The plant endoplasmic reticulum: a cell-wide web
... factors that regulate tubule extension, network stabilization, threeway junction and anchor-point formation, and modulation of ER shape through tubulation compared with cisternalization (Figure 2). Given the complexity of these factors and the highly dynamic nature of the ER network, efforts to mode ...
... factors that regulate tubule extension, network stabilization, threeway junction and anchor-point formation, and modulation of ER shape through tubulation compared with cisternalization (Figure 2). Given the complexity of these factors and the highly dynamic nature of the ER network, efforts to mode ...
beyond binding: molecular and cell biological approaches to
... In addition to facilitating functional studies, heterologous expression can also be used to produce large amounts of receptor protein, which is necessary for certain biophysical and structural studies. Mammalian cells are typically used for functional studies of expressed GPCRs; however, it is somet ...
... In addition to facilitating functional studies, heterologous expression can also be used to produce large amounts of receptor protein, which is necessary for certain biophysical and structural studies. Mammalian cells are typically used for functional studies of expressed GPCRs; however, it is somet ...
Energy metabolism reactions in ruminant muscle: responses to
... and those of posture and activity. The metabolic reactions respond to a wide range of nutritional and hormonal stimuli and are often apparently co-ordinated; in magnitude, however, their contribution to energy requirements can be minor compared with locomotion and posture. Metabolic reactions includ ...
... and those of posture and activity. The metabolic reactions respond to a wide range of nutritional and hormonal stimuli and are often apparently co-ordinated; in magnitude, however, their contribution to energy requirements can be minor compared with locomotion and posture. Metabolic reactions includ ...
ESCRT requirements for EIAV budding | SpringerLink
... Vps60p/CHMP5 [43,44] and Vps4p/VPS4A/B, and stimulates enzyme assembly and ATPase activity [45-48]; and the ESCRT-III adaptor protein, Bro1p/ALIX, which binds and stabilizes the Snf7p/CHMP4A/B/C filaments, and recruits the deubiquitinating enzyme, Doa4p/UBPY [23,49]. Although the core yeast ESCRT co ...
... Vps60p/CHMP5 [43,44] and Vps4p/VPS4A/B, and stimulates enzyme assembly and ATPase activity [45-48]; and the ESCRT-III adaptor protein, Bro1p/ALIX, which binds and stabilizes the Snf7p/CHMP4A/B/C filaments, and recruits the deubiquitinating enzyme, Doa4p/UBPY [23,49]. Although the core yeast ESCRT co ...
Pascale G. Charest and Michel Bouvier Activation
... the subject of numerous studies. The role of phosphorylation in receptor desensitization is now well established (1). Upon activation, GPCRs become phosphorylated by both second messenger-activated and GPCR kinases on serine and threonine residues located in the third intracellular loop and/or carbo ...
... the subject of numerous studies. The role of phosphorylation in receptor desensitization is now well established (1). Upon activation, GPCRs become phosphorylated by both second messenger-activated and GPCR kinases on serine and threonine residues located in the third intracellular loop and/or carbo ...
Control of the Cell Cycle in Early Embryos
... for the duration of this experiment (20 min), and disappeared at anaphase of meiosis I (about 30 rain), never reappearing during subsequent meiotic or mitotic divisions (not shown). The speed of this response and the fact that many cell-surface receptors contain tyrosine kinase activities or can act ...
... for the duration of this experiment (20 min), and disappeared at anaphase of meiosis I (about 30 rain), never reappearing during subsequent meiotic or mitotic divisions (not shown). The speed of this response and the fact that many cell-surface receptors contain tyrosine kinase activities or can act ...
the peroxisomal endomembrane system and the role of the ER
... large pleomorphic structures reminiscent of the mammalian peroxisomal reticulum (Mullen et al., 2006) and are engaged in ER-destined retrograde vesicular flow (Fig. 1). Evidence for this latter conclusion comes from observations that when the tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV) replication protein p33 i ...
... large pleomorphic structures reminiscent of the mammalian peroxisomal reticulum (Mullen et al., 2006) and are engaged in ER-destined retrograde vesicular flow (Fig. 1). Evidence for this latter conclusion comes from observations that when the tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV) replication protein p33 i ...
Transcription- and translation-dependent changes in membrane
... viscosity is energy dependent: it did not happen in KCN-treated cells. All treatments decreasing membrane viscosity also induced nucleoid compaction and fusion. Inhibition of macromolecular synthesis without membrane perturbation caused nucleoids to expand. Changes in membrane dynamics were also dis ...
... viscosity is energy dependent: it did not happen in KCN-treated cells. All treatments decreasing membrane viscosity also induced nucleoid compaction and fusion. Inhibition of macromolecular synthesis without membrane perturbation caused nucleoids to expand. Changes in membrane dynamics were also dis ...
