Lipid Synthesis 1. Fatty acid synthesis
... Fatty acids are a more efficient form of energy storage than carbohydrates because they are less hydrated, as result of fewer hydroxyl groups being available for hydrogen bonding. The energy content of fat tissue is 38 kJ/gm compared to 17 kJ/gm for carbohydrates. The processes of fatty acid degrada ...
... Fatty acids are a more efficient form of energy storage than carbohydrates because they are less hydrated, as result of fewer hydroxyl groups being available for hydrogen bonding. The energy content of fat tissue is 38 kJ/gm compared to 17 kJ/gm for carbohydrates. The processes of fatty acid degrada ...
Energy Production - University of Massachusetts Amherst
... breakdown of protein – mostly from lean muscle) provides energy for biologic work. • VISA: using protein as energy supplements the ATP/PCr, glycogen and fatty acids that provide the majoroty of the ATP. ...
... breakdown of protein – mostly from lean muscle) provides energy for biologic work. • VISA: using protein as energy supplements the ATP/PCr, glycogen and fatty acids that provide the majoroty of the ATP. ...
Document
... 9.4 Oxidative phosphorylation, chemiosmosis couples electron transport to ATP synthesis Most of the ATP is produced in this Step of cell respiration! Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the Electron Transport chain without oxygen, the electron transport system gets backed up and shuts down. Che ...
... 9.4 Oxidative phosphorylation, chemiosmosis couples electron transport to ATP synthesis Most of the ATP is produced in this Step of cell respiration! Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the Electron Transport chain without oxygen, the electron transport system gets backed up and shuts down. Che ...
Name ______ Period ___________ Date ______ Cellular
... 1. What types of carbon-based molecules are most often broken down to make ATP? Explain how ATP production differs depending on the type of carbon-based molecule that is broken down. ...
... 1. What types of carbon-based molecules are most often broken down to make ATP? Explain how ATP production differs depending on the type of carbon-based molecule that is broken down. ...
Chapter 20 Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation
... Figure 20.34 (a) Apaf-1 is a multidomain protein, consisting of an N-terminal CARD, a nucleotidebinding and oligomerization domain (NOD), and several WD40 domains. (b) Binding of cytochrome c to the WD40 domains and ATP hydrolysis unlocks Apaf-1 to form the semi-open conformation. Nucleotide exchang ...
... Figure 20.34 (a) Apaf-1 is a multidomain protein, consisting of an N-terminal CARD, a nucleotidebinding and oligomerization domain (NOD), and several WD40 domains. (b) Binding of cytochrome c to the WD40 domains and ATP hydrolysis unlocks Apaf-1 to form the semi-open conformation. Nucleotide exchang ...
University of - Biochemistry at the University of Maryland, College Park
... [Pi] = (3 × 10−3) / [(10−3) (157) = 0.0191 M (not nearly as much) 5. (20 points) Glycolysis (a; 12 points) Listed below are three enzymes from the glycolysis pathway. For any two (your choice) of these enzymes, draw the complete structure (including all H atoms) of the reactants and products for the ...
... [Pi] = (3 × 10−3) / [(10−3) (157) = 0.0191 M (not nearly as much) 5. (20 points) Glycolysis (a; 12 points) Listed below are three enzymes from the glycolysis pathway. For any two (your choice) of these enzymes, draw the complete structure (including all H atoms) of the reactants and products for the ...
Biochem03 - Amit Kessel Ph.D
... E. Hexokinase. 15. The standard free energy change for a metabolic pathway: A. is positive for spontaneous pathways. B. is inversely proportional to the rate of the overall pathway. C. is lower in the presence of the pathway enzymes. D. is the sum of all the individual standard free energy values. E ...
... E. Hexokinase. 15. The standard free energy change for a metabolic pathway: A. is positive for spontaneous pathways. B. is inversely proportional to the rate of the overall pathway. C. is lower in the presence of the pathway enzymes. D. is the sum of all the individual standard free energy values. E ...
