Sample lab - eScience Labs
... words, they break down big molecules into smaller pieces. Free energy is released when the molecules are broken down, which can be sequentially used in each proceeding step. Through a series of oxidation reactions, the cell converts carbohydrates into carbon dioxide and water. It also transforms ade ...
... words, they break down big molecules into smaller pieces. Free energy is released when the molecules are broken down, which can be sequentially used in each proceeding step. Through a series of oxidation reactions, the cell converts carbohydrates into carbon dioxide and water. It also transforms ade ...
Lactic Acid Fermentation vs. Alcoholic Fermentation
... Lactic acid fermentation is a biological process by which glucose and other six-carbon sugars (also, disaccharides of six-carbon sugars, e.g. sucrose or lactose) are converted into cellular energy and the metabolite lactate. There are several uses of this type of fermentation, one of them to produce ...
... Lactic acid fermentation is a biological process by which glucose and other six-carbon sugars (also, disaccharides of six-carbon sugars, e.g. sucrose or lactose) are converted into cellular energy and the metabolite lactate. There are several uses of this type of fermentation, one of them to produce ...
Slide 1
... • used to be called the dark reactions – no involvement of light – happens in the dark ...
... • used to be called the dark reactions – no involvement of light – happens in the dark ...
Fate of glucose:
... The brain is the main glucose hog and the reason glucose is so important The brain uses 2/3 of the glucose consumed The rest of your body’s energy reserves are 78% in body fat and 21% in proteins. Diabetes is a problem with insulin so diabetic’s cells can’t uptake and efficiently use glucose so bloo ...
... The brain is the main glucose hog and the reason glucose is so important The brain uses 2/3 of the glucose consumed The rest of your body’s energy reserves are 78% in body fat and 21% in proteins. Diabetes is a problem with insulin so diabetic’s cells can’t uptake and efficiently use glucose so bloo ...
C483 Summer 2015 Exam 2 Name 1. 20 pts Fill in the blanks (2
... D. ______________ Some gated channels can be opened and closed by membrane potential changes. E. ______________ A G-protein becomes active in a signal transduction cascade through the hydrolysis of GTP by its GTPase activity. F. ______________ Ribose may be considered to be an aldopentose. G. _____ ...
... D. ______________ Some gated channels can be opened and closed by membrane potential changes. E. ______________ A G-protein becomes active in a signal transduction cascade through the hydrolysis of GTP by its GTPase activity. F. ______________ Ribose may be considered to be an aldopentose. G. _____ ...
Food Fuels and Three Energy Systems
... energy supply derived from aerobic respiration Cellular respiration is the set of the metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert chemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then release waste products. C6H12O6 (aq) + 6 O2 (g) → ...
... energy supply derived from aerobic respiration Cellular respiration is the set of the metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert chemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then release waste products. C6H12O6 (aq) + 6 O2 (g) → ...
檔案下載
... • Convert one glucose to two pyruvate, producing two ATP and two NADH • Derived from the Greek stem glyk, “sweet”; and the word lysis, “dissolution” ...
... • Convert one glucose to two pyruvate, producing two ATP and two NADH • Derived from the Greek stem glyk, “sweet”; and the word lysis, “dissolution” ...
Fall 2009 Chem 306 Exam II KEY
... a. used to determine enzyme activity b. that allows for the identification of amino acids and proteins. c. that is based on the differential migration of charged species within an electrical field. d. which is used to help diagnose diseases such as sickle cell anemia, lupus erythrematosus, and some ...
... a. used to determine enzyme activity b. that allows for the identification of amino acids and proteins. c. that is based on the differential migration of charged species within an electrical field. d. which is used to help diagnose diseases such as sickle cell anemia, lupus erythrematosus, and some ...
... iii) The CMC is the highest concentration of monomeric fatty acids. As the fatty acid becomes longer its solubility drops because of the hydrophobic effect. (2 pts) 8. (8 pts) Please do one of the following two choices: Choice A: Select either carbohydrates or fatty acids and briefly discuss the met ...
Synthesis of Triacylglycerols and Glycerophospholipids
... Important points of control are release of fatty acids from adipocytes and regulation of carnitine acyltransferase I in the liver. High insulin levels also stimulate formation of malonyl CoA, which allosterically inhibits carnitine acyltransferase I fatty acids remain in cytosol and are not tr ...
... Important points of control are release of fatty acids from adipocytes and regulation of carnitine acyltransferase I in the liver. High insulin levels also stimulate formation of malonyl CoA, which allosterically inhibits carnitine acyltransferase I fatty acids remain in cytosol and are not tr ...
PDHPE Student Activity Sheet (1.1 MB)
... Anaerobic ATP production - must occur during high intensity exercise when aerobic ATP production cannot keep up with the ATP demands of the muscles. The ATP/PC and glycolytic pathways are both anaerobic, occurring without oxygen. Rate of ATP production - increases with increasing exercise intensity. ...
