Untitled - Normalesup.org
... In parallel, as can be seen from the huge amount of effort devoted to the study of transcription factors, chromatin structure and regulatory cascades at the transcription initiation level, the paradigm for the control of gene expression at this level implicitly assumes that mRNA molecules will turno ...
... In parallel, as can be seen from the huge amount of effort devoted to the study of transcription factors, chromatin structure and regulatory cascades at the transcription initiation level, the paradigm for the control of gene expression at this level implicitly assumes that mRNA molecules will turno ...
20060710_GOannotCamp_Stanford
... Get intersection of genes from three approaches and use these This is not necessarily a complete set but is a good starting point (a starting set of a few hundred genes would be good.) See how big the resulting gene sets are and go from there. Single ortholog per human gene, 1:1, best hit on ...
... Get intersection of genes from three approaches and use these This is not necessarily a complete set but is a good starting point (a starting set of a few hundred genes would be good.) See how big the resulting gene sets are and go from there. Single ortholog per human gene, 1:1, best hit on ...
Hereditary Proteinuria Syndromes and Mechanisms of Proteinuria
... not have a crucial role, because intravenous glycosaminoglycan-degrading enzymes can affect glycosaminoglycans in all three layers of the filtration barrier. Moreover, genetically engineered mice whose glomerular basement membrane contains heparan sulfate–deficient perlecan or lacks agrin do not hav ...
... not have a crucial role, because intravenous glycosaminoglycan-degrading enzymes can affect glycosaminoglycans in all three layers of the filtration barrier. Moreover, genetically engineered mice whose glomerular basement membrane contains heparan sulfate–deficient perlecan or lacks agrin do not hav ...
Dual-topology membrane proteins Escherichia coli Susanna Seppälä
... proteins, not the least evidenced by the successful expression of membrane proteins for structural studies (6, 7). With this in mind, it is important to realize that as a taxon, E. coli comprises strains that may differ in as much as 80% of their genes (8, 9). Typically, E. coli cells have one circu ...
... proteins, not the least evidenced by the successful expression of membrane proteins for structural studies (6, 7). With this in mind, it is important to realize that as a taxon, E. coli comprises strains that may differ in as much as 80% of their genes (8, 9). Typically, E. coli cells have one circu ...
Essays41 Chap03 - Essays in Biochemistry
... easily cover this distance by diffusion, and by use of these substrates it has been found that archaebacterial proteasomes preferentially hydrolyse peptide bonds at the C-terminal side of large hydrophobic amino-acid residues, thus exhibiting chymotrypsin-like specificity. However, within protein su ...
... easily cover this distance by diffusion, and by use of these substrates it has been found that archaebacterial proteasomes preferentially hydrolyse peptide bonds at the C-terminal side of large hydrophobic amino-acid residues, thus exhibiting chymotrypsin-like specificity. However, within protein su ...
Apolipophorins and insects immune response
... that E. hirae LTA promoted binding of apoLp-III to E. hirae cells. In addition, binding of LTAs by apoLp-III prevented loss of plasmatocytes caused by B. subtilis LTAs in G. mellonella larvae. Our recent study has demonstrated binding of G. mellonella apoLp-III to different Gram-positive and Gramneg ...
... that E. hirae LTA promoted binding of apoLp-III to E. hirae cells. In addition, binding of LTAs by apoLp-III prevented loss of plasmatocytes caused by B. subtilis LTAs in G. mellonella larvae. Our recent study has demonstrated binding of G. mellonella apoLp-III to different Gram-positive and Gramneg ...
Structure and Function of the F Factor and Mechanism of Conjugation
... physical contact (49, 139), occurs among both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria and streptomycetes (for reviews of specific systems, see the book Bacterial Conjugation [55]). Donor ability is conferred by the presence of an infectious DNA element which disseminates to other cells. Commonly, g ...
... physical contact (49, 139), occurs among both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria and streptomycetes (for reviews of specific systems, see the book Bacterial Conjugation [55]). Donor ability is conferred by the presence of an infectious DNA element which disseminates to other cells. Commonly, g ...
Removal of SDS from biological protein digests for proteomic
... the suitable selection of their building blocks (metal and organic linker). Apart from these features, the lower acidity of the active centers in MOFs makes these materials even very attractive compared Zeolites (highly acidic centers). Also, MOFs may be changing the interactions of adsorbing reacta ...
... the suitable selection of their building blocks (metal and organic linker). Apart from these features, the lower acidity of the active centers in MOFs makes these materials even very attractive compared Zeolites (highly acidic centers). Also, MOFs may be changing the interactions of adsorbing reacta ...
Molecular mechanisms of complement evasion: learning from
... SCIn inhibited convertase activity but did not induce dimerization. In this case, SCIn probably obstructs the ability of the serine protease domain to bind the scissile loop of the substrate. Structural information has also contributed to our understanding of the regulation of complement activity. P ...
... SCIn inhibited convertase activity but did not induce dimerization. In this case, SCIn probably obstructs the ability of the serine protease domain to bind the scissile loop of the substrate. Structural information has also contributed to our understanding of the regulation of complement activity. P ...
