Identification of a Cell Cycle-Related Cene, Cyclin, in Nicotiana
... different times. However, the NTCYCl gene product cannot be assigned unequivocally as A or B type because consensus sequences of both types are partially conserved within NTCYCl. In the cyclin box region, the tobacco cyclin shares 41% sequence identity with the human cyclins of both A and B types. A ...
... different times. However, the NTCYCl gene product cannot be assigned unequivocally as A or B type because consensus sequences of both types are partially conserved within NTCYCl. In the cyclin box region, the tobacco cyclin shares 41% sequence identity with the human cyclins of both A and B types. A ...
A secondary structure motif predictive of protein localization to the
... of the C-Incs. This was true for analyses of complete protein sequences, analyses of only the predicted hydrophobic motifs or analyses of the genes remaining after removal of the bilobed hydrophobic region. In some cases, however, there are clear examples of relationships among individual C-Incs bet ...
... of the C-Incs. This was true for analyses of complete protein sequences, analyses of only the predicted hydrophobic motifs or analyses of the genes remaining after removal of the bilobed hydrophobic region. In some cases, however, there are clear examples of relationships among individual C-Incs bet ...
- blogs@NTU
... chloroplast [13], have been isolated from plants; however, so far the isolation of vesicles has been an insurmountable challenge. In mammalian cells, immunoisolation of vesicles has been performed, for example, from mouse brain cells [14] and has provided insights into trafficking pathways. However ...
... chloroplast [13], have been isolated from plants; however, so far the isolation of vesicles has been an insurmountable challenge. In mammalian cells, immunoisolation of vesicles has been performed, for example, from mouse brain cells [14] and has provided insights into trafficking pathways. However ...
A Distinct and Parallel Pathway for the Nuclear Import of an mRNA
... Nup1p (Fig. 4 a). Kap95p gave a stronger signal with all the nucleoporins tested, including Nup2p (Fig. 4 a). The ladder of bands detected with the nucleoporins Nup1p and Nup2p suggests that these proteins have undergone some proteolytic degradation and the Kap95p is able to recognize the proteolyti ...
... Nup1p (Fig. 4 a). Kap95p gave a stronger signal with all the nucleoporins tested, including Nup2p (Fig. 4 a). The ladder of bands detected with the nucleoporins Nup1p and Nup2p suggests that these proteins have undergone some proteolytic degradation and the Kap95p is able to recognize the proteolyti ...
The protein import apparatus of chloroplasts
... translocation process. It is therefore likely that the polypeptide, fold into a certain tertiary and globular structure before translocation is initiated. Yet it is unlikely that a large globular macromolecule is able to penetrate a membrane in a specific and ordered fashion. In vivo cytosolic facto ...
... translocation process. It is therefore likely that the polypeptide, fold into a certain tertiary and globular structure before translocation is initiated. Yet it is unlikely that a large globular macromolecule is able to penetrate a membrane in a specific and ordered fashion. In vivo cytosolic facto ...
Unusual Prokaryotic Envelope Cyanobacterial Cell Walls
... and cell wall proteins of the evolutionary very ancient Thermus group, a result which fits well into the hypothesis that these two prokaryotic groups are rather closely related (22, 46). Compared with other SLH domains in bacterial S-layers or extracellular proteins, the cyanobacterial and Thermus S ...
... and cell wall proteins of the evolutionary very ancient Thermus group, a result which fits well into the hypothesis that these two prokaryotic groups are rather closely related (22, 46). Compared with other SLH domains in bacterial S-layers or extracellular proteins, the cyanobacterial and Thermus S ...
![[Frontiers in Bioscience, 5, d50-57, January 1, 2000] THE CONTROL](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/017171575_1-70635603f98612e3c5ac310e8691f919-300x300.png)
[Frontiers in Bioscience, 5, d50-57, January 1, 2000] THE CONTROL
... multisubunit complex that promotes the proteosomemediated proteolysis of key regulators of mitosis. However, very little is known about the functions of the individual APC/C components and how the function of these components is regulated. Is the activity of the APC/C an all-or-nothing mechanism ? I ...
... multisubunit complex that promotes the proteosomemediated proteolysis of key regulators of mitosis. However, very little is known about the functions of the individual APC/C components and how the function of these components is regulated. Is the activity of the APC/C an all-or-nothing mechanism ? I ...
Usha`s project - The University of Texas at Dallas
... function of a protein. This is because it was assumed that proteins with similar sequences have similar functions and structures and are evolutionary related.. However sequence similarity searches can evolutionary relationships only when there is a sequence identity up to 25%. For those proteins bel ...
... function of a protein. This is because it was assumed that proteins with similar sequences have similar functions and structures and are evolutionary related.. However sequence similarity searches can evolutionary relationships only when there is a sequence identity up to 25%. For those proteins bel ...
