PowerPoint Presentation - Ch. 6 Cellular Respiration
... excellent source of fuel? • The many hydrogen atoms covalently bonded to carbon, that the cell can break for energy, and of course the many energy rich electrons. • Can fats be used in cellular respiration? • Yes, by being converted to intermediates. ...
... excellent source of fuel? • The many hydrogen atoms covalently bonded to carbon, that the cell can break for energy, and of course the many energy rich electrons. • Can fats be used in cellular respiration? • Yes, by being converted to intermediates. ...
Guided reading Ch 9- ENERGY IN A CELL
... c. All the NADH and FADH2 molecules made during glycolysis and the citric acid cycle drop their electrons onto the electron carrier proteins in the _______________ mitochondrial membrane. As the electrons go down from protein to protein, energy is released and used to actively pump ______ ions from ...
... c. All the NADH and FADH2 molecules made during glycolysis and the citric acid cycle drop their electrons onto the electron carrier proteins in the _______________ mitochondrial membrane. As the electrons go down from protein to protein, energy is released and used to actively pump ______ ions from ...
ENERGY SYSTEMS
... These are then carried down the Electron Transport Chain where hydrogen is split into H+ and e This takes place in the cristae of the mitochondria ...
... These are then carried down the Electron Transport Chain where hydrogen is split into H+ and e This takes place in the cristae of the mitochondria ...
Regulation of Glycolysis
... Because the principle function of glycolysis is to produce ATP, it must be regulated so that ATP is generated only when needed. The enzyme which controls the flux of metabolites through the glycolytic pathway is phosphofructokinase (PFK-1). PFK-1 is an allosteric enzyme that occupies the key regulat ...
... Because the principle function of glycolysis is to produce ATP, it must be regulated so that ATP is generated only when needed. The enzyme which controls the flux of metabolites through the glycolytic pathway is phosphofructokinase (PFK-1). PFK-1 is an allosteric enzyme that occupies the key regulat ...
Ch. 8 Review Sheet
... 1. It requires oxygen. 2. It does not require oxygen. 3. It requires energy input from 2 ATP. 4. It can produce a net of 38 ATP. 5. It can produce a net of 2 ATP. 6. It is important in baking and brewing. 7. It causes the pain of muscle fatigue. ...
... 1. It requires oxygen. 2. It does not require oxygen. 3. It requires energy input from 2 ATP. 4. It can produce a net of 38 ATP. 5. It can produce a net of 2 ATP. 6. It is important in baking and brewing. 7. It causes the pain of muscle fatigue. ...
Cell Metabolism - Florida International University
... Also known as the Krebs Cycle Series of metabolic reactions catalyzed by many enzymes inside the mitochondria. For each glucose molecule, end products are ...
... Also known as the Krebs Cycle Series of metabolic reactions catalyzed by many enzymes inside the mitochondria. For each glucose molecule, end products are ...
Name Date Period 1. What are the end products of aerobic cell
... Pyruvate joining with coenzyme A to produce CO2 and NADH + H+ ...
... Pyruvate joining with coenzyme A to produce CO2 and NADH + H+ ...
2.1 Molecules and metabolism
... • Anabolism is the synthesis of complex molecules from simpler molecules including the formation of macromolecules from monomers by condensation reactions. • Catabolism is the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler molecules including the hydrolysis of macromolecules into monomers. Applications ...
... • Anabolism is the synthesis of complex molecules from simpler molecules including the formation of macromolecules from monomers by condensation reactions. • Catabolism is the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler molecules including the hydrolysis of macromolecules into monomers. Applications ...
Cellular Respiration I - hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca
... 3.7.2 State that, in cell respiration, glucose in the cytoplasm is broken down by glycolysis into pyruvate, with a small yield of ATP. 3.7.3 Explain that, during anaerobic cell respiration, pyruvate can be converted in the cytoplasm into lactate, or ethanol and carbon dioxide, with no further yield ...
... 3.7.2 State that, in cell respiration, glucose in the cytoplasm is broken down by glycolysis into pyruvate, with a small yield of ATP. 3.7.3 Explain that, during anaerobic cell respiration, pyruvate can be converted in the cytoplasm into lactate, or ethanol and carbon dioxide, with no further yield ...
