AHD Geddes CADASIL Feb 27
... Mutations show differential Jagged1 binding and RBP/JK transcriptional activity (Joutel 2004) ...
... Mutations show differential Jagged1 binding and RBP/JK transcriptional activity (Joutel 2004) ...
occasional article intracellular protein degradation: from a vague
... the structure of the lysosome could explain the separation necessary between the proteases and their substrates, and autophagy could explain the mechanism of entry of cytosolic proteins into the lysosomal lumen, major problems have remained unsolved. Important among them were: (i) the varying half l ...
... the structure of the lysosome could explain the separation necessary between the proteases and their substrates, and autophagy could explain the mechanism of entry of cytosolic proteins into the lysosomal lumen, major problems have remained unsolved. Important among them were: (i) the varying half l ...
Macromolecules (Chapter 5)
... • The parts of the DNA molecule that make up the polynucleotides that encode for the amino acids can be used to show how closely organisms are related from an evolutionary standpoint. • Molecular biologists can sequence genes and determine how much difference there is between organisms and this help ...
... • The parts of the DNA molecule that make up the polynucleotides that encode for the amino acids can be used to show how closely organisms are related from an evolutionary standpoint. • Molecular biologists can sequence genes and determine how much difference there is between organisms and this help ...
A statistical physics perspective on alignment-independent pro
... are brought into register, has been investigated intensely for many decades, and thus an enormous associated literature has accumulated. Typically, substitution matrices specify a score for aligning pairs of nucleotides or amino acids; in such matrices different amino acids or nucleotides score diff ...
... are brought into register, has been investigated intensely for many decades, and thus an enormous associated literature has accumulated. Typically, substitution matrices specify a score for aligning pairs of nucleotides or amino acids; in such matrices different amino acids or nucleotides score diff ...
Initial characterization of ayrRABC
... he proper localization of many proteins requires their translocation across one or more membranes. The general secretory (Sec) pathway, conserved throughout bacteria, is the canonical translocation pathway and is responsible for translocating the vast majority of secreted proteins across the cytopla ...
... he proper localization of many proteins requires their translocation across one or more membranes. The general secretory (Sec) pathway, conserved throughout bacteria, is the canonical translocation pathway and is responsible for translocating the vast majority of secreted proteins across the cytopla ...
Ribosome Profiling Enables Comprehensive Translation
... 9. Grant CM, Miller PF, Hinnebusch AG (1995) Sequences 5’ of the first upstream open reading frame in GCN4 mRNA are required for efficient translational reinitiation. Nucleic Acids Res 23: 3980–3988. 10. Heiman M, Schaefer A, Gong A, Peterson JD, Day M, et al. (2008) A translational profiling appr ...
... 9. Grant CM, Miller PF, Hinnebusch AG (1995) Sequences 5’ of the first upstream open reading frame in GCN4 mRNA are required for efficient translational reinitiation. Nucleic Acids Res 23: 3980–3988. 10. Heiman M, Schaefer A, Gong A, Peterson JD, Day M, et al. (2008) A translational profiling appr ...
Human CHMP6, a myristoylated ESCRT-III protein, interacts directly
... approx. 200 amino acid residues and exhibit an uneven distribution of charged residues, resulting in creation of basic and acidic regions in the N-terminal half and C-terminal half respectively. Although there have been extensive genetic and cell-biological studies on yeast ESCRT-III components, lit ...
... approx. 200 amino acid residues and exhibit an uneven distribution of charged residues, resulting in creation of basic and acidic regions in the N-terminal half and C-terminal half respectively. Although there have been extensive genetic and cell-biological studies on yeast ESCRT-III components, lit ...
EUKARYOTES – 2.7 BILLION YEARS AGO
... that contained sterols. Because eukaryotes are the only organisms on Earth that can make these molecules, scientists concluded that eukaryotes—probably simple, amoebalike creatures—must have evolved by 2.7 billion years ago. ...
... that contained sterols. Because eukaryotes are the only organisms on Earth that can make these molecules, scientists concluded that eukaryotes—probably simple, amoebalike creatures—must have evolved by 2.7 billion years ago. ...
identification of a chloroplast dehydrin in leaves of mature plants
... termed dehydrins. Dehydrins accumulate in vegetative tissues during conditions that impose dehydration stress, such as drought, cold, freezing, and salinity (Bray 1993; Thomashow 1999), and in the maturation phase of embryogenesis (Close 1996). Many dehydrins also accumulate following the applicatio ...
... termed dehydrins. Dehydrins accumulate in vegetative tissues during conditions that impose dehydration stress, such as drought, cold, freezing, and salinity (Bray 1993; Thomashow 1999), and in the maturation phase of embryogenesis (Close 1996). Many dehydrins also accumulate following the applicatio ...
The regulation and function of Class III PI3Ks: novel roles for Vps34
... domain fold in the PI3Ks is related to that of PLCγ (phospholipase Cγ ), and is likely to be involved with interactions with acidic phospholipids rather than Ca2+ [22]. The helical domain has an important regulatory role in Class IA PI3K catalytic domains, where it mediates inhibitory contacts with ...
