Lipids (lect 4))
... Site: cytoplasm of liver and adipose tissues Steps: see figure 1- Activation of fatty acids into acyl CoA 2- Activation of glycerol into 3-glycerophosphate 3-Combination of activated fatty acid and glycerol to form DAG then TAG as in figure. ...
... Site: cytoplasm of liver and adipose tissues Steps: see figure 1- Activation of fatty acids into acyl CoA 2- Activation of glycerol into 3-glycerophosphate 3-Combination of activated fatty acid and glycerol to form DAG then TAG as in figure. ...
bioknowledgy study guide
... Catabolism is the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler molecules including the hydrolysis of macromolecules into monomers. Urea as an example of a compound that is produced by living organisms but can also be artificially synthesized. ...
... Catabolism is the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler molecules including the hydrolysis of macromolecules into monomers. Urea as an example of a compound that is produced by living organisms but can also be artificially synthesized. ...
Shunt Pathway Significance of pentose phosphate pathway
... Normally , 10% of glucose is metabolized through this pathway which operates in the cytoplasm . Energy ( ATP ) is not generated nor required . ...
... Normally , 10% of glucose is metabolized through this pathway which operates in the cytoplasm . Energy ( ATP ) is not generated nor required . ...
Application of stable isotopes and mass isotopomer distribution
... acid synthesis, glyceroneogenesis, and nonessential amino acid synthesis. When interpreting results from [U-13Cn]-labeled tracers, it is important to note that appearance of [U-13Cn] isotopomers can only derive from the administered tracer (e.g., dietary [U-13C6]dextrin, n = 6). Therefore, when [U-1 ...
... acid synthesis, glyceroneogenesis, and nonessential amino acid synthesis. When interpreting results from [U-13Cn]-labeled tracers, it is important to note that appearance of [U-13Cn] isotopomers can only derive from the administered tracer (e.g., dietary [U-13C6]dextrin, n = 6). Therefore, when [U-1 ...
CHEMISTRY Answer ALL questions of the on
... Six tripeptides can be formed by reacting together one molecule of each of the amino acids arginine, histidine and leucine. Predict the primary structures of these six tripeptides using the symbols shown in Table 20 of the Data Booklet to represent the amino acids. ...
... Six tripeptides can be formed by reacting together one molecule of each of the amino acids arginine, histidine and leucine. Predict the primary structures of these six tripeptides using the symbols shown in Table 20 of the Data Booklet to represent the amino acids. ...
Acids
... The body will neutralise (return to its natural state) the pH level of its muscle cells in two ways – by removing lactic acid, or more accurately lactate, or preventing the build up of it in the first place. Lactate is removed from the local muscle cells, either by being dispersed by the blood to le ...
... The body will neutralise (return to its natural state) the pH level of its muscle cells in two ways – by removing lactic acid, or more accurately lactate, or preventing the build up of it in the first place. Lactate is removed from the local muscle cells, either by being dispersed by the blood to le ...
adjusting the conditions inside when the outside conditions change
... 8. Where does glycolysis occur? (be specific) ______________ 9. Where does the Krebs Cycle occur? (be specific) ________ 10. Where does the Electron Transport Chain occur? (be specific) _____________________ 11. Pyruvate is made in glycolysis and is shipped to the ___________________ for the Krebs c ...
... 8. Where does glycolysis occur? (be specific) ______________ 9. Where does the Krebs Cycle occur? (be specific) ________ 10. Where does the Electron Transport Chain occur? (be specific) _____________________ 11. Pyruvate is made in glycolysis and is shipped to the ___________________ for the Krebs c ...
Nitrogen Cycle
... Nature has devised a way to recycle this element, which is called the carbon cycle Plants take in carbon as CO2 through the process of photosynthesis and convert it into sugars, starches and other materials necessary for the plant's survival. From the plants, carbon is passed up the food chain to al ...
... Nature has devised a way to recycle this element, which is called the carbon cycle Plants take in carbon as CO2 through the process of photosynthesis and convert it into sugars, starches and other materials necessary for the plant's survival. From the plants, carbon is passed up the food chain to al ...
cellrespiration power pointtext
... Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
... Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
Amino Acids: Disposal of Nitrogen & Urea Cycle
... OXIDATIVE DEAMINATION BY GLUTAMATE DEHYDROGENASE In mammals: almost entirely confined to the liver mitochondrial matrix / Readily reversible ...
... OXIDATIVE DEAMINATION BY GLUTAMATE DEHYDROGENASE In mammals: almost entirely confined to the liver mitochondrial matrix / Readily reversible ...
anmol publications pvt. ltd.
... pathway called glycolysis, the net result of which is to break down one molecule of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate; this also produces a net two molecules of ATP, the energy currency of cells, along with two reducing equivalents in the form of converting NAD+ to NADH. This does not require o ...
... pathway called glycolysis, the net result of which is to break down one molecule of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate; this also produces a net two molecules of ATP, the energy currency of cells, along with two reducing equivalents in the form of converting NAD+ to NADH. This does not require o ...
Characterization of AtAAP1 function in amino acid uptake by the root
... for gluconeogenesis from amino acids, in that the labeling levels when supplied with 13Clabeled amino acids were higher than could be accounted for by 13C labeling of the protein alone based on the C:N of protein versus bulk fungi. • Organic nitrogen probably preserves a carbon signature in fungal p ...
