Biochemical Journal
... Abbreviations used: Ago2, Argonaute 2; ARE, AU-rich element; ASK1, apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1; ATF, activating transcription factor; BAF60, BRG1-associated factor 60; CDK, cyclin-dependent kinase; C/EBP, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein; c-IAP1/2, cellular inhibitor of apoptosis 1/2; CREB, c ...
... Abbreviations used: Ago2, Argonaute 2; ARE, AU-rich element; ASK1, apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1; ATF, activating transcription factor; BAF60, BRG1-associated factor 60; CDK, cyclin-dependent kinase; C/EBP, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein; c-IAP1/2, cellular inhibitor of apoptosis 1/2; CREB, c ...
Nutrient‑regulated gene expression in eukaryotes
... to occur [18]. The dissociation model (Figure 1B) is supported by data indicating that Gal3p is located predominately in the cytoplasm of yeast cells [17] and that the expression of a myristoylated version of the protein (which targets it to the plasma membrane) does not unduly impair the induction ...
... to occur [18]. The dissociation model (Figure 1B) is supported by data indicating that Gal3p is located predominately in the cytoplasm of yeast cells [17] and that the expression of a myristoylated version of the protein (which targets it to the plasma membrane) does not unduly impair the induction ...
Better check late than never: The chromosome segregation
... correct spindle pole. Lagging chromosomes often result in micronuclei, a major mechanism of chromosomal instability in cancer cells [1]. However, various lines of evidence indicate that incomplete chromosome separation can delay transition to telophase, suggesting a surveillance mechanism beyond the ...
... correct spindle pole. Lagging chromosomes often result in micronuclei, a major mechanism of chromosomal instability in cancer cells [1]. However, various lines of evidence indicate that incomplete chromosome separation can delay transition to telophase, suggesting a surveillance mechanism beyond the ...
Vp-1 Neurospora crassa circadian clock in chemostat culture
... severely impaired for virulence. The Bos1 histidine kinase therefore constitutes a major pathogenicity factor of B. cinerea. BOS1 presumably regulates a signal-transduction cascade involved in osmosensing comparable to the HOG (high-osmolarity glycerol) pathway of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In contra ...
... severely impaired for virulence. The Bos1 histidine kinase therefore constitutes a major pathogenicity factor of B. cinerea. BOS1 presumably regulates a signal-transduction cascade involved in osmosensing comparable to the HOG (high-osmolarity glycerol) pathway of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In contra ...
Capturing protein interactions in the secretory pathway of living cells
... into the lumen of the ER, where modification, folding, and oligomerization occur, before proteins are further transported along the secretory pathway. The folding and modification processes involve numerous ER resident proteins that are believed to operate as a quality control machinery that surveys ...
... into the lumen of the ER, where modification, folding, and oligomerization occur, before proteins are further transported along the secretory pathway. The folding and modification processes involve numerous ER resident proteins that are believed to operate as a quality control machinery that surveys ...
Single-molecule imaging in live bacteria cells
... diffusing molecules tend to reach the boundaries of the cell in a short time [1]. Furthermore, single-molecule imaging of membrane-bound molecules requires an analysis that is mindful of the curvature of the outer envelope. As technology advances, such difficulties lessen and the advantages of the u ...
... diffusing molecules tend to reach the boundaries of the cell in a short time [1]. Furthermore, single-molecule imaging of membrane-bound molecules requires an analysis that is mindful of the curvature of the outer envelope. As technology advances, such difficulties lessen and the advantages of the u ...
Microbes Thriving in Extreme Environments
... rRNA and tRNA was revealed, whereas such correlation for DNA was not found (Wang et al., 2006). The alternative mechanisms, that can stabilize secondary structure of a DNA molecule, are its association with cationic proteins (HMf and Sac families, DNABPII), which provides additional DNA spiralizatio ...
... rRNA and tRNA was revealed, whereas such correlation for DNA was not found (Wang et al., 2006). The alternative mechanisms, that can stabilize secondary structure of a DNA molecule, are its association with cationic proteins (HMf and Sac families, DNABPII), which provides additional DNA spiralizatio ...
Passage 36
... transcribed into a molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA), which reproduces the information contained in that (5) sequence. Transported outside the nucleus to the cytoplasm, the mRNA is translated into the protein it encodes by an organelle known as a ribosome, which strings together amino acids in the or ...
... transcribed into a molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA), which reproduces the information contained in that (5) sequence. Transported outside the nucleus to the cytoplasm, the mRNA is translated into the protein it encodes by an organelle known as a ribosome, which strings together amino acids in the or ...
Nuclear and nucleolar targeting of human ribosomal protein
... of a FLAG-tagged RPS25 (FL-RPS25). Abbreviations; CMV: cytomegalovirus promoter, FLAG: the FLAG epitope-encoding region (in the stippled box). The cDNA for RPS25 was a composite of synthetic oligonucleotides (solid black box) and a DNA fragment from a cDNA clone of HeLa cells (hatched box with the n ...