ELECTROPHORESIS SECTION OBJECTIVES : At the end of the
... explain the factors affecting capillary electrophoresis; explain factors affecting electroosmotic flow (EOF); identify the different hemoglobins and their order of migration in alkaline pH buffer and in acid pH buffer electrophoresis (cellulose acetate and agarose gel support – Helena procedure), al ...
... explain the factors affecting capillary electrophoresis; explain factors affecting electroosmotic flow (EOF); identify the different hemoglobins and their order of migration in alkaline pH buffer and in acid pH buffer electrophoresis (cellulose acetate and agarose gel support – Helena procedure), al ...
Centrosome Maturation and Mitotic Spindle Assembly in C. elegans
... centrosomal proteins (reviewed in Palazzo et al., 2000). Genetic and biochemical studies have led to the identification of proteins that regulate key steps in centrosome duplication and maturation (Palazzo and Schatten, 2000). For example, the C. elegans ser/thr kinase ZYG-1 associates with centriol ...
... centrosomal proteins (reviewed in Palazzo et al., 2000). Genetic and biochemical studies have led to the identification of proteins that regulate key steps in centrosome duplication and maturation (Palazzo and Schatten, 2000). For example, the C. elegans ser/thr kinase ZYG-1 associates with centriol ...
Influence of bovine serum albumin (BSA)
... surfactant absorption at interface [2] as well as in relatively complex biological phenomena especially in biological membrane.[3] The understanding of protein - surfactant interactions at molecular level is however complicated since protein are complex biomacromolecules with unique primary structur ...
... surfactant absorption at interface [2] as well as in relatively complex biological phenomena especially in biological membrane.[3] The understanding of protein - surfactant interactions at molecular level is however complicated since protein are complex biomacromolecules with unique primary structur ...
Dissecting plant meiosis using Arabidopsis thaliana mutants
... cells (a mitosis-like division). Agashe et al. (2002) report that in the dyad mutant GUS (b-glucuronidase) expression is driven from a DMC1 promoter during female meiosis suggesting that this division may be meiotic rather than mitotic in nature. Subsequently, these cells can undergo either a second ...
... cells (a mitosis-like division). Agashe et al. (2002) report that in the dyad mutant GUS (b-glucuronidase) expression is driven from a DMC1 promoter during female meiosis suggesting that this division may be meiotic rather than mitotic in nature. Subsequently, these cells can undergo either a second ...
Evolution of HSP70 gene and its implications regarding - ACE-SAP
... A global alignment of HSP70 sequences from organisms comprising all three domains was initially carfled out. The alignment consisted of a total of 66 sequences of which 57 were full length and 9 were partial. Of these sequences, 2 were from archaebacteria (a halophile and a methanogen); 11 were from ...
... A global alignment of HSP70 sequences from organisms comprising all three domains was initially carfled out. The alignment consisted of a total of 66 sequences of which 57 were full length and 9 were partial. Of these sequences, 2 were from archaebacteria (a halophile and a methanogen); 11 were from ...
The Other Lives of Ribosomal Proteins - PDXScholar
... Cellular mRNAs are produced in the nucleus and exported to the cytoplasm through nuclear pore complexes (NPC) that are found in the nuclear membrane. The correctly processed mRNAs are exported in the form of messenger ribonucleoproteins (mRNPs). Since the NPC allows the passage of only one mRNA mole ...
... Cellular mRNAs are produced in the nucleus and exported to the cytoplasm through nuclear pore complexes (NPC) that are found in the nuclear membrane. The correctly processed mRNAs are exported in the form of messenger ribonucleoproteins (mRNPs). Since the NPC allows the passage of only one mRNA mole ...
A pollen-specific calmodulin-binding protein, NPG1, interacts with
... c-amino butyric acid (GABA), D-serine, cysteine-rich peptides (CRPs), calcium and various transmitting tissuespecific proteins2–8. Successful fertilization depends on directed growth of pollen tube towards the synergids in the female tissue. Identification of signaling events, pathways and mechanism ...
... c-amino butyric acid (GABA), D-serine, cysteine-rich peptides (CRPs), calcium and various transmitting tissuespecific proteins2–8. Successful fertilization depends on directed growth of pollen tube towards the synergids in the female tissue. Identification of signaling events, pathways and mechanism ...
What are enzymes?
... It may be that the perfect enzyme is not in the library. If this is the case, soil samples, sometimes from very exotic locations around the world, must be examined to find the right microorganism with the capability of producing the enzyme that can remove the stain on the shirt. The starting point d ...
... It may be that the perfect enzyme is not in the library. If this is the case, soil samples, sometimes from very exotic locations around the world, must be examined to find the right microorganism with the capability of producing the enzyme that can remove the stain on the shirt. The starting point d ...
Enzymatic reduction of disulfide bonds in lysosomes
... Mature GILT Has Thiol Reductase Activity Optimal at Low pH. The amino acid sequence of GILT does not have significant homology with any known protein. There is a CXXC motif at positions 46–49 which, although not precisely the functional motif of the thioredoxin family, suggested possible thiol reduc ...
