Overview of mitochondria and plastids function in energy conversion
... hydrogenosome or mitosome The primary function of mitochondria is the oxidative phosphorylation. It is the conversion of chemical energy contain in fuel molecules (via oxidation) into a "highenergy" storage molecule (ATP). Additional function in amino acid synthesis, co-factor (heme and FeS cluster) ...
... hydrogenosome or mitosome The primary function of mitochondria is the oxidative phosphorylation. It is the conversion of chemical energy contain in fuel molecules (via oxidation) into a "highenergy" storage molecule (ATP). Additional function in amino acid synthesis, co-factor (heme and FeS cluster) ...
Chapter 6
... NADH and Electron Transport Chains – The path that electrons take on their way down from glucose to oxygen involves many steps. – The first step is an electron acceptor called NAD+. • The transfer of electrons from organic fuel to NAD+ reduces it to NADH. ...
... NADH and Electron Transport Chains – The path that electrons take on their way down from glucose to oxygen involves many steps. – The first step is an electron acceptor called NAD+. • The transfer of electrons from organic fuel to NAD+ reduces it to NADH. ...
20. Biochemistry of Muscles and Connective Tissue
... There are 12 types of collagens (differ from each other by the primary structure, types of chains, contents of carbohydrates, localization in organs and tissues). 4 main types: ...
... There are 12 types of collagens (differ from each other by the primary structure, types of chains, contents of carbohydrates, localization in organs and tissues). 4 main types: ...
ch_9 - WordPress.com
... of one monosaccharide and the Alcohol group of another. Peptide Bond: The chemical bond formed between the Carboxyl group (COOH) of one Amino acid and the Amino group (NH2) of another is called Peptide bond (CO NH ) ...
... of one monosaccharide and the Alcohol group of another. Peptide Bond: The chemical bond formed between the Carboxyl group (COOH) of one Amino acid and the Amino group (NH2) of another is called Peptide bond (CO NH ) ...
(CH2) 2 - CHM152-SP10
... The main area of the carbohydrates that Mr. Griffin stressed for the purpose of the latest quiz as well as the exam was the nomenclature. There are three components to a formal name of a carbohydrate. The first component of the name indicates whether there is a ketone group or an aldehyde group atta ...
... The main area of the carbohydrates that Mr. Griffin stressed for the purpose of the latest quiz as well as the exam was the nomenclature. There are three components to a formal name of a carbohydrate. The first component of the name indicates whether there is a ketone group or an aldehyde group atta ...
File
... What are the effects of anaerobic respiration on your muscles? Background: Normally, muscles use oxygen through a process known as cellular aerobic respiration to make energy (or ATP) from sugar (glucose). This process is very efficient and produces 38 ATPs for each molecule of glucose. Carbon dioxi ...
... What are the effects of anaerobic respiration on your muscles? Background: Normally, muscles use oxygen through a process known as cellular aerobic respiration to make energy (or ATP) from sugar (glucose). This process is very efficient and produces 38 ATPs for each molecule of glucose. Carbon dioxi ...
4.1 Chemical Energy and ATP
... The chemical energy used for most cell processes is carried by ATP. • Molecules in food store chemical energy in their bonds. – Called chemical energy • This chemical energy can be converted into the chemical energy of ATP • Carbohydrates are the molecules most commonly broken down to make ATP. – 36 ...
... The chemical energy used for most cell processes is carried by ATP. • Molecules in food store chemical energy in their bonds. – Called chemical energy • This chemical energy can be converted into the chemical energy of ATP • Carbohydrates are the molecules most commonly broken down to make ATP. – 36 ...
Chapter 3: Energy for Cells
... Visible light is a fairly narrow band within this spectrum, ranging from wavelengths of about ...
... Visible light is a fairly narrow band within this spectrum, ranging from wavelengths of about ...
LIPIDS
... dihydroxyacetone phosphate catalyzed by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase • In liver, glycerol kinase catalyzes the phosphorylation of glycerol to form glycerol 3-phosphate. ...
... dihydroxyacetone phosphate catalyzed by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase • In liver, glycerol kinase catalyzes the phosphorylation of glycerol to form glycerol 3-phosphate. ...
Unit 1 – Life on Earth
... 3: The ribosome reads 3 bases (called a codon) at a time and brings the amino acid associated with that codon into position to form a polypeptide chain. ...
... 3: The ribosome reads 3 bases (called a codon) at a time and brings the amino acid associated with that codon into position to form a polypeptide chain. ...
Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase-A New Target in the Fight against Obesity
... You can still be slim and not workout, but not ...
