EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTI-ARTHRITIC ACTIVITIES OF SOME 2-ARYLAMINOTHIAZOLE DERIVATIVES
... analogues. In this test TTA50, TTA51, TTA54 and TTA55 showed significant inhibition of protein denaturation as compared to control. Diclofenac at the concentration 100 µg/ml and 200 µg/ml was used as reference drug, which also showed significant inhibition of protein denaturation i.e. 55.25 % and 90 ...
... analogues. In this test TTA50, TTA51, TTA54 and TTA55 showed significant inhibition of protein denaturation as compared to control. Diclofenac at the concentration 100 µg/ml and 200 µg/ml was used as reference drug, which also showed significant inhibition of protein denaturation i.e. 55.25 % and 90 ...
9700/04 - StudyGuide.PK
... Write your Centre number, candidate number and name in the spaces provided at the top of this page. Write in dark blue or black pen in the spaces provided on the Question Paper. You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue o ...
... Write your Centre number, candidate number and name in the spaces provided at the top of this page. Write in dark blue or black pen in the spaces provided on the Question Paper. You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue o ...
Conservation of L and 3C proteinase activities across distantly
... the Aphthovirus genus, equine rhinitis A virus (ERAV), also encodes an L protein, but this shares only 32 % amino acid identity with its FMDV counterpart. Another more distantly related picornavirus, equine rhinitis B virus (ERBV), which is not classified as an aphthovirus, also encodes an L protein ...
... the Aphthovirus genus, equine rhinitis A virus (ERAV), also encodes an L protein, but this shares only 32 % amino acid identity with its FMDV counterpart. Another more distantly related picornavirus, equine rhinitis B virus (ERBV), which is not classified as an aphthovirus, also encodes an L protein ...
Global absolute quantification reveals tight regulation of protein
... ing studies have revealed cellular heterogeneity and stochastic gene expression at the single-cell level, which are overseen in analyses on cell populations. Such single cell variations can be caused by differences in cell-cycle phase, developmental stage, local signaling concentrations, transcripti ...
... ing studies have revealed cellular heterogeneity and stochastic gene expression at the single-cell level, which are overseen in analyses on cell populations. Such single cell variations can be caused by differences in cell-cycle phase, developmental stage, local signaling concentrations, transcripti ...
Heat Shock Responses for Understanding Diseases of
... 2006). In this context, the amounts and kinds of misfolded proteins can determine the fate of cells, namely, recovery or death. It is necessary to examine the details of signaling changes that determine the turning point leading to survival or death of the cells. ...
... 2006). In this context, the amounts and kinds of misfolded proteins can determine the fate of cells, namely, recovery or death. It is necessary to examine the details of signaling changes that determine the turning point leading to survival or death of the cells. ...
`Don`t talk to me about permeability`
... it was first put forward. Better techniques of study have shown that membrane proteins do not, in general, exist in extended form but are largely in helical conformation, that the lipid core is in a disordered rather than highly orientated state, and that hydrophobic sections of protein penetrate th ...
... it was first put forward. Better techniques of study have shown that membrane proteins do not, in general, exist in extended form but are largely in helical conformation, that the lipid core is in a disordered rather than highly orientated state, and that hydrophobic sections of protein penetrate th ...
npgrj_nchembio_91 405..407 - The Scripps Research Institute
... to alanine, and the probe reactivity profiles of mutant enzymes were compared to that of wild-type (WT) ALDH-1 following transient transfection in COS-7 cells. Consistent with previous studies9, the SE probe was found to label both WT and C303A mutant ALDH-1 but not the E269A mutant (Fig. 2a). Notab ...
... to alanine, and the probe reactivity profiles of mutant enzymes were compared to that of wild-type (WT) ALDH-1 following transient transfection in COS-7 cells. Consistent with previous studies9, the SE probe was found to label both WT and C303A mutant ALDH-1 but not the E269A mutant (Fig. 2a). Notab ...
Protein Targeting into the Complex Plastid of Cryptophytes
... inner membrane pair of the complex plastid (Maier et al. 2000). This cytoplasm, the periplastidal compartment, is devoid of typical eukaryotic compartments, e.g., mitochondrion and Golgi apparatus, but still harbors 80S ribosomes and a pigmy nucleus, the nucleomorph (Maier et al. 2000, Douglas et al ...
... inner membrane pair of the complex plastid (Maier et al. 2000). This cytoplasm, the periplastidal compartment, is devoid of typical eukaryotic compartments, e.g., mitochondrion and Golgi apparatus, but still harbors 80S ribosomes and a pigmy nucleus, the nucleomorph (Maier et al. 2000, Douglas et al ...
7.06 Cell Biology EXAM #3 KEY
... You could replace the signal sequence of signal peptidase with a sequence that does not target it to the ER (for instance, by mutating some of the hydrophobic residues to alanine). (c, 4 pts) Suppose this mutant signal peptidase from part (b) had normal enzymatic activity. What (if any) phenotype wo ...
