4 ADP + 4 Pi are converted to 2 ATP to produce a net gain of 2 ATP
... ! Energy is released from the breakdown of glucose to pyruvate, much more energy is released when pyruvate is degraded aerobically to CO2 . ! TCA is a 3 stage Catabolic process 1. Attachment of a acetyl group to the acetyl carrier, oxaloacetate to form citrate. 2. Begins with citrate and end in the ...
... ! Energy is released from the breakdown of glucose to pyruvate, much more energy is released when pyruvate is degraded aerobically to CO2 . ! TCA is a 3 stage Catabolic process 1. Attachment of a acetyl group to the acetyl carrier, oxaloacetate to form citrate. 2. Begins with citrate and end in the ...
Microbial Metabolism - Accelerated Learning Center, Inc.
... c) NADH is oxidized to form NAD: Essential for continued operation of the glycolytic pathways. d) O2 is not required. e) No additional ATP are made. f) Gasses (CO2 and/or H2) may be released ...
... c) NADH is oxidized to form NAD: Essential for continued operation of the glycolytic pathways. d) O2 is not required. e) No additional ATP are made. f) Gasses (CO2 and/or H2) may be released ...
Slides - gserianne.com
... Overview of Glucose Breakdown Occurs in three major of reaction series… 1. Glycolysis (glucose to pyruvate; in cytoplasm) 2. Citric acid cycle (finishes oxidation begun in glycolysis; in the matrix of mitochondria) 3. Electron transport chain (uses e- transfer to make ATP; on inner membranes of mit ...
... Overview of Glucose Breakdown Occurs in three major of reaction series… 1. Glycolysis (glucose to pyruvate; in cytoplasm) 2. Citric acid cycle (finishes oxidation begun in glycolysis; in the matrix of mitochondria) 3. Electron transport chain (uses e- transfer to make ATP; on inner membranes of mit ...
Chapter 8 Cellular Energy
... The net yield from the Krebs cycle is 6 CO2 molecules, 2 ATP, 8 NADH, and 2 FADH2. NADH and FADH move on to play a significant role in the next stage of aerobic respiration ...
... The net yield from the Krebs cycle is 6 CO2 molecules, 2 ATP, 8 NADH, and 2 FADH2. NADH and FADH move on to play a significant role in the next stage of aerobic respiration ...
metabole
... Note: ATP is a ribonucleotide, it has ribose, a nitogenous base (adenine), and phosphate. The high energy bond of the terminal of the three phosphates is the one cyclically broken and regenerated. Sugars like glucose can be broken down in a catabolic pathway controlled by many cellular enzymes. Some ...
... Note: ATP is a ribonucleotide, it has ribose, a nitogenous base (adenine), and phosphate. The high energy bond of the terminal of the three phosphates is the one cyclically broken and regenerated. Sugars like glucose can be broken down in a catabolic pathway controlled by many cellular enzymes. Some ...
Cellular Respiration PowerPoint
... One of the waste products is carbon dioxide, a molecule that contains carbon. As organisms conduct cellular respiration or fermentation, they release waste carbon dioxide as a gas into the atmosphere. Photosynthetic organisms, such as plants, absorb this carb dioxide and use it in photosynthesis. T ...
... One of the waste products is carbon dioxide, a molecule that contains carbon. As organisms conduct cellular respiration or fermentation, they release waste carbon dioxide as a gas into the atmosphere. Photosynthetic organisms, such as plants, absorb this carb dioxide and use it in photosynthesis. T ...
Document
... Slide 17 Okay, now energy consequences of glycolysis and the TCA. One glucose molecule in glycolysis – no CO2, 2 ATP, 2 NADH in the system. In pyruvate dehydrogenation, we get 2 carboxyl groups off because each pyruvate molecule (there were 2 pyruvate) came from 1 glucose. The 2 pyruvates were ...
... Slide 17 Okay, now energy consequences of glycolysis and the TCA. One glucose molecule in glycolysis – no CO2, 2 ATP, 2 NADH in the system. In pyruvate dehydrogenation, we get 2 carboxyl groups off because each pyruvate molecule (there were 2 pyruvate) came from 1 glucose. The 2 pyruvates were ...
PP - Chemistry Courses: About
... • In vivo, P/O ratio closer to 2.5 and 1.5 due to other proton “leaking” – i.e. importing phosphate ...
... • In vivo, P/O ratio closer to 2.5 and 1.5 due to other proton “leaking” – i.e. importing phosphate ...
Cell Energy (Photosynthesis and Respiration) Notes
... C. Cannot use the sun’s energy to make food – heterotrophs; obtain energy from food they consume ...