... for gluconeogenesis from amino acids, in that the labeling levels when supplied with 13Clabeled amino acids were higher than could be accounted for by 13C labeling of the protein alone based on the C:N of protein versus bulk fungi. • Organic nitrogen probably preserves a carbon signature in fungal p ...
Chocolate Wasted 40 Answer
... Competitive: compete for the active site (similar shape), slow down the reaction Non-competitive: bond outside active site and change shape of active site, reaction stops completely ...
... Competitive: compete for the active site (similar shape), slow down the reaction Non-competitive: bond outside active site and change shape of active site, reaction stops completely ...
BIOCHEMISTRY Carbohydrate Metabolism
... • Step 3 – Phosphofructokinase (an allosteric enzyme) is inhibited by high levels of ATP & Citrate & is activated by high levels of ADP. • Step 10 – Pyruvate kinase (an allosteric enzyme) is inhibited by high levels of ATP & Acetyl CoA. ...
... • Step 3 – Phosphofructokinase (an allosteric enzyme) is inhibited by high levels of ATP & Citrate & is activated by high levels of ADP. • Step 10 – Pyruvate kinase (an allosteric enzyme) is inhibited by high levels of ATP & Acetyl CoA. ...
fermentation
... The Krebs Cycle cont. • Follow steps in your book, pgs 138-139 – In step 1, a two-carbon molecule of acetyl CoA combines with a four-carbon compound, oxaloacetic acid, to produce a six-carbon compound, citric acid – In step 2, citric acid releases a CO2 molecule and a hydrogen atom to form a five-ca ...
... The Krebs Cycle cont. • Follow steps in your book, pgs 138-139 – In step 1, a two-carbon molecule of acetyl CoA combines with a four-carbon compound, oxaloacetic acid, to produce a six-carbon compound, citric acid – In step 2, citric acid releases a CO2 molecule and a hydrogen atom to form a five-ca ...
AS2098
... students are expected to be able to: 1.Describe the nature and sequence of the biochemical reactions in the principal metabolic pathways of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. 2.Explain the biological significance and fates of the metabolic intermediates and end products of the principal metabolic p ...
... students are expected to be able to: 1.Describe the nature and sequence of the biochemical reactions in the principal metabolic pathways of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. 2.Explain the biological significance and fates of the metabolic intermediates and end products of the principal metabolic p ...
Chapter 9 PP - Jones-Bio
... • In most organisms, cellular respiration cannot occur without oxygen. Fermentation, a metabolic pathway that regenerates NAD+ from stockpiles of NADH, allows glycolysis to continue producing ATP in the absence of oxygen. • Fermentation occurs when pyruvate or a molecule derived from pyruvate accept ...
... • In most organisms, cellular respiration cannot occur without oxygen. Fermentation, a metabolic pathway that regenerates NAD+ from stockpiles of NADH, allows glycolysis to continue producing ATP in the absence of oxygen. • Fermentation occurs when pyruvate or a molecule derived from pyruvate accept ...
syllabus - option b(human biochemistry)
... The aim of this option is to give students an understanding of the chemistry of important molecules foundin the human body, and the need for a balanced and healthy diet. Although the role that these molecules play in the body should be appreciated, the emphasis is placed on their chemistry, and stud ...
... The aim of this option is to give students an understanding of the chemistry of important molecules foundin the human body, and the need for a balanced and healthy diet. Although the role that these molecules play in the body should be appreciated, the emphasis is placed on their chemistry, and stud ...
Lecture Topic: Fatty Acid Synthesis
... Nitrogen is an essential element found in proteins, nucleic acids and many other molecules Biologically available nitrogen is scarce Nitrogen incorporation begins with fixation (reduction) of N2 by prokaryotic microorganisms to form ammonia (NH3) Nitrogen supply is often the rate-limiting factor in ...
... Nitrogen is an essential element found in proteins, nucleic acids and many other molecules Biologically available nitrogen is scarce Nitrogen incorporation begins with fixation (reduction) of N2 by prokaryotic microorganisms to form ammonia (NH3) Nitrogen supply is often the rate-limiting factor in ...
PROTEOLYSIS is the breakdown of protein to free amino acids
... (1) Energy requirement. Two molecules of ATP are required for this reaction. (2) N-Acetylglutamate is a required positive allosteric effector. The activity of acetylglutamate synthetase, the enzyme that synthesizes N-acetylglutamate, is regulated by amino acid levels. c. Ornithine transcarbamoylase ...
... (1) Energy requirement. Two molecules of ATP are required for this reaction. (2) N-Acetylglutamate is a required positive allosteric effector. The activity of acetylglutamate synthetase, the enzyme that synthesizes N-acetylglutamate, is regulated by amino acid levels. c. Ornithine transcarbamoylase ...
4)qualitative_tests_for_amino_acids
... technique is widely used for the detection and quantitation (measurement) of amino acids and peptides. -Ninhydrin is a powerful oxidizing agent which reacts with all amino acids between pH 4-8 to produce a purple colored-compound. -The reaction is also given by primary amines and ammonia but without ...
... technique is widely used for the detection and quantitation (measurement) of amino acids and peptides. -Ninhydrin is a powerful oxidizing agent which reacts with all amino acids between pH 4-8 to produce a purple colored-compound. -The reaction is also given by primary amines and ammonia but without ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.