Higher Expression Level and Lower Toxicity of Genetically Spliced
... domains that contribute to its multiple functions. The domain functions include diarrhea-induction, which is attributed to amino acids 114-135 in the cytoplasmic tail, and calcium binding. A synthetic peptide corresponding to the diarrhea-inducing domain, was shown to induce diarrhea in neonatal mic ...
... domains that contribute to its multiple functions. The domain functions include diarrhea-induction, which is attributed to amino acids 114-135 in the cytoplasmic tail, and calcium binding. A synthetic peptide corresponding to the diarrhea-inducing domain, was shown to induce diarrhea in neonatal mic ...
Neisseria conserved hypothetical protein DMP12
... DNA mimic proteins are unique factors that control the DNA-binding activity of target proteins by directly occupying their DNA-binding sites. To date, only a few DNA mimic proteins have been reported and their functions analyzed. Here, we present evidence that the Neisseria conserved hypothetical pr ...
... DNA mimic proteins are unique factors that control the DNA-binding activity of target proteins by directly occupying their DNA-binding sites. To date, only a few DNA mimic proteins have been reported and their functions analyzed. Here, we present evidence that the Neisseria conserved hypothetical pr ...
The orphan histidine protein kinase SgmT is a cdiGMP receptor and
... ensures specificity in TCS signalling and precludes deleterious cross-talk in vivo depends on the kinetic preference of cognate TCS protein pairs for each other (Skerker et al., 2005; Laub and Goulian, 2007). Typically, cognate TCS partners are encoded by adjacent genes and easily recognized (Stock ...
... ensures specificity in TCS signalling and precludes deleterious cross-talk in vivo depends on the kinetic preference of cognate TCS protein pairs for each other (Skerker et al., 2005; Laub and Goulian, 2007). Typically, cognate TCS partners are encoded by adjacent genes and easily recognized (Stock ...
N-Methylated Amino Acids
... Considerable research effort has been directed to the role of histone lysine and arginine N-methylation. In addition to other post-translational modifications including phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and acetylation, N-methylation is suggested to be involved in eukaryotic genome and gene regulati ...
... Considerable research effort has been directed to the role of histone lysine and arginine N-methylation. In addition to other post-translational modifications including phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and acetylation, N-methylation is suggested to be involved in eukaryotic genome and gene regulati ...
Translation is the process where mRNA codons are used to produce
... base-triplets (codons) that come after it, mRNA is read 3 bases at a time. – A single mRNA can have several ribosomes on it at one time – In prokaryotes a Shine-Delgano Sequence of –AGGA- must precede the AUG for initiation (not required in eukaryotes) • Prokaryotic Shine-Delgano sequence on mRNA ‘5 ...
... base-triplets (codons) that come after it, mRNA is read 3 bases at a time. – A single mRNA can have several ribosomes on it at one time – In prokaryotes a Shine-Delgano Sequence of –AGGA- must precede the AUG for initiation (not required in eukaryotes) • Prokaryotic Shine-Delgano sequence on mRNA ‘5 ...
Protein Import, Replication, and Inheritance of a Vestigial
... putative amino-terminal targeting presequences (16, 21–23). Their mitosomal localization, however, suggests that these proteins are imported into the organelle via non-cleavable targeting signals that may be equivalent to those from a number of luminal mitochondrial proteins such as oxoacyl-CoA thio ...
... putative amino-terminal targeting presequences (16, 21–23). Their mitosomal localization, however, suggests that these proteins are imported into the organelle via non-cleavable targeting signals that may be equivalent to those from a number of luminal mitochondrial proteins such as oxoacyl-CoA thio ...
Functional specialization of Medicago truncatula leaves and
... formation of protein bodies and the targeting of seed storage proteins to protein storage vacuoles (PSVs). In a number of these studies, seed storage proteins have also been expressed in transgenic leaf cells to establish how the protein is deposited in protein storage vacuoles (Castelli and Vitale ...
... formation of protein bodies and the targeting of seed storage proteins to protein storage vacuoles (PSVs). In a number of these studies, seed storage proteins have also been expressed in transgenic leaf cells to establish how the protein is deposited in protein storage vacuoles (Castelli and Vitale ...
Plant hormone receptors: perception is everything
... ethylene, and brassinosteroids (BR) use well-characterized signaling modules such as those involving receptor kinases, but in the case of the ethylene and BR receptors, there appear to be additional functions aside from the hormone they perceive. Auxin and gibberellin perception require unique mecha ...
... ethylene, and brassinosteroids (BR) use well-characterized signaling modules such as those involving receptor kinases, but in the case of the ethylene and BR receptors, there appear to be additional functions aside from the hormone they perceive. Auxin and gibberellin perception require unique mecha ...
Human Signaling Protein 14-3-3 Interacts With
... and proto-oncogene products. Association with and regulation of proteins with key signaling roles such as Raf-1, protein kinase C, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase by 14-3-3 has been described.12,14,15 This group may have their kinase activity altered by this binding depending on the experimental c ...
... and proto-oncogene products. Association with and regulation of proteins with key signaling roles such as Raf-1, protein kinase C, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase by 14-3-3 has been described.12,14,15 This group may have their kinase activity altered by this binding depending on the experimental c ...