... Mature GILT Has Thiol Reductase Activity Optimal at Low pH. The amino acid sequence of GILT does not have significant homology with any known protein. There is a CXXC motif at positions 46–49 which, although not precisely the functional motif of the thioredoxin family, suggested possible thiol reduc ...
SILK-BASED DELIVERY OF BIOACTIVE MOLECULES
... vector because various functional peptides such as cell binding motifs (RGD), cell penetrating peptides(cPP), signal peptides of virus, and or tumor-homing peptides can be added as ligands through recombinant DNA techniques. ...
... vector because various functional peptides such as cell binding motifs (RGD), cell penetrating peptides(cPP), signal peptides of virus, and or tumor-homing peptides can be added as ligands through recombinant DNA techniques. ...
TAFs and the Mediator
... Essential, highly conserved from yeast to humans Associate with Srb 2-4-5-6 subcomplex through Srb4-Med6 contact ...
... Essential, highly conserved from yeast to humans Associate with Srb 2-4-5-6 subcomplex through Srb4-Med6 contact ...
Evidence for an Outer Membrane
... mechanism by which this enzyme is released from the cell and the potential role of the cell envelope in the process are not yet understood. ...
... mechanism by which this enzyme is released from the cell and the potential role of the cell envelope in the process are not yet understood. ...
Computational and genetic evidence that different structural
... initio computational models of the TMH5–6 region in wildtype and mutant Arabidopsis CESAs. Based on in silico evidence of two potential conformations for the linker between TMH5 and 6, we engineered a novel missense mutation in AtCESA1 that altered the energy barrier between the two different struct ...
... initio computational models of the TMH5–6 region in wildtype and mutant Arabidopsis CESAs. Based on in silico evidence of two potential conformations for the linker between TMH5 and 6, we engineered a novel missense mutation in AtCESA1 that altered the energy barrier between the two different struct ...
Increased Leaf Angle1, a Raf-Like MAPKKK That
... to 1E, the leaf angle of ila1 was significantly greater (76%) than that of wild-type plants. This phenotype was not observed in the newly developing leaves of ila1. We therefore examined the dynamic alterations of leaf angle during leaf development at the tillering stage. Three days after the appear ...
... to 1E, the leaf angle of ila1 was significantly greater (76%) than that of wild-type plants. This phenotype was not observed in the newly developing leaves of ila1. We therefore examined the dynamic alterations of leaf angle during leaf development at the tillering stage. Three days after the appear ...
Escherichia coli Karl Skoog
... this protein can bundle FtsZ protofilaments, as it could bridge two protofilaments. Penicillin-binding protein 5 (PBP5) has been found to localize to the septum and it has been suggested to be connected to cell division. I have found that PBP5 forms a homo-oligomeric complex, most likely a dimer. Th ...
... this protein can bundle FtsZ protofilaments, as it could bridge two protofilaments. Penicillin-binding protein 5 (PBP5) has been found to localize to the septum and it has been suggested to be connected to cell division. I have found that PBP5 forms a homo-oligomeric complex, most likely a dimer. Th ...
Protein moonlighting
Protein moonlighting (or gene sharing) is a phenomenon by which a protein can perform more than one function. Ancestral moonlighting proteins originally possessed a single function but through evolution, acquired additional functions. Many proteins that moonlight are enzymes; others are receptors, ion channels or chaperones. The most common primary function of moonlighting proteins is enzymatic catalysis, but these enzymes have acquired secondary non-enzymatic roles. Some examples of functions of moonlighting proteins secondary to catalysis include signal transduction, transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, motility, and structural.Protein moonlighting may occur widely in nature. Protein moonlighting through gene sharing differs from the use of a single gene to generate different proteins by alternative RNA splicing, DNA rearrangement, or post-translational processing. It is also different from multifunctionality of the protein, in which the protein has multiple domains, each serving a different function. Protein moonlighting by gene sharing means that a gene may acquire and maintain a second function without gene duplication and without loss of the primary function. Such genes are under two or more entirely different selective constraints.Various techniques have been used to reveal moonlighting functions in proteins. The detection of a protein in unexpected locations within cells, cell types, or tissues may suggest that a protein has a moonlighting function. Furthermore, sequence or structure homology of a protein may be used to infer both primary function as well as secondary moonlighting functions of a protein.The most well-studied examples of gene sharing are crystallins. These proteins, when expressed at low levels in many tissues function as enzymes, but when expressed at high levels in eye tissue, become densely packed and thus form lenses. While the recognition of gene sharing is relatively recent—the term was coined in 1988, after crystallins in chickens and ducks were found to be identical to separately identified enzymes—recent studies have found many examples throughout the living world. Joram Piatigorsky has suggested that many or all proteins exhibit gene sharing to some extent, and that gene sharing is a key aspect of molecular evolution. The genes encoding crystallins must maintain sequences for catalytic function and transparency maintenance function.Inappropriate moonlighting is a contributing factor in some genetic diseases, and moonlighting provides a possible mechanism by which bacteria may become resistant to antibiotics.