... of a FLAG-tagged RPS25 (FL-RPS25). Abbreviations; CMV: cytomegalovirus promoter, FLAG: the FLAG epitope-encoding region (in the stippled box). The cDNA for RPS25 was a composite of synthetic oligonucleotides (solid black box) and a DNA fragment from a cDNA clone of HeLa cells (hatched box with the n ...
Discovery of a novel ligand that modulates the
... Fig. 3 Discovery of new Liddean-dependent interaction motifs for reptin. Next generation sequencing of peptide-phage pool obtained from a reptin screen in the apo and ligand bound state. Reptin was captured onto the solid phase without or with ligands ADP or Liddean. After selection of the peptide l ...
... Fig. 3 Discovery of new Liddean-dependent interaction motifs for reptin. Next generation sequencing of peptide-phage pool obtained from a reptin screen in the apo and ligand bound state. Reptin was captured onto the solid phase without or with ligands ADP or Liddean. After selection of the peptide l ...
tr-kit promotes the formation of a multimolecular complex composed
... inhibited tr-kit-induced cell cycle resumption, suggesting that protein–protein interactions through SH3 domains are crucial in the pathway that leads to the stimulation of PLCg1 activity and oocyte activation. However, the relevant partners that interact with the SH3 domains of PLCg1 and Fyn were n ...
... inhibited tr-kit-induced cell cycle resumption, suggesting that protein–protein interactions through SH3 domains are crucial in the pathway that leads to the stimulation of PLCg1 activity and oocyte activation. However, the relevant partners that interact with the SH3 domains of PLCg1 and Fyn were n ...
the versatile bacterial type iv secretion systems
... Collectively, this diversity of function in the face of a common ancestry makes the T4S machines attractive subjects for comparative studies that explore the dynamics of organelle assembly and action. Additionally, from a medical perspective, it is of enormous interest to develop a detailed understa ...
... Collectively, this diversity of function in the face of a common ancestry makes the T4S machines attractive subjects for comparative studies that explore the dynamics of organelle assembly and action. Additionally, from a medical perspective, it is of enormous interest to develop a detailed understa ...
PLoS Pathogens
... leguminous host plants. In this study, we characterized NopM (nodulation outer protein M) of Rhizobium sp. strain NGR234, which shows sequence similarities with novel E3 ubiquitin ligase (NEL) domain effectors from the human pathogens Shigella flexneri and Salomonella enterica. NopM expressed in Esc ...
... leguminous host plants. In this study, we characterized NopM (nodulation outer protein M) of Rhizobium sp. strain NGR234, which shows sequence similarities with novel E3 ubiquitin ligase (NEL) domain effectors from the human pathogens Shigella flexneri and Salomonella enterica. NopM expressed in Esc ...
Gene Section CLTCL1 (clathrin heavy polypeptide-like 1) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
... ? t(2;22)(p23;q11.2)- ALK Note CLTCL1/ALK may in fact be cases of CLTC/ALK Disease ? found in a case of ALK+ anaplasic large cell lymphoma. Abnormal protein ? 2197 amino acids, 248-250 kDa; 1634 (nearly all the CLTCL1 protein) N-term amino acids from CLTCL1, fused to the 562 C-term amino acids from ...
... ? t(2;22)(p23;q11.2)- ALK Note CLTCL1/ALK may in fact be cases of CLTC/ALK Disease ? found in a case of ALK+ anaplasic large cell lymphoma. Abnormal protein ? 2197 amino acids, 248-250 kDa; 1634 (nearly all the CLTCL1 protein) N-term amino acids from CLTCL1, fused to the 562 C-term amino acids from ...
The TOR signalling network from yeast to man
... While it is not known how, or even if, y/mTORC2 is regulated, y/mTORC1 is—via yet poorly understood mechanisms—regulated by nutrient quality and/or abundance. In addition, mTORC1 activity is influenced by growth factors, energy, and cellular stress, and recent studies in fly and mammalian tissue cul ...
... While it is not known how, or even if, y/mTORC2 is regulated, y/mTORC1 is—via yet poorly understood mechanisms—regulated by nutrient quality and/or abundance. In addition, mTORC1 activity is influenced by growth factors, energy, and cellular stress, and recent studies in fly and mammalian tissue cul ...
Bacterial ancestry of actin and tubulin Fusinita van den Ent, Linda
... shall focus on tubulin and actin and their putative homologues in prokaryotic cells. The eukaryotic cytoskeleton is not a static structure. The polymers of the cytoskeleton are highly dynamic, allowing the cytoskeleton to rapidly re-organise. Owing to the polymerisation dynamics, the polymers have t ...
... shall focus on tubulin and actin and their putative homologues in prokaryotic cells. The eukaryotic cytoskeleton is not a static structure. The polymers of the cytoskeleton are highly dynamic, allowing the cytoskeleton to rapidly re-organise. Owing to the polymerisation dynamics, the polymers have t ...
metabolic regulation
... stabilises a particular 3D structure of the enzyme or causes the enzyme to a adopt a new, particular 3D structure. [The Concerted and Sequential models mentioned earlier explain what happens in these two different ...
