Chapter 5b Cell Respiration
... 19. Two electron carriers NADH and FADH 2 are made in the Krebs cycle. These electron carriers store as much energy as glucose and Pyruvate. 20. The electron carriers, NADH and FADH 2, move from the Krebs cycle to the Electron Transport Chain, the third step of aerobic respiration. 21. Where does th ...
... 19. Two electron carriers NADH and FADH 2 are made in the Krebs cycle. These electron carriers store as much energy as glucose and Pyruvate. 20. The electron carriers, NADH and FADH 2, move from the Krebs cycle to the Electron Transport Chain, the third step of aerobic respiration. 21. Where does th ...
Chapter 9. Cellular Respiration STAGE 1: Glycolysis
... transfer energy from organic molecules to ATP still is starting point for ALL cellular respiration ...
... transfer energy from organic molecules to ATP still is starting point for ALL cellular respiration ...
Ch. 7 Cellular Respiration
... 2. The 6 carbon molecule that is formed is split into two three carbon molecules of PGAL. The 2 PGAL molecules are oxidized (each loses an electron) These electrons combine with NAD+ to form a new high energy compound called NADH (similar to NADP+) 3. The 4 phosphate groups that were added are now r ...
... 2. The 6 carbon molecule that is formed is split into two three carbon molecules of PGAL. The 2 PGAL molecules are oxidized (each loses an electron) These electrons combine with NAD+ to form a new high energy compound called NADH (similar to NADP+) 3. The 4 phosphate groups that were added are now r ...
Lecture Test 3 Review Sheet Chapter 6 Be able to define energy
... Understand the first and second laws of thermodynamics, and what the term entropy means. Know the definition of metabolism, anabolism, and catabolism. Know the difference between and endergonic and exergonic reaction. Know what ATP is, and how it is used to drive endergonic reactions using “coupled” ...
... Understand the first and second laws of thermodynamics, and what the term entropy means. Know the definition of metabolism, anabolism, and catabolism. Know the difference between and endergonic and exergonic reaction. Know what ATP is, and how it is used to drive endergonic reactions using “coupled” ...
Lecture: Biochemistry
... insulin - regulates blood glucose level ii. growth hormone - regulates human growth e. Neurotransmitter i. enkephalins - regulate pain in spinal cord f. Immunity i. antibodies - attach to foreign molecules ii. complement proteins - enhance response 4. Enzymes and Enzyme Function a. enzyme - a protei ...
... insulin - regulates blood glucose level ii. growth hormone - regulates human growth e. Neurotransmitter i. enkephalins - regulate pain in spinal cord f. Immunity i. antibodies - attach to foreign molecules ii. complement proteins - enhance response 4. Enzymes and Enzyme Function a. enzyme - a protei ...
Cell Energy
... glycolysis goes through a series of reactions releasing 2 ATP, 8 NADH, 2 FADH2 & CO2. • The molecules of NADH, FADH2 (electron carriers) is now transported to the electron transport chain to produce more ATP. • The cycle must go around 2 times, once for each pyruvate. ...
... glycolysis goes through a series of reactions releasing 2 ATP, 8 NADH, 2 FADH2 & CO2. • The molecules of NADH, FADH2 (electron carriers) is now transported to the electron transport chain to produce more ATP. • The cycle must go around 2 times, once for each pyruvate. ...
File
... There are 20 amino acids that are known to be used to create proteins Humans can only make 10 of those The other 10 must be taken in through diet essential ...
... There are 20 amino acids that are known to be used to create proteins Humans can only make 10 of those The other 10 must be taken in through diet essential ...
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
... Two different means of ATP production: 2. Oxidative phosphorylation (Chemiosmosis): Generates ...
... Two different means of ATP production: 2. Oxidative phosphorylation (Chemiosmosis): Generates ...
LP - Columbia University
... Does E. coli have access to oxygen? In the lab, yes. We vigorously and constantly shake the E. coli cultures on mechanical shakers to get air dissolved in the culture medium to provide a constant source of oxygen, called an AEROBIC state. In the gut, sometimes yes, sometimes no (crowded). Do our own ...
... Does E. coli have access to oxygen? In the lab, yes. We vigorously and constantly shake the E. coli cultures on mechanical shakers to get air dissolved in the culture medium to provide a constant source of oxygen, called an AEROBIC state. In the gut, sometimes yes, sometimes no (crowded). Do our own ...
Unit 3 - Energy Systems and Muscle Fibres
... •Is important as it provides the highest rate of ATP synthesis that cannot be matched by other, more complex energy systems •Recovery Period of PC 2-5 min – requires ATP to resynthesize PC ...
... •Is important as it provides the highest rate of ATP synthesis that cannot be matched by other, more complex energy systems •Recovery Period of PC 2-5 min – requires ATP to resynthesize PC ...
Sample exam
... 14. Which molecules drawn above would you attribute the property of amphipathic. 15. Which processes below consume more energy than they produce? (consume ATP, NADPH etc ) Gluconeogenesis Glycolysis Citric acid cycle Cholesterol synthesis Pentose phosphate pathway Fatty acid oxidation Fatty acid bio ...
