Slide 1
... 2x 3C 6C – ancient pathway which harvests energy • where energy transfer first evolved • transfer energy from organic molecules to ATP • still is starting point for ALL cellular respiration ...
... 2x 3C 6C – ancient pathway which harvests energy • where energy transfer first evolved • transfer energy from organic molecules to ATP • still is starting point for ALL cellular respiration ...
Lecture 7: Metabolic Regulation - University of California, Berkeley
... The inner membrane folds to create cristae, increasing surface area for enzymes involved in the electron transport chain. The internal space is the mitochondrial matrix, where CAC occurs. Cellular respiration. Aerobic catabolism takes place in mitochondria. Glucose + O2 CO2 + H2O + Work + Heat Oxi ...
... The inner membrane folds to create cristae, increasing surface area for enzymes involved in the electron transport chain. The internal space is the mitochondrial matrix, where CAC occurs. Cellular respiration. Aerobic catabolism takes place in mitochondria. Glucose + O2 CO2 + H2O + Work + Heat Oxi ...
18_Energy metabolism. Biological oxidation. Chemiosmotic theory
... Mitochondrial Electron Transport ...
... Mitochondrial Electron Transport ...
(ATP). - WordPress.com
... Organisms cannot use glucose directly, it must be broken down into smaller units. This process in living things begins with glycolysis. If oxygen is present, glycolysis is followed by the Krebs Cycle and electron transport chain – This is called Cellular Respiration ...
... Organisms cannot use glucose directly, it must be broken down into smaller units. This process in living things begins with glycolysis. If oxygen is present, glycolysis is followed by the Krebs Cycle and electron transport chain – This is called Cellular Respiration ...
GLUCOSE HOMEOSTASIS – I: Brief Review of: AEROBIC
... Energy metabolism with emphasis on Glycolysis What is Glycolysis? • Glycolysis is a: • Major metabolic pathway for Energy production via degradation of Glucose and other Monosaccharides; • Unique pathway because it can occur: • In the presence of O2 (Aerobic Glycolysis) in cells that contain mitoch ...
... Energy metabolism with emphasis on Glycolysis What is Glycolysis? • Glycolysis is a: • Major metabolic pathway for Energy production via degradation of Glucose and other Monosaccharides; • Unique pathway because it can occur: • In the presence of O2 (Aerobic Glycolysis) in cells that contain mitoch ...
Organic Chemistry Study Guide Organic Compounds: Covalent
... biopolymers, or large biomolecules, essential for all known forms of life. Nucleic acids, which include DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid), are made from monomers known as nucleotides. ...
... biopolymers, or large biomolecules, essential for all known forms of life. Nucleic acids, which include DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid), are made from monomers known as nucleotides. ...
Principles of BIOCHEMISTRY - Illinois State University
... Chapter 13 - The Citric Acid Cycle • The citric acid cycle is involved in the aerobic catabolism of carbohydrates, lipids and amino acids ...
... Chapter 13 - The Citric Acid Cycle • The citric acid cycle is involved in the aerobic catabolism of carbohydrates, lipids and amino acids ...
Prezentace aplikace PowerPoint
... Serine is deaminated by serine dehydratase to form pyruvate + NH4+ in a reaction which doesn't involve the transaminase but does use pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) as a reactive group. Similarly, threonine can be dehydrated and deaminated to yield pyruvate. Glycine can be converted to serine for degradat ...
... Serine is deaminated by serine dehydratase to form pyruvate + NH4+ in a reaction which doesn't involve the transaminase but does use pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) as a reactive group. Similarly, threonine can be dehydrated and deaminated to yield pyruvate. Glycine can be converted to serine for degradat ...
Cellular respiration 1
... MITOCHONDRIA = cell power plant Surrounded by ___________ DOUBLE membrane Outer membrane & Inner membrane CRISTAE (called _______________ ...
... MITOCHONDRIA = cell power plant Surrounded by ___________ DOUBLE membrane Outer membrane & Inner membrane CRISTAE (called _______________ ...
Chapter 15 Metabolism: Basic concepts and design Part Ⅰ
... Utilize chemical energy generated by phototrophs ion gradient: other types of chemical energy, nerve impulses, etc. mechanical energy: muscle contraction and movement synthesis biomolecules ...
... Utilize chemical energy generated by phototrophs ion gradient: other types of chemical energy, nerve impulses, etc. mechanical energy: muscle contraction and movement synthesis biomolecules ...
Energy Photosynthesis Respiration Summary
... anything that affects enzymes also affects photosynthesis, including; • Light intensity (can differ for different plants, canopy verses forest floor plants), no photosynthesis in the dark! • Temperature (most plants have an optimum range) • CO2 concentration (substrate concentration) • Low water ava ...
... anything that affects enzymes also affects photosynthesis, including; • Light intensity (can differ for different plants, canopy verses forest floor plants), no photosynthesis in the dark! • Temperature (most plants have an optimum range) • CO2 concentration (substrate concentration) • Low water ava ...
Aerobic respiration
... NAD NADH (Reduced/Oxidized) Carried to ETC : at Glycolysis, Krebs cycle NADH NAD (Reduced/Oxidized) : at ETC ( Electron Transport Chain ) *The more reduced = the more energy it holds. ...
... NAD NADH (Reduced/Oxidized) Carried to ETC : at Glycolysis, Krebs cycle NADH NAD (Reduced/Oxidized) : at ETC ( Electron Transport Chain ) *The more reduced = the more energy it holds. ...
CfE Higher Human Biology Unit 1 Human Cells
... Learning Outcomes/Success Criteria Unit 1 CfE Higher Human Biology I can describe that stem cells are unspecialised cells that can divide and can ...