... stabilises a particular 3D structure of the enzyme or causes the enzyme to a adopt a new, particular 3D structure. [The Concerted and Sequential models mentioned earlier explain what happens in these two different ...
Why are bacteria different from eukaryotes? INTERVIE W Open Access Julie A Theriot*
... Turning to the actin cytoskeleton, this is also vital for many of the eukaryotic-specific features we have discussed. Dynamic actin assembly and disassembly are necessary for phagocytosis, to separate a large membraneous organelle from the plasma membrane compartment, and to also capture an endosymb ...
... Turning to the actin cytoskeleton, this is also vital for many of the eukaryotic-specific features we have discussed. Dynamic actin assembly and disassembly are necessary for phagocytosis, to separate a large membraneous organelle from the plasma membrane compartment, and to also capture an endosymb ...
Document
... • HXT1 induction by glucose is specific, not related to a general rapamycin Txp/Tsl defect TOR pathway is actively involved in the induction of expression of HXT1 by glucose Ref: Tomas-Cobos 2005 ...
... • HXT1 induction by glucose is specific, not related to a general rapamycin Txp/Tsl defect TOR pathway is actively involved in the induction of expression of HXT1 by glucose Ref: Tomas-Cobos 2005 ...
Inhibition of signal transduction pathways involved in inflammation G. Haegeman
... included, which explains glucocorticoid action, and additionally points to an alternative or cooperative way of how to block inflammatory gene expression. ...
... included, which explains glucocorticoid action, and additionally points to an alternative or cooperative way of how to block inflammatory gene expression. ...
Lecture 10 golgi
... Golgi complex varies in size and form in different cell types but usually has similar organization for any one kind of cells. ...
... Golgi complex varies in size and form in different cell types but usually has similar organization for any one kind of cells. ...
membranes (Ms. Shivani Bhagwat)
... category of transmembrane proteins. In humans, 27% of all proteins have been estimated to be alpha-helical membrane proteins. Beta-barrels. These proteins are so far found only in outer membranes of Gram-negative bacteria, cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria, and outer membranes of mitochondria and ...
... category of transmembrane proteins. In humans, 27% of all proteins have been estimated to be alpha-helical membrane proteins. Beta-barrels. These proteins are so far found only in outer membranes of Gram-negative bacteria, cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria, and outer membranes of mitochondria and ...
AMP-activated protein kinase induces apoptosis in LX2 cell
... Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are a major fibrogenic cell type which contributes to extracellular matrix accumulation during chronic liver diseases. HSCs also play a critical role in the resolution of hepatic fibrosis, where activated HSCs take place apoptosis. So inducing apotosis of HSCs is ...
... Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are a major fibrogenic cell type which contributes to extracellular matrix accumulation during chronic liver diseases. HSCs also play a critical role in the resolution of hepatic fibrosis, where activated HSCs take place apoptosis. So inducing apotosis of HSCs is ...
The extracellular matix (ECM) Three types of molecules are
... 1. proteoglycan: a glycoproteins, high viscosity, it can bound variety of ECMs 2. Collagen fibers: provide mechanical strength and resilience. 3. Soluble multiadhesive matrix proteins: bind to and cross-link cell-surface adhesion receptors and other ECM components Adhesion receptor (molecule) can bi ...
... 1. proteoglycan: a glycoproteins, high viscosity, it can bound variety of ECMs 2. Collagen fibers: provide mechanical strength and resilience. 3. Soluble multiadhesive matrix proteins: bind to and cross-link cell-surface adhesion receptors and other ECM components Adhesion receptor (molecule) can bi ...
AHD Geddes CADASIL Feb 27
... Mutations show differential Jagged1 binding and RBP/JK transcriptional activity (Joutel 2004) ...
... Mutations show differential Jagged1 binding and RBP/JK transcriptional activity (Joutel 2004) ...
Protein phosphorylation
Protein phosphorylation is a post-translational modification of proteins in which an amino acid residue is phosphorylated by a protein kinase by the addition of a covalently bound phosphate group. Phosphorylation alters the structural conformation of a protein, causing it to become activated, deactivated, or modifying its function. The reverse reaction of phosphorylation is called dephosphorylation, and is catalyzed by protein phosphatases. Protein kinases and phosphatases work independently and in a balance to regulate the function of proteins. The amino acids most commonly phosphorylated are serine, threonine, and tyrosine in eukaryotes, and histidine in prokaryotes, which play important and well-characterized roles in signaling pathways and metabolism. However, many other amino acids can also be phosphorylated, including arginine, lysine, and cysteine. Protein phosphorylation was first reported in 1906 by Phoebus Levene at the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research with the discovery of phosphorylated vitellin. However, it was nearly 50 years until the enzymatic phosphorylation of proteins by protein kinases was discovered.