... 14. Which molecules drawn above would you attribute the property of amphipathic. 15. Which processes below consume more energy than they produce? (consume ATP, NADPH etc ) Gluconeogenesis Glycolysis Citric acid cycle Cholesterol synthesis Pentose phosphate pathway Fatty acid oxidation Fatty acid bio ...
how cells obtain energy from food
... animal cells. A very similar pathway also operates in plants, fungi, and many bacteria. As we shall see, the oxidation of fatty acids is equally important for cells. other molecules, such as proteins, can also serve as energy sourceswhen they are funneled through appropriate enzymatic pathways. ...
... animal cells. A very similar pathway also operates in plants, fungi, and many bacteria. As we shall see, the oxidation of fatty acids is equally important for cells. other molecules, such as proteins, can also serve as energy sourceswhen they are funneled through appropriate enzymatic pathways. ...
Q-cytochrome c oxidoreductase
... The NADH and FADH2 formed in glycolysis, fatty acid oxidation, and the citric acid cycle are energy-rich molecules because each contains a pair of electrons having a high transfer potential. When these electrons are used to reduce molecular oxygen to water, a large amount of free energy is liberate ...
... The NADH and FADH2 formed in glycolysis, fatty acid oxidation, and the citric acid cycle are energy-rich molecules because each contains a pair of electrons having a high transfer potential. When these electrons are used to reduce molecular oxygen to water, a large amount of free energy is liberate ...
EOC Biology Review (eoc_biology_review_for_honors)
... assignment, but definitely did not finish multiple sections ...
... assignment, but definitely did not finish multiple sections ...
Biochemistry II : metabolic pathways and their regulation
... Bioenergetics basic concepts; transport across biological membranes, glycolysis and fermentation, phosphogluconate pathway, gluconeogenesis, degradation and synthesis of glycogen, Krebs cycle, glyoxylate cycle, respiratory chain and oxidative phosphorylation, lipid b-oxidation and synthesis, urea cy ...
... Bioenergetics basic concepts; transport across biological membranes, glycolysis and fermentation, phosphogluconate pathway, gluconeogenesis, degradation and synthesis of glycogen, Krebs cycle, glyoxylate cycle, respiratory chain and oxidative phosphorylation, lipid b-oxidation and synthesis, urea cy ...
The Citric Acid Cycle
... step, and the second at the malate synthase step. The reactions catalyzed by isocitrate lyase and malate synthase bypass the three citric acid cycle steps between isocitrate and succinate so that the two carbons lost in the citric acid cycle are saved, resulting in the net synthesis of oxaloacetate. ...
... step, and the second at the malate synthase step. The reactions catalyzed by isocitrate lyase and malate synthase bypass the three citric acid cycle steps between isocitrate and succinate so that the two carbons lost in the citric acid cycle are saved, resulting in the net synthesis of oxaloacetate. ...
Lecture: Biochemistry I. Inorganic Compounds A. Water (H2O)
... i. insulin - regulates blood glucose level ii. growth hormone - regulates human growth e. Neurotransmitter i. enkephalins - regulate pain in spinal cord f. Immunity i. antibodies - attach to foreign molecules ii. complement proteins - enhance response 4. Enzymes and Enzyme Function a. enzyme - a pro ...
... i. insulin - regulates blood glucose level ii. growth hormone - regulates human growth e. Neurotransmitter i. enkephalins - regulate pain in spinal cord f. Immunity i. antibodies - attach to foreign molecules ii. complement proteins - enhance response 4. Enzymes and Enzyme Function a. enzyme - a pro ...
Biochemistry Metabolic pathways - Limes-Institut-Bonn
... • Stores glycogen that can be made into glucose-6-phosphate, then glucose. • Makes glucose by gluconeogenesis (from pyruvate, de novo). • Synthesizes FA, cholesterol and bile salts. • Produces ketone bodies but cannot use them (no CoA transferase in the liver) • Only the liver and kidneys contain gl ...
... • Stores glycogen that can be made into glucose-6-phosphate, then glucose. • Makes glucose by gluconeogenesis (from pyruvate, de novo). • Synthesizes FA, cholesterol and bile salts. • Produces ketone bodies but cannot use them (no CoA transferase in the liver) • Only the liver and kidneys contain gl ...
File
... 2. Seedless/ Vascular(transport food and water)- ferns. These are the most well represented of the seedless plants. Most ferns have fronds, compound leaves divided into several leaflets. As the frond develops it uncoils from a structure called a fiddle head. 3. Gymnosperms: As the climate began to d ...
... 2. Seedless/ Vascular(transport food and water)- ferns. These are the most well represented of the seedless plants. Most ferns have fronds, compound leaves divided into several leaflets. As the frond develops it uncoils from a structure called a fiddle head. 3. Gymnosperms: As the climate began to d ...
Cycles of Matter in the Biosphere
... Carbon is found in all living organisms on Earth The most common exchange of Carbon is between plants and animals though there are Four Main Ways Carbon is recycled in the ...
... Carbon is found in all living organisms on Earth The most common exchange of Carbon is between plants and animals though there are Four Main Ways Carbon is recycled in the ...
Skills Worksheet
... 25. ATP is a nucleotide made up of a chain of three phosphate groups (adenosine triphosphate). This molecule temporarily stores energy; it can be made in one part of a cell and can be easily transferred to another part of the cell, where it can be used to release energy through the removal of one ph ...
... 25. ATP is a nucleotide made up of a chain of three phosphate groups (adenosine triphosphate). This molecule temporarily stores energy; it can be made in one part of a cell and can be easily transferred to another part of the cell, where it can be used to release energy through the removal of one ph ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.