... domain fold in the PI3Ks is related to that of PLCγ (phospholipase Cγ ), and is likely to be involved with interactions with acidic phospholipids rather than Ca2+ [22]. The helical domain has an important regulatory role in Class IA PI3K catalytic domains, where it mediates inhibitory contacts with ...
Membrane Proteins: Capturing the signal | eLife
... than the signal peptides of secreted proteins. These results raise a perplexing question. The classical model suggests that SRP binding would lock the ribosome into a conformation that is incompatible with the binding of other molecules called translational factors, which are needed for translation ...
... than the signal peptides of secreted proteins. These results raise a perplexing question. The classical model suggests that SRP binding would lock the ribosome into a conformation that is incompatible with the binding of other molecules called translational factors, which are needed for translation ...
A Pseudomonas aeruginosa Type VI Secretion Phospholipase D Effector Targets Both Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
... the peptidoglycan cell wall (Russell et al., 2011). Tse2 is a cytoplasmic effector that acts as a potent inhibitor of target cell proliferation (Li et al., 2012). And an Rhs (rearrangement hotspot) protein from Dickeya dadantii was shown to be exported by a T6S system, and its C-terminal domain carr ...
... the peptidoglycan cell wall (Russell et al., 2011). Tse2 is a cytoplasmic effector that acts as a potent inhibitor of target cell proliferation (Li et al., 2012). And an Rhs (rearrangement hotspot) protein from Dickeya dadantii was shown to be exported by a T6S system, and its C-terminal domain carr ...
Intracellular Protein Degradation
... they challenged directly Schoenheimer’s studies. Now, after more then six decades of research in the field and with the discovery of the lysosome and later the complex ubiquitin-proteasome system with its numerous tributaries, it is clear that the area has been revolutionized. We now realize that in ...
... they challenged directly Schoenheimer’s studies. Now, after more then six decades of research in the field and with the discovery of the lysosome and later the complex ubiquitin-proteasome system with its numerous tributaries, it is clear that the area has been revolutionized. We now realize that in ...
receptors
... • Calcium can bind directly to effector proteins, altering their activity • The protein calmodulin mediates calciumactivated processes in the cell • Calmodulin has a structure like an arm with a hand at each end; each binds two Ca2+ ...
... • Calcium can bind directly to effector proteins, altering their activity • The protein calmodulin mediates calciumactivated processes in the cell • Calmodulin has a structure like an arm with a hand at each end; each binds two Ca2+ ...
MINI REVIEW Lectin-like proteins in model organisms: implications
... mannose 6-phosphate receptors appear to be a more recent and possibly more specialized carbohydrate recognition system of animal cells. C-type lectin-like proteins C-type lectins are the most diverse family of animal lectins. These lectins are generally multidomain proteins, in which C-type CRDs pro ...
... mannose 6-phosphate receptors appear to be a more recent and possibly more specialized carbohydrate recognition system of animal cells. C-type lectin-like proteins C-type lectins are the most diverse family of animal lectins. These lectins are generally multidomain proteins, in which C-type CRDs pro ...
A Sugar-Inducible Protein Kinase, VvSK1, Regulates Hexose
... directed by previous data showing that members of the GSK3 family are involved in the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism in eukaryotic cells (Embi et al., 1980; Woodgett and Cohen, 1984; Kempa et al., 2007). The full-length cDNA was amplified by PCR using a cDNA library prepared from postvéraiso ...
... directed by previous data showing that members of the GSK3 family are involved in the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism in eukaryotic cells (Embi et al., 1980; Woodgett and Cohen, 1984; Kempa et al., 2007). The full-length cDNA was amplified by PCR using a cDNA library prepared from postvéraiso ...
Vipp1: a very important protein in plastids?!
... cells with filamentous phages, whereby the phage gene pIV protein was found to induce pspA expression to extremely high levels (Brissette et al., 1990). It was subsequently shown that PspA is a member of a bacterial stress response system, referred to as the ‘phage shock protein system’ (Psp system) ...
... cells with filamentous phages, whereby the phage gene pIV protein was found to induce pspA expression to extremely high levels (Brissette et al., 1990). It was subsequently shown that PspA is a member of a bacterial stress response system, referred to as the ‘phage shock protein system’ (Psp system) ...
GYP5 - Genetics
... shown to be a GAP for Ypt1p (DE ANTONI et al. 2002), a Rab GTPase involved in ER to Golgi trafficking (BACON et al. 1989, SEGEV, 1991; for review see LAZAR et al. 1997). Gyl1p is a protein with sequence similarity to Gyp5 and has been shown to colocalize with Gyp5p (CHESNEAU et al. 2004). We show th ...
... shown to be a GAP for Ypt1p (DE ANTONI et al. 2002), a Rab GTPase involved in ER to Golgi trafficking (BACON et al. 1989, SEGEV, 1991; for review see LAZAR et al. 1997). Gyl1p is a protein with sequence similarity to Gyp5 and has been shown to colocalize with Gyp5p (CHESNEAU et al. 2004). We show th ...