... You can still be slim and not workout, but not ...
1 Supplementary data Materials and methods Preparation of the
... ITC measurements with the active preparation of PDK3 dimers were performed in a VPITC microcalorimeter from MicroCal (Nothampton, MA). Titrations were carried out in 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 6.3), 50 mM KCl, 10 mM MgCl2, 20 mM -mercaptoethanol at 15 °C. In a typical measurement for nucl ...
... ITC measurements with the active preparation of PDK3 dimers were performed in a VPITC microcalorimeter from MicroCal (Nothampton, MA). Titrations were carried out in 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 6.3), 50 mM KCl, 10 mM MgCl2, 20 mM -mercaptoethanol at 15 °C. In a typical measurement for nucl ...
Chapter x – title of chapter
... Once the concentration of ATP reaches a certain level, it begins to bind some of the key enzymes in glycolysis and the TCA cycle and inhibits them. Why continue to make ATP if we have enough? Conversely, when ADP levels are higher than ATP (a sign we need energy), ADP binds to these same enzymes, bu ...
... Once the concentration of ATP reaches a certain level, it begins to bind some of the key enzymes in glycolysis and the TCA cycle and inhibits them. Why continue to make ATP if we have enough? Conversely, when ADP levels are higher than ATP (a sign we need energy), ADP binds to these same enzymes, bu ...
The Cell: A Microcosm of Life Multiple
... we have enough ATP/energy. Once the concentration of ATP reaches a certain level, it begins to bind some of the key enzymes in glycolysis and the TCA cycle and inhibits them. Why continue to make ATP if we have enough? Conversely, when ADP levels are higher than ATP (a sign we need energy), ADP bin ...
... we have enough ATP/energy. Once the concentration of ATP reaches a certain level, it begins to bind some of the key enzymes in glycolysis and the TCA cycle and inhibits them. Why continue to make ATP if we have enough? Conversely, when ADP levels are higher than ATP (a sign we need energy), ADP bin ...
Chem 410 Chapter 11: Polyprotic Acids and Bases Part 1 How
... But these amino acid zwitterions are salts, actually internal salts. So they will have many physical properties in common with salts. So they are crystals with high melting points, are highly water soluble (but low solubilities in organic compounds), and they have large dipole moments. If in the ami ...
... But these amino acid zwitterions are salts, actually internal salts. So they will have many physical properties in common with salts. So they are crystals with high melting points, are highly water soluble (but low solubilities in organic compounds), and they have large dipole moments. If in the ami ...
Nucleotide Metabolism Nucleotide sources - Rose
... is most commonly due to mutant forms of ribose-5-phosphate pyrophosphokinase. These mutations have one of several possible effects, including increasing the Vmax of the enzyme, decreasing the enzyme Km, or removing its sensitivity to feedback inhibition. All three mutations result in elevated PRPP ...
... is most commonly due to mutant forms of ribose-5-phosphate pyrophosphokinase. These mutations have one of several possible effects, including increasing the Vmax of the enzyme, decreasing the enzyme Km, or removing its sensitivity to feedback inhibition. All three mutations result in elevated PRPP ...
Energy Systems and Muscle Fibre Types
... The Chemistry of Energy Production • Energy in the human body is derived from the breakdown of complex nutrients like carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. • The end result of this breakdown is production of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecule. ...
... The Chemistry of Energy Production • Energy in the human body is derived from the breakdown of complex nutrients like carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. • The end result of this breakdown is production of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecule. ...
Final Review Part I
... The citric acid cycle and the ETS Glycolysis and the ETS Glycolysis and the citric acid cycle Glycolysis, citric acid cycle, and the ETS ...
... The citric acid cycle and the ETS Glycolysis and the ETS Glycolysis and the citric acid cycle Glycolysis, citric acid cycle, and the ETS ...
THINK-PAIR
... • What is the main purpose and equation of cellular respiration? • What type of organisms perform cellular respiration? • Where does CR take place in prokaryotes and in eukaryotes? • Explain the role of an electrochemical gradient in forming ATP molecules. • What would happen with the process of ce ...
... • What is the main purpose and equation of cellular respiration? • What type of organisms perform cellular respiration? • Where does CR take place in prokaryotes and in eukaryotes? • Explain the role of an electrochemical gradient in forming ATP molecules. • What would happen with the process of ce ...
Lipogenesis (2014)
... NB: the synthesis of TAG occurs mainly in liver and mammary glands but it is stored mainly in adipose tissue and muscles ...
... NB: the synthesis of TAG occurs mainly in liver and mammary glands but it is stored mainly in adipose tissue and muscles ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.