1. Introduction Chemotaxis Chemotaxis is the net movement of a
... has been solved separately, but the interactions between them that govern regulation of kinase activity are still poorly understood. The sequence ...
... has been solved separately, but the interactions between them that govern regulation of kinase activity are still poorly understood. The sequence ...
1 a dictyostelium mutant with reduced lysozyme levels compensates
... the level of expression of the lysozyme P isoform to compensate for their deficiency, they remain much more sensitive to infections of the lung (14). Lysozymes are not only found in animals but are also present in numerous phylogenetically diverse organisms such as plants, fungi, bacteria, and bacte ...
... the level of expression of the lysozyme P isoform to compensate for their deficiency, they remain much more sensitive to infections of the lung (14). Lysozymes are not only found in animals but are also present in numerous phylogenetically diverse organisms such as plants, fungi, bacteria, and bacte ...
Modification of the signal sequence cleavage site of
... of sequence homology, they do contain three recognizable domains: (i) a positively charged amino-terminus (1–5 residues in length); (ii) a central hydrophobic domain (7–15 residues in length); and (iii) a neutral but polar C-terminal domain. Statistical analyses of the amino acid sequences surroundi ...
... of sequence homology, they do contain three recognizable domains: (i) a positively charged amino-terminus (1–5 residues in length); (ii) a central hydrophobic domain (7–15 residues in length); and (iii) a neutral but polar C-terminal domain. Statistical analyses of the amino acid sequences surroundi ...
... level of resolution depicted in such general schemes as part A of the figure. Although still far from clear, this mechanistic analysis is most advanced for LacY, in large part owing to the experimental efforts of Kaback’s group (11). The lactose- and proton-binding sites contain distinct sets of ami ...
NO 3
... further into nitrous oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (N2O), and ultimately nitrogen gas (N2). Assimilation: ammonia can be directly assimilated into organic compounds inside cells, producing amino groups (-NH2). Excretion: during excretion, fermentation, and other catabolic processes, excess amino grou ...
... further into nitrous oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (N2O), and ultimately nitrogen gas (N2). Assimilation: ammonia can be directly assimilated into organic compounds inside cells, producing amino groups (-NH2). Excretion: during excretion, fermentation, and other catabolic processes, excess amino grou ...
pdf version
... bioluminescence system (R/I system), many QS circuits have been described in different species of Gramnegative bacteria1. Only a few of these systems have been studied at the molecular level. In this review, selected examples will be used to illustrate the complexity that underlies quorum sensing in ...
... bioluminescence system (R/I system), many QS circuits have been described in different species of Gramnegative bacteria1. Only a few of these systems have been studied at the molecular level. In this review, selected examples will be used to illustrate the complexity that underlies quorum sensing in ...
Auxin-binding proteins without KDEL sequence in the moss Funaria
... fungi, auxin is produced and detectable as secondary metabolite, although its function in these organisms is not yet known. The role of auxin as plant hormone in early land plants has been documented starting from the bryophytes (Cooke et al. 2002; Johri 2004, 2008; Paponov et al. 2009; Sztein et al ...
... fungi, auxin is produced and detectable as secondary metabolite, although its function in these organisms is not yet known. The role of auxin as plant hormone in early land plants has been documented starting from the bryophytes (Cooke et al. 2002; Johri 2004, 2008; Paponov et al. 2009; Sztein et al ...
Proteins - virtual laboratories
... As you might remember from chemistry, carbon atoms (C) form four bonds, and where these are all single bonds, the basic structure of the atoms bound to a C is tetrahedral. We can think of an amino acid as a (highly) modified form of methane (CH4), with the C referred to as the alpha carbon (Cα). Ins ...
... As you might remember from chemistry, carbon atoms (C) form four bonds, and where these are all single bonds, the basic structure of the atoms bound to a C is tetrahedral. We can think of an amino acid as a (highly) modified form of methane (CH4), with the C referred to as the alpha carbon (Cα). Ins ...
Protein phosphorylation
Protein phosphorylation is a post-translational modification of proteins in which an amino acid residue is phosphorylated by a protein kinase by the addition of a covalently bound phosphate group. Phosphorylation alters the structural conformation of a protein, causing it to become activated, deactivated, or modifying its function. The reverse reaction of phosphorylation is called dephosphorylation, and is catalyzed by protein phosphatases. Protein kinases and phosphatases work independently and in a balance to regulate the function of proteins. The amino acids most commonly phosphorylated are serine, threonine, and tyrosine in eukaryotes, and histidine in prokaryotes, which play important and well-characterized roles in signaling pathways and metabolism. However, many other amino acids can also be phosphorylated, including arginine, lysine, and cysteine. Protein phosphorylation was first reported in 1906 by Phoebus Levene at the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research with the discovery of phosphorylated vitellin. However, it was nearly 50 years until the enzymatic phosphorylation of proteins by protein kinases was discovered.