation of synthetases that acylate tRNAs with unnatural amino acids will likely require multiple mutations both near and distant from the active site of each synthetase (18 ...
... could extend this strategy by introducing an orthogonal tRNAaminoacyl synthetase pair from yeast into E. coli. However, the generation of synthetases that acylate tRNAs with unnatural amino acids will likely require multiple mutations both near and distant from the active site of each synthetase (18 ...
Special Feature —Manipulating Genes to Understand
... of animal models of human diseases are but two examples of how this technology has affected medical science. Transgenic animals are defined as animals in which a segment of DNA has been physically integrated into the genome of all cells, including the germ line, so that it can be transmitted to offs ...
... of animal models of human diseases are but two examples of how this technology has affected medical science. Transgenic animals are defined as animals in which a segment of DNA has been physically integrated into the genome of all cells, including the germ line, so that it can be transmitted to offs ...
Biotechnology Explorer™ Ligation and Transformation - Bio-Rad
... designed to express a cDNA (complementary DNA) in a mammalian cell line, which is different again from one designed to add a tag to a protein for easy purification. The primary characteristics of any good vector include: ...
... designed to express a cDNA (complementary DNA) in a mammalian cell line, which is different again from one designed to add a tag to a protein for easy purification. The primary characteristics of any good vector include: ...
toxicity in bread wheat - BMC Plant Biology
... variation for Al tolerance in rice has also been identified in QTL analysis [20]. The limited impact of single functional genes in plant stress tolerance has been associated with the polygenic nature of such traits. Thus, the identification and characterization of key regulatory genes that act as ma ...
... variation for Al tolerance in rice has also been identified in QTL analysis [20]. The limited impact of single functional genes in plant stress tolerance has been associated with the polygenic nature of such traits. Thus, the identification and characterization of key regulatory genes that act as ma ...
Scoring Guidelines - Ohio Assessment Systems
... the pig’s nerve and muscle cells should present the same gene that produces the pump in the organism.” The second point is not earned because the response does not provide enough detail to describe how protein synthesis is required to express the gene for the Na+-K+ pump. ...
... the pig’s nerve and muscle cells should present the same gene that produces the pump in the organism.” The second point is not earned because the response does not provide enough detail to describe how protein synthesis is required to express the gene for the Na+-K+ pump. ...
Strains to Theiler`s Virus Persistent Infection the Difference of
... response binding element-activating transcription factor DNA binding domain. These domains are functional because they are involved in the negative regulation of IFN-g by glucocorticoids (16). The deletion decreases the distance between the two elements by one and and half helix turns and changes th ...
... response binding element-activating transcription factor DNA binding domain. These domains are functional because they are involved in the negative regulation of IFN-g by glucocorticoids (16). The deletion decreases the distance between the two elements by one and and half helix turns and changes th ...
IMPROVE SMALL RNA-MEDIATED GENE SILENCING
... trigger in Caenorhabditis elegans and proposed the term RNA interference (RNAi) for the first time (Fire et al. 1998). Later on, the potency of dsRNA to induce gene silencing was also demonstrated in plants (Waterhouse et al. 1998), protozoa (Ngo et al. 1998), and insects (Kennerdell and Carthew 199 ...
... trigger in Caenorhabditis elegans and proposed the term RNA interference (RNAi) for the first time (Fire et al. 1998). Later on, the potency of dsRNA to induce gene silencing was also demonstrated in plants (Waterhouse et al. 1998), protozoa (Ngo et al. 1998), and insects (Kennerdell and Carthew 199 ...
Unit 30C Cell Division, Genetics, and Molecular
... growth of cells. Much more active than normal cells, cancer cells divide at rates that far exceed those of the parent cells from which they arose. Cancer cells also do not mature into specific cell types, as do normal cells. Cancer cells cannot carry out some of the functions of normal cells, which ...
... growth of cells. Much more active than normal cells, cancer cells divide at rates that far exceed those of the parent cells from which they arose. Cancer cells also do not mature into specific cell types, as do normal cells. Cancer cells cannot carry out some of the functions of normal cells, which ...
Lesson Plan, GeneChip® Microarrays: Teacher`s Guide
... looking for further information and more background knowledge, go to the “Additional Resource Links” found on the main page. Links to websites that provide further information are included. For example: “GeneChip Essentials” found on Affymetrix.com may be useful. As it is shown in the “Suggested Cal ...