... C. Cannot use the sun’s energy to make food – heterotrophs; obtain energy from food they consume ...
7.2 Glycolysis
... Glycolysis occurs with or without oxygen (during both aerobic and anaerobic respiration) Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell During glycolysis glucose is split in two to form 2 pyruvate molecules ...
... Glycolysis occurs with or without oxygen (during both aerobic and anaerobic respiration) Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell During glycolysis glucose is split in two to form 2 pyruvate molecules ...
Chapter 8 Cellular Energy
... The net yield from the Krebs cycle is 6 CO2 molecules, 2 ATP, 8 NADH, and 2 FADH2. NADH and FADH move on to play a significant role in the next stage of aerobic respiration ...
... The net yield from the Krebs cycle is 6 CO2 molecules, 2 ATP, 8 NADH, and 2 FADH2. NADH and FADH move on to play a significant role in the next stage of aerobic respiration ...
Finals Practice Exam answers
... Spring 2004 BCHS 3304 Final Exam Review1). The TR transition of hemoglobin upon binding of oxygen to the heme has been thoroughly investigated. On a thermodynamic level, this TR transition can be described as (primarily) an enthalpically driven process. Which of the following phenomena in the TR ...
... Spring 2004 BCHS 3304 Final Exam Review1). The TR transition of hemoglobin upon binding of oxygen to the heme has been thoroughly investigated. On a thermodynamic level, this TR transition can be described as (primarily) an enthalpically driven process. Which of the following phenomena in the TR ...
Chapter 4 - WordPress.com
... into lactic acid and small amounts of ATP. Aerobically, glucose is broken down completely (citric acid cycle) into carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) and large amounts of energy (ATP). • Glucose can be synthesized from nonglucose substances such as protein (gluconeogenesis). Slide 4 ...
... into lactic acid and small amounts of ATP. Aerobically, glucose is broken down completely (citric acid cycle) into carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) and large amounts of energy (ATP). • Glucose can be synthesized from nonglucose substances such as protein (gluconeogenesis). Slide 4 ...
classification of enzymes
... thereby exerting strain on the bonds ,stretching or distorting bonds. • Covalent Catalysis: Formation of transient covalent bond between enzyme & substrate(s) makes it more reactant & introduces a new faster pathway of catalysis with much lowered energy of activation. On completion of reaction, enzy ...
... thereby exerting strain on the bonds ,stretching or distorting bonds. • Covalent Catalysis: Formation of transient covalent bond between enzyme & substrate(s) makes it more reactant & introduces a new faster pathway of catalysis with much lowered energy of activation. On completion of reaction, enzy ...
Chapter 3: Bioenergetics
... • Discuss the interaction of anaerobic & aerobic ATP production during exercise • Identify the rate limiting enzymes ...
... • Discuss the interaction of anaerobic & aerobic ATP production during exercise • Identify the rate limiting enzymes ...
1 1) What kinds of molecules pass through a cell membrane most
... B) plant plasma membranes are impermeable to water. C) it shrivels. D) it becomes turgid. E) it is flaccid. 28) If the volume of a cell increases when it is placed in a solution, that solution is said to be __________ to the cell. A) salty B) isotonic C) hypotonic D) hypertonic 29) The energy given ...
... B) plant plasma membranes are impermeable to water. C) it shrivels. D) it becomes turgid. E) it is flaccid. 28) If the volume of a cell increases when it is placed in a solution, that solution is said to be __________ to the cell. A) salty B) isotonic C) hypotonic D) hypertonic 29) The energy given ...
Respiration
... • The electron transport chain generates no ATP directly. • Its function is to break the large free energy drop from food to oxygen into a series of smaller steps that release energy in manageable amounts. • The movement of electrons along the electron transport chain does contribute to chemiosmosis ...
... • The electron transport chain generates no ATP directly. • Its function is to break the large free energy drop from food to oxygen into a series of smaller steps that release energy in manageable amounts. • The movement of electrons along the electron transport chain does contribute to chemiosmosis ...
Ch9 Review Sheet - Canvas by Instructure
... 19. Red blood cells do not contain mitochondria. Which stage or stages of sugar breakdown can take place in these cells? Explain your answer. 20. How is the process by which your body extracts energy from food similar to how a car's engine extracts energy from fuel? How is it different? 21. Explain ...
... 19. Red blood cells do not contain mitochondria. Which stage or stages of sugar breakdown can take place in these cells? Explain your answer. 20. How is the process by which your body extracts energy from food similar to how a car's engine extracts energy from fuel? How is it different? 21. Explain ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.