Cell respiration Practice
... 10) What types of molecules are broken down to make ATP? Which are most often broken down to make ATP? 11) Which type of organic compound supplies the most ATP to cells? 12) Describe how you do not get energy directly from the food that you eat. Read the following paragraph and answer the following ...
... 10) What types of molecules are broken down to make ATP? Which are most often broken down to make ATP? 11) Which type of organic compound supplies the most ATP to cells? 12) Describe how you do not get energy directly from the food that you eat. Read the following paragraph and answer the following ...
Lipids,proteins, and nucleic acids
... • Effects of temperature and pH – change reaction rate by altering enzyme shape – optimum: temp = body temp, pH = location of enzyme ...
... • Effects of temperature and pH – change reaction rate by altering enzyme shape – optimum: temp = body temp, pH = location of enzyme ...
Chapter 1 Notes
... Acetyl CoA will enter the Krebs cycle for further oxidation Krebs cycle - 8 steps, each catalyzed by a specific enzyme - Acetyl CoA (2C) enters, 2 CO2 (1C) leave, 3 NAD+ 3 NADH, 1 FAD 1 FADH2, 1 ADP 1 ATP ...
... Acetyl CoA will enter the Krebs cycle for further oxidation Krebs cycle - 8 steps, each catalyzed by a specific enzyme - Acetyl CoA (2C) enters, 2 CO2 (1C) leave, 3 NAD+ 3 NADH, 1 FAD 1 FADH2, 1 ADP 1 ATP ...
Chapter 1 Notes
... Acetyl CoA will enter the Krebs cycle for further oxidation Krebs cycle - 8 steps, each catalyzed by a specific enzyme - Acetyl CoA (2C) enters, 2 CO2 (1C) leave, 3 NAD+ 3 NADH, 1 FAD 1 FADH2, 1 ADP 1 ATP ...
... Acetyl CoA will enter the Krebs cycle for further oxidation Krebs cycle - 8 steps, each catalyzed by a specific enzyme - Acetyl CoA (2C) enters, 2 CO2 (1C) leave, 3 NAD+ 3 NADH, 1 FAD 1 FADH2, 1 ADP 1 ATP ...
Lipids,proteins, and nucleic acids
... • Effects of temperature and pH – change reaction rate by altering enzyme shape – optimum: temp = body temp, pH = location of enzyme ...
... • Effects of temperature and pH – change reaction rate by altering enzyme shape – optimum: temp = body temp, pH = location of enzyme ...
Cellular Respiration and Fermentation
... combines O2 with hydrogens (that is, electrons and protons) to form water. (See figure on next slide.) Which choice correctly describes the ultimate source of these hydrogens? a) The electrons are taken directly from the carbons of glucose, but the protons (H+) are taken from bulk water. b) These hy ...
... combines O2 with hydrogens (that is, electrons and protons) to form water. (See figure on next slide.) Which choice correctly describes the ultimate source of these hydrogens? a) The electrons are taken directly from the carbons of glucose, but the protons (H+) are taken from bulk water. b) These hy ...
biological_molecules_facts
... coiled forming a compact molecule. It is used for storage. Starch is tested with iodine solution, giving a blue-black colour change. Glycogen is a polysaccharide formed in animal cells. It is very branched. Cellulose is a polysaccharide formed from -glucose molecules. It has straight chains that ar ...
... coiled forming a compact molecule. It is used for storage. Starch is tested with iodine solution, giving a blue-black colour change. Glycogen is a polysaccharide formed in animal cells. It is very branched. Cellulose is a polysaccharide formed from -glucose molecules. It has straight chains that ar ...
lec4.Respiratory chain.mac2010-09
... formation complex located in the inner mitochondrial membrane 3. The oxidative phosphorylation is a coupling process between electron transport chain and ATP production 4. Mitochondrial apoptosis: the programmed cell death 5. The uncouplers and their role in thermogenesis. 6. Mutation in mitochondri ...