... looking for further information and more background knowledge, go to the “Additional Resource Links” found on the main page. Links to websites that provide further information are included. For example: “GeneChip Essentials” found on Affymetrix.com may be useful. As it is shown in the “Suggested Cal ...
Title A Fluorescently Labeled, Hyperbranched Polymer
... differentiate between the duplex and the triplex in water, it cannot be used in biological solutions because of its non-specificity. Other proteins and DNA molecules will interrupt the signal and give a false reading which makes this method unsuitable for direct detection. This is why we decided to ...
... differentiate between the duplex and the triplex in water, it cannot be used in biological solutions because of its non-specificity. Other proteins and DNA molecules will interrupt the signal and give a false reading which makes this method unsuitable for direct detection. This is why we decided to ...
Vectors: The carriers of DNA molecules DNA vectors and their
... a heterologous source is that the gene carries no translation start signal which can be efficiently recognized by the E. coli translation system. This problem may arise for heterologous genes cloned into any host. Thus, even though the gene can be transcribed from a promoter within the vector, the r ...
... a heterologous source is that the gene carries no translation start signal which can be efficiently recognized by the E. coli translation system. This problem may arise for heterologous genes cloned into any host. Thus, even though the gene can be transcribed from a promoter within the vector, the r ...
p53 AND CANCER - Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical
... Trp53 is a master transcription factor which regulates the expression of a plethora of genes involved in the crucial biological processes, many of which encipher proteins that control the cell cycle or induce apoptosis. Because of its critical impact on cell predestination, cellular p53 activity mus ...
... Trp53 is a master transcription factor which regulates the expression of a plethora of genes involved in the crucial biological processes, many of which encipher proteins that control the cell cycle or induce apoptosis. Because of its critical impact on cell predestination, cellular p53 activity mus ...
NIH Public Access
... the mature central cell after cell divisions within the female gametophyte have ceased. Thus, DME demethylation does not likely involve a passive demethylation process via a series of cell division without maintenance of DNA methylation. In vitro, DME removes 5methylcytosine at any sequence contexts ...
... the mature central cell after cell divisions within the female gametophyte have ceased. Thus, DME demethylation does not likely involve a passive demethylation process via a series of cell division without maintenance of DNA methylation. In vitro, DME removes 5methylcytosine at any sequence contexts ...
What is PCR? - Cobb Learning
... PV92 Alu Insertion A member of Alu repeat family Human-specific Alu insertion Found in a non-coding region of your DNA Not diagnostic for any disease or disorder (usually) ...
... PV92 Alu Insertion A member of Alu repeat family Human-specific Alu insertion Found in a non-coding region of your DNA Not diagnostic for any disease or disorder (usually) ...
DNA MUTATION, REPAIR, AND TRANSPOSITION
... 2. Silent mutations are those that do not produce a detectable phenotypic change. They can occur in the region between genes, in introns, in the 5' and 3' untranslated regions of a gene, and in the wobble position of a codon. 4. Both types of mutation restore the wild-type function of a gene without ...
... 2. Silent mutations are those that do not produce a detectable phenotypic change. They can occur in the region between genes, in introns, in the 5' and 3' untranslated regions of a gene, and in the wobble position of a codon. 4. Both types of mutation restore the wild-type function of a gene without ...
Localization and structural analysis of the ribosomal RNA operons of
... E. coli rRNA operons. The fact that insertion of a cartridge resulted in the loss of the wild type signal, leads to the conclusion that there are only three rRNA operons in R. sphaeroides. Thus rmA can be assigned to the 10 kb BamYU signal, rrnB to the 14 kb BamYU signal, and rmC to the 13 kb BamYU ...
... E. coli rRNA operons. The fact that insertion of a cartridge resulted in the loss of the wild type signal, leads to the conclusion that there are only three rRNA operons in R. sphaeroides. Thus rmA can be assigned to the 10 kb BamYU signal, rrnB to the 14 kb BamYU signal, and rmC to the 13 kb BamYU ...
Kallikrein-like prorenin-converting enzymes in inbred
... appears to extend into the apical regions of these cells. All striated duct cells exhibited PRCE C (mK9). Our investigation is the first study to evaluate PRCE C (mK9) expression in BPH mice. From the results of protein estimations and RNA expression it is clear that PRCE C (mK9) is expressed at high ...
