Glycolysis Citric Acid Cycle Krebs Cycle Oxidative
... Pyruvate Aerobic: occurs in mitochondria Pyruvate → ________________ + CO2 NADH (~ 3 ATP after ET) Acetyl-CoA enters the Krebs Cycle Anaerobic: occurs in cytoplasm Pyruvate + NADH → ______ + NAD+ no ATP produced; makes NAD+ needed for glycolysis to continue Part of the Cori Cycle at right ...
... Pyruvate Aerobic: occurs in mitochondria Pyruvate → ________________ + CO2 NADH (~ 3 ATP after ET) Acetyl-CoA enters the Krebs Cycle Anaerobic: occurs in cytoplasm Pyruvate + NADH → ______ + NAD+ no ATP produced; makes NAD+ needed for glycolysis to continue Part of the Cori Cycle at right ...
2007
... showed that the production of CO2 by the extract increased when succinate was added. In fact, for every mole of succinate added, many extra moles of CO2 were produced. Explain this effect in terms of the known catabolic pathways. ...
... showed that the production of CO2 by the extract increased when succinate was added. In fact, for every mole of succinate added, many extra moles of CO2 were produced. Explain this effect in terms of the known catabolic pathways. ...
Cell Respiration PP
... making it much less efficient than aerobic which produces ~38 total per glucose. ...
... making it much less efficient than aerobic which produces ~38 total per glucose. ...
Cellular Respiration
... Enzyme adds phosphate GP while 2 NADH molecules are produces Phosphates are eventually loss resulting in the production of 4 ATP molecules The final product is Pyruvate ...
... Enzyme adds phosphate GP while 2 NADH molecules are produces Phosphates are eventually loss resulting in the production of 4 ATP molecules The final product is Pyruvate ...
If you did a 10 minute wall sit, what would your muscles start to feel
... like? Why do they begin to feel like that? ...
... like? Why do they begin to feel like that? ...
Document
... Fates of Pyruvate Under aerobic conditions In most aerobic organisms, pyruvate continues in the formation of Acetyl CoA and NADH that follows into the Krebs cycle and ...
... Fates of Pyruvate Under aerobic conditions In most aerobic organisms, pyruvate continues in the formation of Acetyl CoA and NADH that follows into the Krebs cycle and ...
NME2.29 - Fat and Carbohydrate Metabolism 2
... Blood glucose homeostasis is maintained principally by the liver through: o Glycogenolysis – breakdown of glycogen to form glucose o Gluconeogenesis – biosynthesis of glucose from substrates when glycogen stores are low Gluconeogenesis requires ATP and is conducted in the liver from a number of subs ...
... Blood glucose homeostasis is maintained principally by the liver through: o Glycogenolysis – breakdown of glycogen to form glucose o Gluconeogenesis – biosynthesis of glucose from substrates when glycogen stores are low Gluconeogenesis requires ATP and is conducted in the liver from a number of subs ...
Cellular Respiration notes HONORS
... transferred to NAD+ reducing it to NADH 3. The 5C molecule releases a CO2 molecule and a H atom to form a 4C compound. Again, NAD+ is reduced to NADH. Also, an ATP is synthesized from ADP 4. The 4C compound from step 3 releases a hydrogen to form another 4C compound. This time FAD is reduced to form ...
... transferred to NAD+ reducing it to NADH 3. The 5C molecule releases a CO2 molecule and a H atom to form a 4C compound. Again, NAD+ is reduced to NADH. Also, an ATP is synthesized from ADP 4. The 4C compound from step 3 releases a hydrogen to form another 4C compound. This time FAD is reduced to form ...
Document
... The electrons are extracted from the cofactors by reoxidation and then join the electron-transport chain, in this process, protons are expelled from the mitochondrion. The free energy stored in the resulting pH gradient drives the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi (inorganic phosphate) through oxida ...
... The electrons are extracted from the cofactors by reoxidation and then join the electron-transport chain, in this process, protons are expelled from the mitochondrion. The free energy stored in the resulting pH gradient drives the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi (inorganic phosphate) through oxida ...
Chapter 1 Homework - due Tuesday, Sept
... 3. Why is each of the following essential to chemiosmotic ATP synthesis? a) electron transport chain - these protein complexes pump protons into the intermembrane space while passing electrons between them b) proton gradient - so that hydrogen ions will diffuse through the ATP synthase channels down ...
... 3. Why is each of the following essential to chemiosmotic ATP synthesis? a) electron transport chain - these protein complexes pump protons into the intermembrane space while passing electrons between them b) proton gradient - so that hydrogen ions will diffuse through the ATP synthase channels down ...
