Biomolecule
... to form macromolecules Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids are called macromolecules because of their large size The largest macromolecules are polymers because they are constructed of many subunits called monomers ...
... to form macromolecules Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids are called macromolecules because of their large size The largest macromolecules are polymers because they are constructed of many subunits called monomers ...
Paracoccus denitrificans
... Lipids, proteins – used for energy Triglyceride glycerol + 3 fatty acids Exoenzyme - lipase Glycerol – dihydroxyacetone phosphate Goes into glycolysis Fatty acid many units of acetyl CoA Goes into Krebs cycle Proteins – amino acids – proteases AA – intermediates of glycolysis, Krebs cycle ...
... Lipids, proteins – used for energy Triglyceride glycerol + 3 fatty acids Exoenzyme - lipase Glycerol – dihydroxyacetone phosphate Goes into glycolysis Fatty acid many units of acetyl CoA Goes into Krebs cycle Proteins – amino acids – proteases AA – intermediates of glycolysis, Krebs cycle ...
Microbial metabolism
... difference between these two – also a note on this slide saying I just want them to know that for both SLP and OP the energy yielod is greatest for aerobic respiration, lowest for fermentation and intermediate for anaerobic respiration; and also that in fermentation there is ONLY substrate level pho ...
... difference between these two – also a note on this slide saying I just want them to know that for both SLP and OP the energy yielod is greatest for aerobic respiration, lowest for fermentation and intermediate for anaerobic respiration; and also that in fermentation there is ONLY substrate level pho ...
Biochemistry - english for biology
... pyruvate to lactate (lactic acid) (e. g. in humans) or to ethanol plus carbon dioxide (e. g. in yeast). Other monosaccharides like galactose and fructose can be converted into intermediates of the glycolytic pathway. Aerobic: In aerobic cells with sufficient oxygen, like most human cells, the pyruva ...
... pyruvate to lactate (lactic acid) (e. g. in humans) or to ethanol plus carbon dioxide (e. g. in yeast). Other monosaccharides like galactose and fructose can be converted into intermediates of the glycolytic pathway. Aerobic: In aerobic cells with sufficient oxygen, like most human cells, the pyruva ...
4.4 Overview of Cellular Respiration
... – two ATP molecules are used to split glucose – four ATP molecules are produced (2 net ATP) – two molecules of pyruvate (3 carbon molecule) produced – two molecules of NADH produced (energy carrier) The products of glycolysis enter cellular respiration when oxygen is available. ...
... – two ATP molecules are used to split glucose – four ATP molecules are produced (2 net ATP) – two molecules of pyruvate (3 carbon molecule) produced – two molecules of NADH produced (energy carrier) The products of glycolysis enter cellular respiration when oxygen is available. ...
Homework # 8 Energetics, Electron Transport
... reactions to produce CO2 and H2O? (Hint: do glycolyis and CAC) ...
... reactions to produce CO2 and H2O? (Hint: do glycolyis and CAC) ...
Polymers vs. monomers wkst. and concept map
... ________________________________________ 20. Your best friend tells you that they are deathly allergic to certain amino acids in food. Your mom has prepared dinner already, so you need to tell her not to serve what macromolecule to them? ...
... ________________________________________ 20. Your best friend tells you that they are deathly allergic to certain amino acids in food. Your mom has prepared dinner already, so you need to tell her not to serve what macromolecule to them? ...
Ions - RCSD
... • found in regions of space called electron shells (energy shells) • each shell can hold a limited number of electrons • for atoms with atomic numbers of 18 or less, the following rules apply: • the first shell can hold up to 2 electrons • the second shell can hold up to 8 electrons • the third shel ...
... • found in regions of space called electron shells (energy shells) • each shell can hold a limited number of electrons • for atoms with atomic numbers of 18 or less, the following rules apply: • the first shell can hold up to 2 electrons • the second shell can hold up to 8 electrons • the third shel ...
BIOANALYTICAL/CLINICAL ANALYSIS
... INSULIN ADDED TO TYPE 1(AT LAST STAGES TYPE 2= DRUGS GLUCOBAY/GLUCOPHARGE AT FIRST-ADSORBS GLUCOSE) INSULIN NORMALLY PRODUCED IN PANCREAS: -PROMOTES GLYCOGENESIS AND LIPOGENESIS - INCREASES PERMEABILITY ...