... appears to extend into the apical regions of these cells. All striated duct cells exhibited PRCE C (mK9). Our investigation is the first study to evaluate PRCE C (mK9) expression in BPH mice. From the results of protein estimations and RNA expression it is clear that PRCE C (mK9) is expressed at high ...
The biased nucleotide composition of the HIV genome: a constant
... Viruses often deviate from their hosts in the nucleotide composition of their genomes. The RNA genome of the lentivirus family of retroviruses, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), contains e.g. an above average percentage of adenine (A) nucleotides, while being extremely poor in cytosine ( ...
... Viruses often deviate from their hosts in the nucleotide composition of their genomes. The RNA genome of the lentivirus family of retroviruses, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), contains e.g. an above average percentage of adenine (A) nucleotides, while being extremely poor in cytosine ( ...
Type XVII collagen gene mutations in junctional epidermolysis
... In recent years data have accumulated that indicate that the spliceosome can be a target for attempting gene correction. The spliceosome of a cell is the site where small-nuclear ribonucleoproteins facilitate removal of introns from premtRNA (the so-called splicing reaction) and therefore control th ...
... In recent years data have accumulated that indicate that the spliceosome can be a target for attempting gene correction. The spliceosome of a cell is the site where small-nuclear ribonucleoproteins facilitate removal of introns from premtRNA (the so-called splicing reaction) and therefore control th ...
RECOMBINEERING: A POWERFUL NEW TOOL FOR MOUSE
... genes with known function, this will be a daunting task. Much of our understanding of these genes will therefore have to come from studies of model organisms. The mouse is an ideal model organism for these types of study. Not only are the mouse and human genomes very similar, but also transgenic and ...
... genes with known function, this will be a daunting task. Much of our understanding of these genes will therefore have to come from studies of model organisms. The mouse is an ideal model organism for these types of study. Not only are the mouse and human genomes very similar, but also transgenic and ...
Overexpression of a Knotted-Like Homeobox Gene of Potato Alters
... elements in regulatory regions of the GA 20-oxidase gene of tobacco to suppress its activity (Sakamoto et al., 2001). The results of this study demonstrate that a potato (Solanum tuberosum) homeobox gene, POTH1, is involved in vegetative pattern formation, accompanied by a decrease in GA levels. On ...
... elements in regulatory regions of the GA 20-oxidase gene of tobacco to suppress its activity (Sakamoto et al., 2001). The results of this study demonstrate that a potato (Solanum tuberosum) homeobox gene, POTH1, is involved in vegetative pattern formation, accompanied by a decrease in GA levels. On ...
Chromosomal translocations deregulated BCL6
... 1995). Its features and pattern of expression suggest that BCL6 may function as a DNA-binding transcription factor involved in the control of B cell differentiation and lymphoid organ development. Chromosomal translocations affecting band 3q27 represent reciprocal recombinations between this genomic ...
... 1995). Its features and pattern of expression suggest that BCL6 may function as a DNA-binding transcription factor involved in the control of B cell differentiation and lymphoid organ development. Chromosomal translocations affecting band 3q27 represent reciprocal recombinations between this genomic ...
Primary transcript
A primary transcript is the single-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA) product synthesized by transcription of DNA, and processed to yield various mature RNA products such as mRNAs, tRNAs, and rRNAs. The primary transcripts designated to be mRNAs are modified in preparation for translation. For example, a precursor messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) is a type of primary transcript that becomes a messenger RNA (mRNA) after processing.There are several steps contributing to the production of primary transcripts. All these steps involve a series of interactions to initiate and complete the transcription of DNA in the nucleus of eukaryotes. Certain factors play key roles in the activation and inhibition of transcription, where they regulate primary transcript production. Transcription produces primary transcripts that are further modified by several processes. These processes include the 5' cap, 3'-polyadenylation, and alternative splicing. In particular, alternative splicing directly contributes to the diversity of mRNA found in cells. The modifications of primary transcripts have been further studied in research seeking greater knowledge of the role and significance of these transcripts. Experimental studies based on molecular changes to primary transcripts the processes before and after transcription have led to greater understanding of diseases involving primary transcripts.