Tissue-Specific Protein Expression in Plant Mitochondria
... 1989). Although these studies reveal that isolated mitochondria from different tissues or genotypes vary in the complement of proteins they synthesize, no conclusions can be drawn concerning the possible physiological or biochemical roles these unidentified proteins may play. The alternative oxidase ...
... 1989). Although these studies reveal that isolated mitochondria from different tissues or genotypes vary in the complement of proteins they synthesize, no conclusions can be drawn concerning the possible physiological or biochemical roles these unidentified proteins may play. The alternative oxidase ...
Cellular Disulfide Bond Formation in Bioactive Peptides and
... enzyme and a redox cofactor [9]. Interestingly, while these enzymes have very low homology, their functional motifs differ only marginally [10]. A minimum assembly requires C–(X)n–C (where ...
... enzyme and a redox cofactor [9]. Interestingly, while these enzymes have very low homology, their functional motifs differ only marginally [10]. A minimum assembly requires C–(X)n–C (where ...
The role of Arabidopsis CRK5 protein kinase in the regulation of root
... membrane-associated CRK proteins examined so far in other plant species. The N-terminal domain of CRK5 also harbours a nuclear localisation signal, which is followed by a conserved serine/thronine kinase domain, an autoinhibitory domain and four degenerated EF-hand motives. In all currently known me ...
... membrane-associated CRK proteins examined so far in other plant species. The N-terminal domain of CRK5 also harbours a nuclear localisation signal, which is followed by a conserved serine/thronine kinase domain, an autoinhibitory domain and four degenerated EF-hand motives. In all currently known me ...
Inductive asymmetric cell division
... transcription factor POP-1, a homolog of the TCF (T-cell absence of Src-signaling. These findings suggested that these two factor) transcription factor.1,8,9 POP-1/TCF can function as a asymmetries are regulated independently. Recent work indicates that the cortical asymmetry of WRM-1 transcriptiona ...
... transcription factor POP-1, a homolog of the TCF (T-cell absence of Src-signaling. These findings suggested that these two factor) transcription factor.1,8,9 POP-1/TCF can function as a asymmetries are regulated independently. Recent work indicates that the cortical asymmetry of WRM-1 transcriptiona ...
Transcriptomics of In Vitro Immune-Stimulated Hemocytes
... rather than angiogenesis in skin and adipose tissues. Inflammation occurs via the a5b1 integrin/Rac1/NF-kB pathway, which is evidenced by an increase in leukocyte infiltration, blood vessel permeability and the expression of inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-a, interleukin-6 and interleu ...
... rather than angiogenesis in skin and adipose tissues. Inflammation occurs via the a5b1 integrin/Rac1/NF-kB pathway, which is evidenced by an increase in leukocyte infiltration, blood vessel permeability and the expression of inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-a, interleukin-6 and interleu ...
rapid communication - AJP
... 2001.—Mice lacking the 80-kDa CD2-associated protein (CD2AP) develop progressive renal failure that starts soon after birth with proteinuria and foot process effacement by unknown mechanisms. CD2AP has been identified and cloned independently by virtue of its interaction with the T cell protein CD2 ...
... 2001.—Mice lacking the 80-kDa CD2-associated protein (CD2AP) develop progressive renal failure that starts soon after birth with proteinuria and foot process effacement by unknown mechanisms. CD2AP has been identified and cloned independently by virtue of its interaction with the T cell protein CD2 ...
The twin arginine protein transport pathway exports multiple
... 2005) and is homologous to products of saponinaseencoding genes, which are important for host–pathogen interactions in some plant pathogenic fungi (Seipke and Loria, 2008). The role of protein secretion in pathogenesis is particularly well characterized in the case of Gram negative bacteria, which h ...
... 2005) and is homologous to products of saponinaseencoding genes, which are important for host–pathogen interactions in some plant pathogenic fungi (Seipke and Loria, 2008). The role of protein secretion in pathogenesis is particularly well characterized in the case of Gram negative bacteria, which h ...
Screening for increased protein thiol oxidation in oxidatively
... During physiological homeostasis, an overall oxidative balance is maintained in tissues by utilizing a variety of antioxidant systems to remove reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from a variety of sources. Disruption of this oxidative balance, often referred to as oxidative stress, is evident i ...
... During physiological homeostasis, an overall oxidative balance is maintained in tissues by utilizing a variety of antioxidant systems to remove reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from a variety of sources. Disruption of this oxidative balance, often referred to as oxidative stress, is evident i ...
unravelling the therapeutic potential of transmembrane peptides
... demonstrated that TM peptides can competitively bind lipid‐buried helices of receptors, thus modulating their supramolecular organization and activity. The study, originally aimed at clarifying functional and physical GPCR interactions, thus provided the rationale f ...