... Learning Outcomes/Success Criteria Unit 1 CfE Higher Human Biology I can describe that stem cells are unspecialised cells that can divide and can ...
File
... 1. Carbonyl carbon of acetyl group to C2 of Malonyl-Acp, lose CO2 with malonyl carboxyl group 2. B-Ketone reduce using NADPH (from PPS) 3. Alchohol dehydrated double bond 4. Double bond reduced to butyryl-ACP from NADPH 5. Butyryl transferred to CE exposing ACP SH site to a 2 nd ...
... 1. Carbonyl carbon of acetyl group to C2 of Malonyl-Acp, lose CO2 with malonyl carboxyl group 2. B-Ketone reduce using NADPH (from PPS) 3. Alchohol dehydrated double bond 4. Double bond reduced to butyryl-ACP from NADPH 5. Butyryl transferred to CE exposing ACP SH site to a 2 nd ...
4 Classes of Large Biological Molecules Carbohydrates Lipids
... Has two fatty acids attached to a glycerol molecule The 3rd –OH group is attached to a phosphate group (- charge) Show ambivalent properties toward water Steroids Have C skeletons consisting of 4 rings, only variation come in functional groups Cholesterol: precursor from which many other steroids ar ...
... Has two fatty acids attached to a glycerol molecule The 3rd –OH group is attached to a phosphate group (- charge) Show ambivalent properties toward water Steroids Have C skeletons consisting of 4 rings, only variation come in functional groups Cholesterol: precursor from which many other steroids ar ...
Metabolic engineering Synthetic Biology
... Harder to transport than petrol Raise of global food prices • Need for high-energy fuel : Fatty-acid derived fuels Energy-rich molecule than ethanol Isolated from plant and animal oils • More economic route starting from renewable sources - Engineering E. coli to produce fatty esters(bio-disel ...
... Harder to transport than petrol Raise of global food prices • Need for high-energy fuel : Fatty-acid derived fuels Energy-rich molecule than ethanol Isolated from plant and animal oils • More economic route starting from renewable sources - Engineering E. coli to produce fatty esters(bio-disel ...
Ch2
... • Energy substrate for prolonged, less intense exercise – High net ATP yield but slow ATP production – Must be broken down into free fatty acids (FFAs) and glycerol – Only FFAs are used to make ATP ...
... • Energy substrate for prolonged, less intense exercise – High net ATP yield but slow ATP production – Must be broken down into free fatty acids (FFAs) and glycerol – Only FFAs are used to make ATP ...
Nutrients are chemical substances in food that provide energy, form
... Hypervitaminosis refers to an excess of one or more vitamins. Hypovitaminosis refers to a deficiency of one or more vitamins. On the basis of solubility, vitamins are divided into two principal groups, fat soluble and water soluble. Heat is a form of energy that can be measured as temperature and ex ...
... Hypervitaminosis refers to an excess of one or more vitamins. Hypovitaminosis refers to a deficiency of one or more vitamins. On the basis of solubility, vitamins are divided into two principal groups, fat soluble and water soluble. Heat is a form of energy that can be measured as temperature and ex ...
Remediation/Corrections Packet
... Lipids are large, nonpolar (won't dissolve in water) molecules. Phospholipids make up cell membranes. Lipids also serve as waxy coverings and steroids. Lipids have more carbon and hydrogen atoms than oxygen atoms. Fats are made of a glycerol (alcohol) and three fatty acid chains. This subunit is ca ...
... Lipids are large, nonpolar (won't dissolve in water) molecules. Phospholipids make up cell membranes. Lipids also serve as waxy coverings and steroids. Lipids have more carbon and hydrogen atoms than oxygen atoms. Fats are made of a glycerol (alcohol) and three fatty acid chains. This subunit is ca ...
SL respiration presentation
... Which process produces the most ATP per molecule of glucose? A. Anaerobic respiration in a yeast cell B. Aerobic respiration in a bacterial cell C. Glycolysis in a human liver cell D. The formation of lactic acid in a human muscle cell ...
... Which process produces the most ATP per molecule of glucose? A. Anaerobic respiration in a yeast cell B. Aerobic respiration in a bacterial cell C. Glycolysis in a human liver cell D. The formation of lactic acid in a human muscle cell ...
8_3bio
... • Cells use electron carrier molecules to transport high-energy electrons from chlorophyll to other molecules. ...
... • Cells use electron carrier molecules to transport high-energy electrons from chlorophyll to other molecules. ...
CM 65% IL red
... Enzymes are protein molecules that act as biological catalysts. Cells contain thousands of different enzymes to control the functions of the cell. Enzymes must physically fit a specific substrate(s) to work properly. The place where a substrate fits an enzyme to be catalyzed is called the active sit ...
... Enzymes are protein molecules that act as biological catalysts. Cells contain thousands of different enzymes to control the functions of the cell. Enzymes must physically fit a specific substrate(s) to work properly. The place where a substrate fits an enzyme to be catalyzed is called the active sit ...
Organic Compounds
... – glucose, maltose, amylose, fructose, sucrose • The monomer of carbohydrates is the monosaccharide (one sugar) of which there are a number of types – glucose is the most biologically important • Carbon:Hydrogen:Oxygen in a 1:2:1 atomic ratio – glucose = C6H12O6 • Because they contain oxygen, they a ...
... – glucose, maltose, amylose, fructose, sucrose • The monomer of carbohydrates is the monosaccharide (one sugar) of which there are a number of types – glucose is the most biologically important • Carbon:Hydrogen:Oxygen in a 1:2:1 atomic ratio – glucose = C6H12O6 • Because they contain oxygen, they a ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.