... formation complex located in the inner mitochondrial membrane 3. The oxidative phosphorylation is a coupling process between electron transport chain and ATP production 4. Mitochondrial apoptosis: the programmed cell death 5. The uncouplers and their role in thermogenesis. 6. Mutation in mitochondri ...
cell metabolism
... 2. High energy electrons are sent through a series of rxs. Electrons lose energy at each step. 3. Electrons ultimately passed to oxygen derived from inhaled air (i.e. O 2 = final e- acceptor). 4. Oxygen, which has gained electrons, combines with H+ (lost electrons) to form H 2O. 5. Energy released b ...
... 2. High energy electrons are sent through a series of rxs. Electrons lose energy at each step. 3. Electrons ultimately passed to oxygen derived from inhaled air (i.e. O 2 = final e- acceptor). 4. Oxygen, which has gained electrons, combines with H+ (lost electrons) to form H 2O. 5. Energy released b ...
Chapter 3 Review Questions
... 1. Which statement correctly describes how carbon’s ability to form four bonds makes it uniquely suited to form macromolecules? A. It forms short, simple carbon chains. B. It forms large, complex, diverse molecules. C. It forms covalent bonds with other carbon atoms. D. It forms covalent bonds that ...
... 1. Which statement correctly describes how carbon’s ability to form four bonds makes it uniquely suited to form macromolecules? A. It forms short, simple carbon chains. B. It forms large, complex, diverse molecules. C. It forms covalent bonds with other carbon atoms. D. It forms covalent bonds that ...
SBI-4U1 Exam Review
... Water – Electron transport chain (light rxns) – Water is split by Z protein to replenish electron deficit in photosystem I. Also Calvin. Light energy – Photoexcitation in the ETC – photosystems I and II b. Where is each of the products produced? Oxygen – Electron transport chain. Produced when water ...
... Water – Electron transport chain (light rxns) – Water is split by Z protein to replenish electron deficit in photosystem I. Also Calvin. Light energy – Photoexcitation in the ETC – photosystems I and II b. Where is each of the products produced? Oxygen – Electron transport chain. Produced when water ...
19 Oxidative Phosphorylation-Electron Transport A
... energy level (to Coenzyme Q (CoQ … see picture pg. 2) than NADH. The proton will then be donated to Cyctochrome b/c will then follow the same route of electron transport and proton pumping as NADH. That means there is one less proton being pumped out of the matrix and into Inter membrane space when ...
... energy level (to Coenzyme Q (CoQ … see picture pg. 2) than NADH. The proton will then be donated to Cyctochrome b/c will then follow the same route of electron transport and proton pumping as NADH. That means there is one less proton being pumped out of the matrix and into Inter membrane space when ...
You Light Up My Life - Hawaii Community College
... Glycolysis occurs in cytoplasm Reactions are catalyzed by enzymes Glucose (six carbons) ...
... Glycolysis occurs in cytoplasm Reactions are catalyzed by enzymes Glucose (six carbons) ...
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
... ATP. The electron then becomes low energy (black) and is carried by enzyme 4 back to p700 where it will repeat the process again. ...
... ATP. The electron then becomes low energy (black) and is carried by enzyme 4 back to p700 where it will repeat the process again. ...
Cellular Respiration
... • In the first step, acetyl CoA adds it’s acetate (2-carbon) to oxaloacetate (4-carbon) producing citrate (6-Carbon). The coenzyme, CoA, is once again available to be primed with an acetate group (from pyruvate) or to be used in step four. • In step two, water is added to citrate to produce isocitra ...
... • In the first step, acetyl CoA adds it’s acetate (2-carbon) to oxaloacetate (4-carbon) producing citrate (6-Carbon). The coenzyme, CoA, is once again available to be primed with an acetate group (from pyruvate) or to be used in step four. • In step two, water is added to citrate to produce isocitra ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.