... demonstrated that TM peptides can competitively bind lipid‐buried helices of receptors, thus modulating their supramolecular organization and activity. The study, originally aimed at clarifying functional and physical GPCR interactions, thus provided the rationale f ...
Antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of lecithin free egg yolk protein
... dephosphorylated phosvitin exhibited strong capability against the oxidation of linoleic acid and also radical scavenging activity on DPPH free radicals. These peptides are characterized by a high content of phosphorus and amino acids such as histidine, methionine and tyrosine [8]. It has been shown ...
... dephosphorylated phosvitin exhibited strong capability against the oxidation of linoleic acid and also radical scavenging activity on DPPH free radicals. These peptides are characterized by a high content of phosphorus and amino acids such as histidine, methionine and tyrosine [8]. It has been shown ...
Protein A Affinity Column for Monoclonal Antibody (MAb) Titer Analysis
... Staphylococcal protein A (SPA) plays an important role in immunology and biochemistry owing to its specific interaction with the Fc part of immunoglobulin G (IgG) from many mammals. SPA is a cell wall associated protein domain exposed on the surface of the Gram-positive bacterium, Staphylococcus aur ...
... Staphylococcal protein A (SPA) plays an important role in immunology and biochemistry owing to its specific interaction with the Fc part of immunoglobulin G (IgG) from many mammals. SPA is a cell wall associated protein domain exposed on the surface of the Gram-positive bacterium, Staphylococcus aur ...
The Role of Cytoskeletal Elements in Shaping Bacterial Cells
... Beginning from the recognition of FtsZ as a bacterial tubulin homolog in the early 1990s, many bacterial cytoskeletal elements have been identified, including homologs to the major eukaryotic cytoskeletal elements (tubulin, actin, and intermediate filament) and the elements unique in prokaryotes (Pa ...
... Beginning from the recognition of FtsZ as a bacterial tubulin homolog in the early 1990s, many bacterial cytoskeletal elements have been identified, including homologs to the major eukaryotic cytoskeletal elements (tubulin, actin, and intermediate filament) and the elements unique in prokaryotes (Pa ...
Use of Recombinant Mucin Glycoprotein to Assess the
... altered transcription of genes encoding for mucin [4,5] or alteration in glycosylation of mucins [5,6]. Studies have also shown that bacterial gene expression can be altered upon exposure to mucin [7,8]. Despite its obvious importance our knowledge of how bacteria interact with mucins has lagged beh ...
... altered transcription of genes encoding for mucin [4,5] or alteration in glycosylation of mucins [5,6]. Studies have also shown that bacterial gene expression can be altered upon exposure to mucin [7,8]. Despite its obvious importance our knowledge of how bacteria interact with mucins has lagged beh ...
Chapter 1 Literature Review
... The aims of this study were to investigate the direct and indirect interactions of cobalt, palladium, platinum and vanadium with human neutrophils in vitro, leading to either hyper-reactivity or under-reactivity of these cells, both of which have adverse health implications. With respect to the form ...
... The aims of this study were to investigate the direct and indirect interactions of cobalt, palladium, platinum and vanadium with human neutrophils in vitro, leading to either hyper-reactivity or under-reactivity of these cells, both of which have adverse health implications. With respect to the form ...
The Polypeptide Composition of Moving and Stationary
... vimentin, desmin and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Most neurons express several different neurofilament proteins, but the identity of these proteins changes in a sequential and overlapping manner during differentiation and development and may also vary with respect to neuronal cell type [Nix ...
... vimentin, desmin and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Most neurons express several different neurofilament proteins, but the identity of these proteins changes in a sequential and overlapping manner during differentiation and development and may also vary with respect to neuronal cell type [Nix ...
File - Nepal Pharmacy
... 4. Selectively permeable - allows some molecules in, others are kept out ...
... 4. Selectively permeable - allows some molecules in, others are kept out ...
Protein phosphorylation
Protein phosphorylation is a post-translational modification of proteins in which an amino acid residue is phosphorylated by a protein kinase by the addition of a covalently bound phosphate group. Phosphorylation alters the structural conformation of a protein, causing it to become activated, deactivated, or modifying its function. The reverse reaction of phosphorylation is called dephosphorylation, and is catalyzed by protein phosphatases. Protein kinases and phosphatases work independently and in a balance to regulate the function of proteins. The amino acids most commonly phosphorylated are serine, threonine, and tyrosine in eukaryotes, and histidine in prokaryotes, which play important and well-characterized roles in signaling pathways and metabolism. However, many other amino acids can also be phosphorylated, including arginine, lysine, and cysteine. Protein phosphorylation was first reported in 1906 by Phoebus Levene at the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research with the discovery of phosphorylated vitellin. However, it was nearly 50 years until the enzymatic phosphorylation of proteins by protein kinases was discovered.