72 2. INTRODUCTION: THE ROLE OF ONCOGENES IN SIGNAL
... dephosphorylation of the receptor by enhanced tyrosine phosphatase activity. Pretreatment of KBalb membranes with 1 mM Na3VO4, a known tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor, prior to the in vitro kinase reaction also had no effect on the level of PDGF-betaR phosphorylation in KBalb membranes following PDGF ...
... dephosphorylation of the receptor by enhanced tyrosine phosphatase activity. Pretreatment of KBalb membranes with 1 mM Na3VO4, a known tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor, prior to the in vitro kinase reaction also had no effect on the level of PDGF-betaR phosphorylation in KBalb membranes following PDGF ...
Flagellar Morphology and Mechanisms of Bacterial Motility
... Motile bacteria move using flagella, threadlike projections that extend out from the cell wall. While you can see the bacterial cells under the high-power objective of a light microscope, most flagella are are so thin that they cannot be visualized with brightfield microscopy and are 15 - 20 µm in l ...
... Motile bacteria move using flagella, threadlike projections that extend out from the cell wall. While you can see the bacterial cells under the high-power objective of a light microscope, most flagella are are so thin that they cannot be visualized with brightfield microscopy and are 15 - 20 µm in l ...
RNA Interference of Signal Peptide-binding Protein SRP54 Elicits
... cerevisiae, and E. coli proteins, 51.3, 44.8, and 30.8%, respectively. The protein sequence was also compared with the SRP54 from Leishmania major that we have recently cloned and sequenced (GenBankTM accession number AY064402). As expected, the protein is mostly related to the L. major protein (ide ...
... cerevisiae, and E. coli proteins, 51.3, 44.8, and 30.8%, respectively. The protein sequence was also compared with the SRP54 from Leishmania major that we have recently cloned and sequenced (GenBankTM accession number AY064402). As expected, the protein is mostly related to the L. major protein (ide ...
Heat shock proteins: the search for functions.
... be ones originally selected as bacterial genes involved in the replication of bacteriophages (23, 24). From studies of these mutants we know that the E. coli HSP70 is the product of the dnaK gene and interacts with lambda phage O and P proteins during phage replication (38). This interaction affects ...
... be ones originally selected as bacterial genes involved in the replication of bacteriophages (23, 24). From studies of these mutants we know that the E. coli HSP70 is the product of the dnaK gene and interacts with lambda phage O and P proteins during phage replication (38). This interaction affects ...
Surface Color Lock Vita Complex
... limited to a hair fibre’s cross-sectional diameter, moisture content, surface roughness and structural damage. Hair that does not have the essential strength elements tends to break, form split ends and wear during normal daily grooming. Factors leading to daily breakage are; curling and straighteni ...
... limited to a hair fibre’s cross-sectional diameter, moisture content, surface roughness and structural damage. Hair that does not have the essential strength elements tends to break, form split ends and wear during normal daily grooming. Factors leading to daily breakage are; curling and straighteni ...
The Sec34/35 Golgi Transport Complex Is Related to the Exocyst
... homologies could be found by searching with members of any of these three families. Thus, an iterative search with human Dor1p finds the ANG2 family and then the Sec5 family, while a search with Sec5 family members finds the ANG2 family and then the Dor1p family. Indeed, a simple BLAST search with A ...
... homologies could be found by searching with members of any of these three families. Thus, an iterative search with human Dor1p finds the ANG2 family and then the Sec5 family, while a search with Sec5 family members finds the ANG2 family and then the Dor1p family. Indeed, a simple BLAST search with A ...
Cdk1 regulates centrosome separation by restraining proteolysis of
... kinase activity leads to failure in centrosome separation (Glover et al, 1995; Giet et al, 1999). Similarly, inhibition of polo kinase in Drosophila and human cells results in an inability to separate centrosomes (Sunkel and Glover, 1988; Lane and Nigg, 1996). Although the role of Cin8 and Kip1 in S ...
... kinase activity leads to failure in centrosome separation (Glover et al, 1995; Giet et al, 1999). Similarly, inhibition of polo kinase in Drosophila and human cells results in an inability to separate centrosomes (Sunkel and Glover, 1988; Lane and Nigg, 1996). Although the role of Cin8 and Kip1 in S ...
Protein phosphorylation
Protein phosphorylation is a post-translational modification of proteins in which an amino acid residue is phosphorylated by a protein kinase by the addition of a covalently bound phosphate group. Phosphorylation alters the structural conformation of a protein, causing it to become activated, deactivated, or modifying its function. The reverse reaction of phosphorylation is called dephosphorylation, and is catalyzed by protein phosphatases. Protein kinases and phosphatases work independently and in a balance to regulate the function of proteins. The amino acids most commonly phosphorylated are serine, threonine, and tyrosine in eukaryotes, and histidine in prokaryotes, which play important and well-characterized roles in signaling pathways and metabolism. However, many other amino acids can also be phosphorylated, including arginine, lysine, and cysteine. Protein phosphorylation was first reported in 1906 by Phoebus Levene at the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research with the discovery of phosphorylated vitellin. However, it was nearly 50 years until the enzymatic phosphorylation of proteins by protein kinases was discovered.