Recitation 4: glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and the citric acid cycle
... • Takes place in the mitochondrial matrix • Works on 2-carbon units • Begins with transfer of acetyl group onto oxaloacetate and ends with regeneration of oxaloacetate after release of 2 CO2 ...
... • Takes place in the mitochondrial matrix • Works on 2-carbon units • Begins with transfer of acetyl group onto oxaloacetate and ends with regeneration of oxaloacetate after release of 2 CO2 ...
Cell Respiration Outline | Date: Mitochondrion • Structure o Double
... 2 acetyl CoA are made per glucose ...
... 2 acetyl CoA are made per glucose ...
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Review
... 15. Is the phosphorylation reaction in the Krebs cycle substrate level or oxidative? 16. How is FADH2 similar to the NADH produced during glycolysis? 17. How is the structure of the mitochondrion suited to its function? 18. As electrons are passed along the ETC they lose energy. Where does this ener ...
... 15. Is the phosphorylation reaction in the Krebs cycle substrate level or oxidative? 16. How is FADH2 similar to the NADH produced during glycolysis? 17. How is the structure of the mitochondrion suited to its function? 18. As electrons are passed along the ETC they lose energy. Where does this ener ...
Cellular Respiration notes
... energy, which by the end of the cycle produces many (up to 36) ATP molecules. • The ATP synthesized can be used by the cell for cellular metabolism ...
... energy, which by the end of the cycle produces many (up to 36) ATP molecules. • The ATP synthesized can be used by the cell for cellular metabolism ...
PHOTOSYNTHESIS & RESPIRATION
... Whenever a bond holding a phosphate is broken, a large amount of usable cellular energy is released. ADENOSINE ...
... Whenever a bond holding a phosphate is broken, a large amount of usable cellular energy is released. ADENOSINE ...
practice exam
... 19. ______Which statement is false concerning the fate of glucose-6-phosphate in a muscle cell? A. G-6-P can be incorporated into glycogen. B. G-6-P can enter the pentose phosphate pathway. C. G-6-P can be converted to glucose. D. G-6-P can enter glycolysis. 20. ______ The net effect of the eight s ...
... 19. ______Which statement is false concerning the fate of glucose-6-phosphate in a muscle cell? A. G-6-P can be incorporated into glycogen. B. G-6-P can enter the pentose phosphate pathway. C. G-6-P can be converted to glucose. D. G-6-P can enter glycolysis. 20. ______ The net effect of the eight s ...
Exam 1 2007 - chem.uwec.edu
... edge by mobilizing your “sugar reserves” during a race. We analyzed the pill and could only find caffeine and vitamin B6 (pyridoxal phosphate precursor) as the “secret ingredients.” Explain how these ingredients could boost performance in some detail and then explain why it might work. Diagrams may ...
... edge by mobilizing your “sugar reserves” during a race. We analyzed the pill and could only find caffeine and vitamin B6 (pyridoxal phosphate precursor) as the “secret ingredients.” Explain how these ingredients could boost performance in some detail and then explain why it might work. Diagrams may ...
Amphibolic nature of Krebs Cycle
... pyyruvate+ CO2 + ATP +H2O → oxaloacetate + ADP + Pi + 2 H+ This reaction assures that there is sufficient oxaloacetate for condensation with acetyl CoA. In fact, acetyl CoA stimulates pyruvate carboxylase. This reaction is most important, especially in liver and kidney. ...
... pyyruvate+ CO2 + ATP +H2O → oxaloacetate + ADP + Pi + 2 H+ This reaction assures that there is sufficient oxaloacetate for condensation with acetyl CoA. In fact, acetyl CoA stimulates pyruvate carboxylase. This reaction is most important, especially in liver and kidney. ...
Aerobic Respiration - Weber State University
... Krebs cycle in the matrix of the mitochondria. Both glycolysis and the Krebs cycle occur in steps. Stepwise oxidation is important because: 1. dissipate energy that is released as heat 2. generate intermediates ==> steps to start making amino acids, N-bases, other sugars for cell wall and nucleic ac ...
... Krebs cycle in the matrix of the mitochondria. Both glycolysis and the Krebs cycle occur in steps. Stepwise oxidation is important because: 1. dissipate energy that is released as heat 2. generate intermediates ==> steps to start making amino acids, N-bases, other sugars for cell wall and nucleic ac ...
Chapter 9: Cellular Respiration
... • The _____________is the innermost compartment, which is filled with a ____________________. • _________________________________________________of the mitochondria. • Pyruvic acid enters the _________________________. • Pyruvic acid is converted into an intermediate ___________________ ____________ ...
... • The _____________is the innermost compartment, which is filled with a ____________________. • _________________________________________________of the mitochondria. • Pyruvic acid enters the _________________________. • Pyruvic acid is converted into an intermediate ___________________ ____________ ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.