... You could replace the signal sequence of signal peptidase with a sequence that does not target it to the ER (for instance, by mutating some of the hydrophobic residues to alanine). (c, 4 pts) Suppose this mutant signal peptidase from part (b) had normal enzymatic activity. What (if any) phenotype wo ...
Towards the Discovery of New Antimicrobials: the Bifunctional
... [3] Zapun, A., Contreras-Martel, C., and Vernet, T. (2008). Penicillin-binding proteins and beta-lactam resistance. FEMS Microbiology Reviews, 32(2), pp.361-385. [4] Zavascki, P., Carvalhaes, G., Picão, C., and Gales, C. (2010). Mul@drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii ...
... [3] Zapun, A., Contreras-Martel, C., and Vernet, T. (2008). Penicillin-binding proteins and beta-lactam resistance. FEMS Microbiology Reviews, 32(2), pp.361-385. [4] Zavascki, P., Carvalhaes, G., Picão, C., and Gales, C. (2010). Mul@drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii ...
Show and tell: cell biology of pathogen invasion
... One aspect that has received relatively little attention, however, is the changes in the distribution of these Current Opinion in Plant Biology 2006, 9:406–413 ...
... One aspect that has received relatively little attention, however, is the changes in the distribution of these Current Opinion in Plant Biology 2006, 9:406–413 ...
Engineering Tyrosine-Based Electron Flow Pathways in Proteins
... radical location on the basis of EPR hyperfine structure. Mutation to tyrosine decreases the lipid peroxidase activity of this myoglobin in the presence of low concentrations of reductant, and the possibility of decreasing the intrinsic toxicity of hemoglobin by introduction of these pathways is disc ...
... radical location on the basis of EPR hyperfine structure. Mutation to tyrosine decreases the lipid peroxidase activity of this myoglobin in the presence of low concentrations of reductant, and the possibility of decreasing the intrinsic toxicity of hemoglobin by introduction of these pathways is disc ...
the scf ubiquitin ligase: insights into a molecular machine
... (LRR)), the domain is an arc-shaped α–β-repeat structure that is also found in many protein-binding contexts, including the extracellular-binding domain of certain surface receptors11,12. In most cases, FBLs also seem to involve substrate phosphorylation for their interaction, but this does not seem ...
... (LRR)), the domain is an arc-shaped α–β-repeat structure that is also found in many protein-binding contexts, including the extracellular-binding domain of certain surface receptors11,12. In most cases, FBLs also seem to involve substrate phosphorylation for their interaction, but this does not seem ...
The plastid division proteins, FtsZ1 and FtsZ2, differ in their
... with the biological activities of bacterial FtsZ [19,20]. In the absence of IPTG, the proteins were not expressed, as shown by Western blot with anti-histidine antibodies (Figure 1A). The growth rate (Figure 1B) and cell morphology of bacteria harbouring PQE-FtsZ1 (Figure 1C) and PQE-FtsZ2 (results ...
... with the biological activities of bacterial FtsZ [19,20]. In the absence of IPTG, the proteins were not expressed, as shown by Western blot with anti-histidine antibodies (Figure 1A). The growth rate (Figure 1B) and cell morphology of bacteria harbouring PQE-FtsZ1 (Figure 1C) and PQE-FtsZ2 (results ...
AthPEX10, a nuclear gene essential for peroxisome and storage
... containing either type of peroxisomal targeting signal as well as for the elaboration of the peroxisome lumen; loss of PEX10p leads to accumulation of membrane sheets (8, 9). In H. polymorpha, PEX10-deficient mutants contain no peroxisome-like structures, and peroxisomal enzymes are located in the c ...
... containing either type of peroxisomal targeting signal as well as for the elaboration of the peroxisome lumen; loss of PEX10p leads to accumulation of membrane sheets (8, 9). In H. polymorpha, PEX10-deficient mutants contain no peroxisome-like structures, and peroxisomal enzymes are located in the c ...
Co-translational, Intraribosomal Cleavage of Polypeptides by the
... gap will occur in the polypeptide. The translocon may then “detect” this discontinuity in the nascent chain as it does the normal termination of translation, closing, and excluding the downstream protein from the ER. In contrast addition of a signal sequence to the N terminus of protein downstream o ...
... gap will occur in the polypeptide. The translocon may then “detect” this discontinuity in the nascent chain as it does the normal termination of translation, closing, and excluding the downstream protein from the ER. In contrast addition of a signal sequence to the N terminus of protein downstream o ...
Tomato LeAGP-1 is a plasma membrane-bound
... study (Zhao et al. 2002). Specifically, an enhanced version of GFP (i.e. EGFP) was used in these studies (Clontech, Palo Alto, CA, USA). In order to visualize the fusion proteins in transgenic suspension-cultured cells, fluorescence microscopy was performed using a Molecular Dynamics Sarastro 2000 ...
... study (Zhao et al. 2002). Specifically, an enhanced version of GFP (i.e. EGFP) was used in these studies (Clontech, Palo Alto, CA, USA). In order to visualize the fusion proteins in transgenic suspension-cultured cells, fluorescence microscopy was performed using a Molecular Dynamics Sarastro 2000 ...
