2421_Ch5.ppt
... If you add this to the two we got from Krebs plus the two we gain from Glycolysis you have a total produced of 38 from the breakdown of a single glucose molecule ...
... If you add this to the two we got from Krebs plus the two we gain from Glycolysis you have a total produced of 38 from the breakdown of a single glucose molecule ...
Chapter 6 ENZYME SUBSTRATE REACTANTS PRODUCTS
... These are the three steps of cellular respiration. Acetyl coA formation, krebs, ETC This breaks glucose into two pyruvates.glycolysis This breaks acetyl CoA into carbon dioxide.krebs ATP is produced during these stages of glucose metabolism.glycolysis, krebs, ETC NADH is produced during these stages ...
... These are the three steps of cellular respiration. Acetyl coA formation, krebs, ETC This breaks glucose into two pyruvates.glycolysis This breaks acetyl CoA into carbon dioxide.krebs ATP is produced during these stages of glucose metabolism.glycolysis, krebs, ETC NADH is produced during these stages ...
PHOTOSYNTHESIS CHAPTER 10
... Light-driven production of ATP—a chemiosmotic mechanism H+ is transported via electron carriers across the thylakoid membrane into the lumen—creating an electrochemical gradient. CHEMIOSMOTIC PRODUCTION OF ATP CARBON FIXATION Enzymes in the stroma use the energy in ATP and NADPH to reduce CO2. Produ ...
... Light-driven production of ATP—a chemiosmotic mechanism H+ is transported via electron carriers across the thylakoid membrane into the lumen—creating an electrochemical gradient. CHEMIOSMOTIC PRODUCTION OF ATP CARBON FIXATION Enzymes in the stroma use the energy in ATP and NADPH to reduce CO2. Produ ...
Metabolic modeling and comparative biochemistry in glyoxylate cycle
... The energy efficiency of fatty acids’ degradation involving the glyoxylate cycle was compared with fatty acids’ catabolism in animal cells. Equations previously validated were used in this comparison and the energy amount produced in the β-oxidation as occurs in animals was calculated (Gonçalves, Va ...
... The energy efficiency of fatty acids’ degradation involving the glyoxylate cycle was compared with fatty acids’ catabolism in animal cells. Equations previously validated were used in this comparison and the energy amount produced in the β-oxidation as occurs in animals was calculated (Gonçalves, Va ...
No Slide Title
... Depletion of ATP in brain cells Changes of cellular osmotic balance in brain Depletion of neurotransmitter Glutamate dehydrogenase: NH4+ + a-KG Glu Glutamine synthetase: NH4+ + Glu Gln ...
... Depletion of ATP in brain cells Changes of cellular osmotic balance in brain Depletion of neurotransmitter Glutamate dehydrogenase: NH4+ + a-KG Glu Glutamine synthetase: NH4+ + Glu Gln ...
Cellular Respiration
... The Krebs cycle completes the breakdown of sugar It occurs inside the mitochondria In the Krebs cycle, pyruvic acid from glycolysis is first “prepped” into a usable form by combining it with enzyme Co-A to make Acetyl-CoA ...
... The Krebs cycle completes the breakdown of sugar It occurs inside the mitochondria In the Krebs cycle, pyruvic acid from glycolysis is first “prepped” into a usable form by combining it with enzyme Co-A to make Acetyl-CoA ...
The Major Transitions in Evolution
... • Look for those molecules that yield the largest increase in metabolic scope • Stop when there is a functional metabolism • Check the results with flux balance analysis (FBA) for the producible compounds in steady state ...
... • Look for those molecules that yield the largest increase in metabolic scope • Stop when there is a functional metabolism • Check the results with flux balance analysis (FBA) for the producible compounds in steady state ...
CHAPTER 6
... • During fasting or high activity, amino acids are degraded to pyruvate, which can be transaminated to alanine • Alanine circulates to liver, where it is converted back to pyruvate – a substrate for gluconeogenesis • This is a fuel of last resort for the fasting or exhausted organism Figure 27.8 The ...
... • During fasting or high activity, amino acids are degraded to pyruvate, which can be transaminated to alanine • Alanine circulates to liver, where it is converted back to pyruvate – a substrate for gluconeogenesis • This is a fuel of last resort for the fasting or exhausted organism Figure 27.8 The ...
electron transport chain
... • The ATP synthase molecules are the only place that will allow H+ to diffuse back to the matrix. • This exergonic flow of H+ is used by the enzyme to generate ATP. • This coupling of electron transport, proton pumping, and ATP synthesis is called ...