... Anaerobic ATP production - must occur during high intensity exercise when aerobic ATP production cannot keep up with the ATP demands of the muscles. The ATP/PC and glycolytic pathways are both anaerobic, occurring without oxygen. Rate of ATP production - increases with increasing exercise intensity. ...
What is an acid or a base
... compound that could be made with the anion of an acid and the cation of a base. The hydrogen ion of the acid and the hydroxide ion of the base unite to form water. Acids ___________________________. Even gold, the least active metal, is attacked by an acid, a mixture of acids called 'aqua regia,' or ...
... compound that could be made with the anion of an acid and the cation of a base. The hydrogen ion of the acid and the hydroxide ion of the base unite to form water. Acids ___________________________. Even gold, the least active metal, is attacked by an acid, a mixture of acids called 'aqua regia,' or ...
Chapter 8 Your Body`s Metabolism
... • If the amino acid is not used to build protein the amine group must be removed through deamination • Excess can be used for energy production, converted to glucose, or stored as fat • Used, in a limited extent, for energy in diets low in kilocalories and/or carbohydrate ...
... • If the amino acid is not used to build protein the amine group must be removed through deamination • Excess can be used for energy production, converted to glucose, or stored as fat • Used, in a limited extent, for energy in diets low in kilocalories and/or carbohydrate ...
Prof. Kamakaka`s Lecture 14 Notes (PPT)
... Glucokinase activity increases with increased glucose but is not inhibited by increased glu6PO4. The levels of the protein are regulated by insulin. Rate of reaction is driven by substrate-glucose not by demand for product-G6P. Allows all glu available to be converted to G6P and then if excess prese ...
... Glucokinase activity increases with increased glucose but is not inhibited by increased glu6PO4. The levels of the protein are regulated by insulin. Rate of reaction is driven by substrate-glucose not by demand for product-G6P. Allows all glu available to be converted to G6P and then if excess prese ...
Quiz:1
... 4. pK for weak acids and bases are defined as the pH at which the concentration of the ionized and unnionized species are equal, e.g. CH3COO- + H+ Ionized form Acetic acid (non-ionized) CH3COOH ...
... 4. pK for weak acids and bases are defined as the pH at which the concentration of the ionized and unnionized species are equal, e.g. CH3COO- + H+ Ionized form Acetic acid (non-ionized) CH3COOH ...
Metabolism - Red Blood Cell Laboratory
... exercise. If the respiratory gases by plasma in the absence of red blood cells, our activity would be reduced fifty fold. The iron in the heme moiety of hemoglobin must be maintained in the reduced (ferrous) state in order to bind oxygen reversibly, despite exposure to a variety of endogenous and ex ...
... exercise. If the respiratory gases by plasma in the absence of red blood cells, our activity would be reduced fifty fold. The iron in the heme moiety of hemoglobin must be maintained in the reduced (ferrous) state in order to bind oxygen reversibly, despite exposure to a variety of endogenous and ex ...
Chapter 1 – Title of Chapter
... of one compound is used to create a bond in the formation of another compound. electron transport chain: the final pathway in energy metabolism that transports electrons from hydrogen to oxygen and captures the energy released in the bonds of ATP; also called the respiratory chain. enzymes: proteins ...
... of one compound is used to create a bond in the formation of another compound. electron transport chain: the final pathway in energy metabolism that transports electrons from hydrogen to oxygen and captures the energy released in the bonds of ATP; also called the respiratory chain. enzymes: proteins ...
Fatty Acid Oxid
... Ketone bodies are transported in the blood to other cells, where they are converted back to acetyl-CoA for catabolism in Krebs cycle, to generate ATP. While ketone bodies thus function as an alternative fuel, amino acids must be degraded to supply input to gluconeogenesis when hypoglycemia occurs, s ...
... Ketone bodies are transported in the blood to other cells, where they are converted back to acetyl-CoA for catabolism in Krebs cycle, to generate ATP. While ketone bodies thus function as an alternative fuel, amino acids must be degraded to supply input to gluconeogenesis when hypoglycemia occurs, s ...
Lab 11
... nitrogen source, bromthymol blue pH indicator: neutral pH = green, alkaline = prussian blue Discriminates organisms that can produce citrase to metabolize citrate into oxaloacetate and pyruvate. These organisms are forced to utilize ammonium salts as the nitrogen source producing alkaline ammonia wa ...
... nitrogen source, bromthymol blue pH indicator: neutral pH = green, alkaline = prussian blue Discriminates organisms that can produce citrase to metabolize citrate into oxaloacetate and pyruvate. These organisms are forced to utilize ammonium salts as the nitrogen source producing alkaline ammonia wa ...
Chapter 12 - The Citric Acid Cycle Energy in the citric acid cycle
... (other components are dissolved in the matrix) • Dehydrogenation is stereospecific; only the trans isomer is formed • Substrate analog malonate is a competitive inhibitor of the SDH complex ...
... (other components are dissolved in the matrix) • Dehydrogenation is stereospecific; only the trans isomer is formed • Substrate analog malonate is a competitive inhibitor of the SDH complex ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.