Other Pathways of Carbohydrate Metabolism Gluconeogenesis
... Gluconeogenesis provides new glucose from noncarbohydrate precursors (lactate, pyruvate, glycerol, citric acid cycle intermediates, carbon skeletons of amino acids except leucine and lysine) All must be converted to oxaloacetate Note: No pathway in animals for net conversion of acetylCoA to oxaloace ...
... Gluconeogenesis provides new glucose from noncarbohydrate precursors (lactate, pyruvate, glycerol, citric acid cycle intermediates, carbon skeletons of amino acids except leucine and lysine) All must be converted to oxaloacetate Note: No pathway in animals for net conversion of acetylCoA to oxaloace ...
Cellular Respiration Part V: Anaerobic Respiration and Fermentation
... • In lactic acid fermentation, pyruvate is reduced to NADH, forming lactate as an end product, with no release of CO2 • Lactic acid fermentation by some fungi and bacteria is used to make cheese and yogurt • Human muscle cells use lactic acid fermentation to generate ATP when O2 is scarce ...
... • In lactic acid fermentation, pyruvate is reduced to NADH, forming lactate as an end product, with no release of CO2 • Lactic acid fermentation by some fungi and bacteria is used to make cheese and yogurt • Human muscle cells use lactic acid fermentation to generate ATP when O2 is scarce ...
Chapter 16 Glycolysis Control of glycolytic pathway
... in two steps: the highly exergonic oxidation of carbon 1 in GAP to an acid, and the highly endergonic formation of glyceraldehyde 1, 3-bisphosphate from the acid. These two reaction are linked by the formation of an energy-rich thioester in the active site of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase ...
... in two steps: the highly exergonic oxidation of carbon 1 in GAP to an acid, and the highly endergonic formation of glyceraldehyde 1, 3-bisphosphate from the acid. These two reaction are linked by the formation of an energy-rich thioester in the active site of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase ...
Ch.24Pt.7_000
... Degradation of these carbon skeletons may take several different pathways: Amino acid C skeletons that degrade to form a Krebs cycle intermediate can then be used to make glucose via gluconeogenesis. These are called Glucogenic Amino Acids. Amino acid C skeletons that degrade to form acetyl CoA or A ...
... Degradation of these carbon skeletons may take several different pathways: Amino acid C skeletons that degrade to form a Krebs cycle intermediate can then be used to make glucose via gluconeogenesis. These are called Glucogenic Amino Acids. Amino acid C skeletons that degrade to form acetyl CoA or A ...
2106lecture 11a powerpoint
... Glycolysis is the quickest way to make ATP Lactic acid is endproduct (enzyme implications) Two hydrogens transferred to pyruvate thus making lactate- This results in the freeing of NAD to participate further in making ATP-but relatively small amount of ATP synthesis ...
... Glycolysis is the quickest way to make ATP Lactic acid is endproduct (enzyme implications) Two hydrogens transferred to pyruvate thus making lactate- This results in the freeing of NAD to participate further in making ATP-but relatively small amount of ATP synthesis ...
biochem study guide
... 7. Differentiate between the various levels of protein structure-primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary. Explain why proteins are so sensitive to changes in temperature and pH. 8. Diagram an individual nucleotide, identify the five-carbon sugar, the phosphate group and the nitrogenous base. 9. ...
... 7. Differentiate between the various levels of protein structure-primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary. Explain why proteins are so sensitive to changes in temperature and pH. 8. Diagram an individual nucleotide, identify the five-carbon sugar, the phosphate group and the nitrogenous base. 9. ...
Electron Transport Chain, Oxidative phosphorylation and Pentose
... b. A small amount of H+ leak back into mitochondria. 21. How many moles of ATP will be generated from one mole of sucrose in the subject taking DNP as diet pill? 8 ATP DNP (dinitrophenol) acts as an un-coupler, destroys the H+ gradient, therefore, ATP generation by Oxidative phosphoylation is stoppe ...