... INSULIN ADDED TO TYPE 1(AT LAST STAGES TYPE 2= DRUGS GLUCOBAY/GLUCOPHARGE AT FIRST-ADSORBS GLUCOSE) INSULIN NORMALLY PRODUCED IN PANCREAS: -PROMOTES GLYCOGENESIS AND LIPOGENESIS - INCREASES PERMEABILITY ...
FES 100 - Introduction to Forest Biology Exam 1: 100 points October
... If a water solution has a concentration of 10-10 mole of OH- ions, how many H+ ions does it ...
... If a water solution has a concentration of 10-10 mole of OH- ions, how many H+ ions does it ...
(pt=2) What is an acid?
... If a water solution has a concentration of 10-10 mole of OH- ions, how many H+ ions does it ...
... If a water solution has a concentration of 10-10 mole of OH- ions, how many H+ ions does it ...
Role of TCA cycle and glyoxylate shunt for succinic acid production
... extremely important role in the food and beverage industry. Because its ability to produce ethanol, via alcoholic fermentation of different sugars as carbon sources, it’s widely used for the industrial production of alcoholic beverages like beer, wine or sake. During the fermentation process CO2 is ...
... extremely important role in the food and beverage industry. Because its ability to produce ethanol, via alcoholic fermentation of different sugars as carbon sources, it’s widely used for the industrial production of alcoholic beverages like beer, wine or sake. During the fermentation process CO2 is ...
Biology First Semester Study Questions
... 11. DNA, RNA 12. DNA= heredity codes; RNA= protein synthesis 13. both 14. animal structures, enzymes, stores nutrients, defend against disease 15. both 16. speed up chemical reactions by lowering activation energy 17. Denaturation means an enzyme changes shape, making it useless. Two causes are heat ...
... 11. DNA, RNA 12. DNA= heredity codes; RNA= protein synthesis 13. both 14. animal structures, enzymes, stores nutrients, defend against disease 15. both 16. speed up chemical reactions by lowering activation energy 17. Denaturation means an enzyme changes shape, making it useless. Two causes are heat ...
Chapter 3: The Chemistry of Organic Molecules
... it to lose its conformation and hence its ability to function. If the denatured protein remains dissolved, it can often renature when the chemical and physical aspects of its environment are restored to normal. ...
... it to lose its conformation and hence its ability to function. If the denatured protein remains dissolved, it can often renature when the chemical and physical aspects of its environment are restored to normal. ...
Oxidative phosphorylation.
... A small amount of ATP by substrate – level phosphorylation. NADH (by transferring electrons from the substrate to NADH+) (The Krebs cycle also produces FADH2 by transferring electrons to FAD). ...
... A small amount of ATP by substrate – level phosphorylation. NADH (by transferring electrons from the substrate to NADH+) (The Krebs cycle also produces FADH2 by transferring electrons to FAD). ...
Cellular Respiration & Fermentation
... 6.9 The citric acid cycle completes the oxidation of organic fuel, generating many NADH and FADH2 molecules • In the citric acid cycle ...
... 6.9 The citric acid cycle completes the oxidation of organic fuel, generating many NADH and FADH2 molecules • In the citric acid cycle ...
ORGANELLE PACKET
... • Transcription- DNA is copied to make RNA to leave the nucleus to make proteins • Translation- RNA is read by a Ribosome to create the proteins for the body ...
... • Transcription- DNA is copied to make RNA to leave the nucleus to make proteins • Translation- RNA is read by a Ribosome to create the proteins for the body ...
Protein synthesis in the Liver and the Urea Cycle
... NAD in the forward reaction and NADP the other way. The forward reaction generates α ketoglutarate which is fed into the citric acid cycle and so hepatocytes are capable of upregulating GDH activity at times of energy depletion (at a cellular level at least). So as the illustration shows, ADP / GDP ...
... NAD in the forward reaction and NADP the other way. The forward reaction generates α ketoglutarate which is fed into the citric acid cycle and so hepatocytes are capable of upregulating GDH activity at times of energy depletion (at a cellular level at least). So as the illustration shows, ADP / GDP ...
Original
... Each nucleotide is made of three main components: a phosphate group, a five-carbon sugar, and a ring-shaped nitrogenous base. ...
... Each nucleotide is made of three main components: a phosphate group, a five-carbon sugar, and a ring-shaped nitrogenous base. ...
How Cells Harvest Chemical Energy
... 6.9 The citric acid cycle completes the oxidation of organic fuel, generating many NADH and FADH2 molecules • In the citric acid cycle ...
... 6.9 The citric acid cycle completes the oxidation of organic fuel, generating many NADH and FADH2 molecules • In the citric acid cycle ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.