A Novel Role of Annexin A2 in Human Type I Collagen Gene
... The fibrillar collagen scaffold of the extracellular matrix provides a structural framework for cells in tissues and regulates intercellular communication; its disregulation has been associated with tumour development and progression. Previous work has shown that expression of type I collagen, the mo ...
... The fibrillar collagen scaffold of the extracellular matrix provides a structural framework for cells in tissues and regulates intercellular communication; its disregulation has been associated with tumour development and progression. Previous work has shown that expression of type I collagen, the mo ...
The push and pull of the bacterial cytoskeleton
... concentration of ATP-bound ParM (ATP-ParM) is much lower than its cellular concentration of 12–14 mM [10]. Therefore, much of the ParM in the cell should in theory be in filament form at steady state and unable to provide any force. In fact, in eukaryotic cells, actin is also present at concentratio ...
... concentration of ATP-bound ParM (ATP-ParM) is much lower than its cellular concentration of 12–14 mM [10]. Therefore, much of the ParM in the cell should in theory be in filament form at steady state and unable to provide any force. In fact, in eukaryotic cells, actin is also present at concentratio ...
AMP-activated/SNF1 protein kinases: conserved guardians of
... All AMPK/SNF1 kinases appear to exist as hetero trimeric complexes comprising catalytic α-subunits and regulatory β- and γ-subunits (FIG. 3). The mamma lian kinases are activated by AMP in two ways. First, the kinase activity that resides in the α-subunit is stimulated by the binding of AMP to the ...
... All AMPK/SNF1 kinases appear to exist as hetero trimeric complexes comprising catalytic α-subunits and regulatory β- and γ-subunits (FIG. 3). The mamma lian kinases are activated by AMP in two ways. First, the kinase activity that resides in the α-subunit is stimulated by the binding of AMP to the ...
Atypical Regulation of a Green Lineage-Specific B
... The role of CDKB in cell cycle control is not as well understood. Together, CDKB localization at the preprophase band, the metaphase plate, and its mitotic activity suggest a role of B-type CDKs in the control of mitosis (Magyar et al., 1997; Mészáros et al., 2000; Dewitte and Murray, 2003; Lee et ...
... The role of CDKB in cell cycle control is not as well understood. Together, CDKB localization at the preprophase band, the metaphase plate, and its mitotic activity suggest a role of B-type CDKs in the control of mitosis (Magyar et al., 1997; Mészáros et al., 2000; Dewitte and Murray, 2003; Lee et ...
Electron Transport Chain (Respiratory Chain)
... c) is formed from ADP by addition of one phosphate d) is transported from a mitochondrion into a cytoplasm by exchange with ADP ...
... c) is formed from ADP by addition of one phosphate d) is transported from a mitochondrion into a cytoplasm by exchange with ADP ...
Biochem1 2014 Recitation Chapter 11 – Lipids/Membrane Structure
... disrupt the hydrophobic interactions with the lipid bilayer and form micelle-like clusters around individual protein molecules. Integral proteins covalently attached to a membrane lipid, such as a glycosyl phosphatidylinositol (GPI; see Fig. 11–15), can be released by treatment with phospholipase C. ...
... disrupt the hydrophobic interactions with the lipid bilayer and form micelle-like clusters around individual protein molecules. Integral proteins covalently attached to a membrane lipid, such as a glycosyl phosphatidylinositol (GPI; see Fig. 11–15), can be released by treatment with phospholipase C. ...
Lipid bylayers and Membranes
... • The term refers to the collection of mechanisms that regulate the passage of solutes such as ions and small molecules through biological membranes namely lipid bilayers that contain proteins embedded in them. • The regulation of passage through the membrane is due to selective membrane permeabilit ...
... • The term refers to the collection of mechanisms that regulate the passage of solutes such as ions and small molecules through biological membranes namely lipid bilayers that contain proteins embedded in them. • The regulation of passage through the membrane is due to selective membrane permeabilit ...
Genome Biology and
... • Transcription factor binding sites • Localization of replication origins ...
... • Transcription factor binding sites • Localization of replication origins ...
Protein phosphorylation
Protein phosphorylation is a post-translational modification of proteins in which an amino acid residue is phosphorylated by a protein kinase by the addition of a covalently bound phosphate group. Phosphorylation alters the structural conformation of a protein, causing it to become activated, deactivated, or modifying its function. The reverse reaction of phosphorylation is called dephosphorylation, and is catalyzed by protein phosphatases. Protein kinases and phosphatases work independently and in a balance to regulate the function of proteins. The amino acids most commonly phosphorylated are serine, threonine, and tyrosine in eukaryotes, and histidine in prokaryotes, which play important and well-characterized roles in signaling pathways and metabolism. However, many other amino acids can also be phosphorylated, including arginine, lysine, and cysteine. Protein phosphorylation was first reported in 1906 by Phoebus Levene at the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research with the discovery of phosphorylated vitellin. However, it was nearly 50 years until the enzymatic phosphorylation of proteins by protein kinases was discovered.