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ELECTROPHORESIS SECTION OBJECTIVES : At the end of the practicum rotation, the student will be able to: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. explain the principle of zone electrophoresis; list the types of support media used in electrophoresis; list the different parameters influencing electrophoresis; explain the principle of capillary electrophoresis; explain the factors affecting capillary electrophoresis; explain factors affecting electroosmotic flow (EOF); identify the different hemoglobins and their order of migration in alkaline pH buffer and in acid pH buffer electrophoresis (cellulose acetate and agarose gel support – Helena procedure), also in capillary electrophoresis; 8. relate the different hemoglobins to the disease states; 9. list the fractions detected in an electrophoretic separation of serum protein and the specific proteins found in each fraction; 10. relate the abnormal SPEP patterns to the different diseases states; 11. differentiate between a monoclonal PEP pattern vs. a polyclonal pattern; 12. explain the special preparation needed on urine and CSF specimens prior to performing electrophoresis (Helena procedure for gel electrophoresis); 13. identify the extra band routinely seen in CSF protein electrophoresis that is not seen in serum PEP (Helena procedure); 14. describe the principle of immunofixation electrophoresis (IFE) (Helena procedure and Sebia Hydrasys 2 procedure); 15. distinguish and explain the difference between monoclonal and polyclonal bands found in IFE; 16. report out the result of SPEP, IFE and Hemoglobin electrophoresis. ElectroObj8/11/13