... • The ATP synthase molecules are the only place that will allow H+ to diffuse back to the matrix. • This exergonic flow of H+ is used by the enzyme to generate ATP. • This coupling of electron transport, proton pumping, and ATP synthesis is called ...
biochem ch 20 [2-9
... o Heart failure can be cause by dietary deficiency of thiamine; pyruvate dehydrogenase, α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, and branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase complexes less functional than normal Because heart muscle, skeletal muscle, and nervous tissue have high rates of ATP production from ...
... o Heart failure can be cause by dietary deficiency of thiamine; pyruvate dehydrogenase, α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, and branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase complexes less functional than normal Because heart muscle, skeletal muscle, and nervous tissue have high rates of ATP production from ...
131110 COS ATP - Community of Reason
... Energy is defined as the capacity to do work, i.e. to move matter. Cells, tissues and organisms need energy for a variety of processes ...
... Energy is defined as the capacity to do work, i.e. to move matter. Cells, tissues and organisms need energy for a variety of processes ...
oxidation
... Stage 3: Oxidative phosphorylation – involves electrons carried by NADH and FADH2, – shuttles these electrons to the electron transport chain embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane, – involves chemiosmosis, and – generates ATP through oxidative phosphorylation associated with chemiosmosis. ...
... Stage 3: Oxidative phosphorylation – involves electrons carried by NADH and FADH2, – shuttles these electrons to the electron transport chain embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane, – involves chemiosmosis, and – generates ATP through oxidative phosphorylation associated with chemiosmosis. ...
Metabolism Teaching Notes ***Print off slides 7,12,13, 16, 20, 23, 24
... The sunlight is absorbed in the ecosystem and converted to energy by the process of photosynthesis. The Calvin Cycle, or dark reactions, fix CO2 into carbohydrates. Plants fix carbon and to make glucose and expire oxygen. Then glucose and oxygen is used to make ATP in cellular respiration, much like ...
... The sunlight is absorbed in the ecosystem and converted to energy by the process of photosynthesis. The Calvin Cycle, or dark reactions, fix CO2 into carbohydrates. Plants fix carbon and to make glucose and expire oxygen. Then glucose and oxygen is used to make ATP in cellular respiration, much like ...
Photosynthetic Reactions
... another Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate to continue the cycle. This cycle is powered by the NADPH and ATP that were synthesized in the light dependent reactions. These processes usually occur simultaneously and the enzymes in both reactions are sensitive to fluctuations in molecular concentrations of each ...
... another Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate to continue the cycle. This cycle is powered by the NADPH and ATP that were synthesized in the light dependent reactions. These processes usually occur simultaneously and the enzymes in both reactions are sensitive to fluctuations in molecular concentrations of each ...
BIS103-002 (Spring 2008) - UC Davis Plant Sciences
... What is the biochemical reason for the different end products in the two tissues? (2 pts) Glucose-6-P phosphatase in the liver produces glucose from G6P, an intermediate of glycogen degradation. However, this enzyme (G6P phosphatase) is not present in skeletal muscles. Therefore, in skeletal muscles ...
... What is the biochemical reason for the different end products in the two tissues? (2 pts) Glucose-6-P phosphatase in the liver produces glucose from G6P, an intermediate of glycogen degradation. However, this enzyme (G6P phosphatase) is not present in skeletal muscles. Therefore, in skeletal muscles ...
ETC_2012 Quiz
... 2 ATPS /mol of FADH2 oxidized • __ • The remaining energy is lost as heat or used for ancillary reactions ...
... 2 ATPS /mol of FADH2 oxidized • __ • The remaining energy is lost as heat or used for ancillary reactions ...
Response to Review of ANS 495 595
... Next, students cannot, at present, enroll in a course entitled “Physiological Chemistry” at Oregon State University. This is what was meant by “physiological chemistry is a subject that is not taught at OSU.” This statement was made within the context of a course proposal as opposed to a summary of ...
... Next, students cannot, at present, enroll in a course entitled “Physiological Chemistry” at Oregon State University. This is what was meant by “physiological chemistry is a subject that is not taught at OSU.” This statement was made within the context of a course proposal as opposed to a summary of ...
The FAH Fold Meets the Krebs Cycle
... domain of FAHD1 and other members of the FAH family [9]. This process yielded the prokaryotic enzyme Cg1458 as a promising candidate, previously identified as a soluble ODx [2].Subsequent in vitro analysis of purified recombinant human FAHD1 confirmed that it indeed exhibits ODx activity. Interestin ...
... domain of FAHD1 and other members of the FAH family [9]. This process yielded the prokaryotic enzyme Cg1458 as a promising candidate, previously identified as a soluble ODx [2].Subsequent in vitro analysis of purified recombinant human FAHD1 confirmed that it indeed exhibits ODx activity. Interestin ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.