... b. A small amount of H+ leak back into mitochondria. 21. How many moles of ATP will be generated from one mole of sucrose in the subject taking DNP as diet pill? 8 ATP DNP (dinitrophenol) acts as an un-coupler, destroys the H+ gradient, therefore, ATP generation by Oxidative phosphoylation is stoppe ...
File
... Hemoglobin in red blood cells acts as a buffer by preventing a drop in pH of the blood. It is a tertiary protein that bonds to iron, which gives it its red hue when carrying oxygen. ...
... Hemoglobin in red blood cells acts as a buffer by preventing a drop in pH of the blood. It is a tertiary protein that bonds to iron, which gives it its red hue when carrying oxygen. ...
Cell Physiology
... • Occurs in two principal steps: – Matrix reactions – controlling enzymes are in the fluid of the mitochondrial matrix – Membrane reactions - controlling enzymes are bound to the membranes of the mitochondrial cristae ...
... • Occurs in two principal steps: – Matrix reactions – controlling enzymes are in the fluid of the mitochondrial matrix – Membrane reactions - controlling enzymes are bound to the membranes of the mitochondrial cristae ...
A2 Aerobic respiration Link reaction Glucose cannot cross the
... _____________ or the formation of the proton gradient they stop ATP synthesis. In this situation electrons cannot be passed to ___________, so it is not used up. Also as energy cannot be passed to generate ATP it is lost as _______, warming the surroundings further. In the presence of inhibitors, ce ...
... _____________ or the formation of the proton gradient they stop ATP synthesis. In this situation electrons cannot be passed to ___________, so it is not used up. Also as energy cannot be passed to generate ATP it is lost as _______, warming the surroundings further. In the presence of inhibitors, ce ...
1. Amino acids are joined together by peptide bonds to form
... a. The temperature of the solution decreases b. The temperature of the solution increases c. The volume of the solution increases d. The solution becomes cloudy 3. Exergonic reactions utilize ________ to do work and become ___________. a. Kinetic energy, more stable b. Kinetic Energy, less stable c. ...
... a. The temperature of the solution decreases b. The temperature of the solution increases c. The volume of the solution increases d. The solution becomes cloudy 3. Exergonic reactions utilize ________ to do work and become ___________. a. Kinetic energy, more stable b. Kinetic Energy, less stable c. ...
Nutrition & Metabolism
... Proteins are converted into substances than can enter the Kreb’s cycle by deamination - loss of (NH2) from amino group decarboxylation - loss of CO2 molecule dehydrogenation - loss of hydrogen ...
... Proteins are converted into substances than can enter the Kreb’s cycle by deamination - loss of (NH2) from amino group decarboxylation - loss of CO2 molecule dehydrogenation - loss of hydrogen ...
D-Glucose is a carbohydrate which can be classified as which of the
... 17. Why do eukaryotic cells have a slightly lower ATP yield for the aerobic metabolism of glucose than prokaryotic cells? (3 points) The electron shuttle is needed to get high energy electrons from glycolysis to the mitochondria. This effectively swaps an NADH for a FADH2, which has a lower ATP yiel ...
... 17. Why do eukaryotic cells have a slightly lower ATP yield for the aerobic metabolism of glucose than prokaryotic cells? (3 points) The electron shuttle is needed to get high energy electrons from glycolysis to the mitochondria. This effectively swaps an NADH for a FADH2, which has a lower ATP yiel ...
glycolysis4bio
... • Glycolysis’ net equation is this: Glucose + 2 ATP + 2 NAD+ -------------> 2 Pyruvic acid + 4 ATP + 2 NADH + 2 H+ • Pyruvic acid is 3 carbon molecule. NAD+ is a compound that accepts electrons so that they may be used elsewhere (similar to NADP+ in photosynthesis). ...
... • Glycolysis’ net equation is this: Glucose + 2 ATP + 2 NAD+ -------------> 2 Pyruvic acid + 4 ATP + 2 NADH + 2 H+ • Pyruvic acid is 3 carbon molecule. NAD+ is a compound that accepts electrons so that they may be used elsewhere (similar to NADP+ in photosynthesis). ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.