Signaling from synapse to nucleus: the logic behind the mechanisms Karl Deisseroth
... and to understand why DREAM is present outside the nucleus as well as within it. Are there particular advantages for the signaling mechanisms at either one or the other of these extremes? On the one hand, the nuclear Ca2þ mechanism that is exemplified by DREAM is straightforward, fast and simple, bu ...
... and to understand why DREAM is present outside the nucleus as well as within it. Are there particular advantages for the signaling mechanisms at either one or the other of these extremes? On the one hand, the nuclear Ca2þ mechanism that is exemplified by DREAM is straightforward, fast and simple, bu ...
Selective Dimerization of a C2H2 Zinc Finger Subfamily
... fingers comprise a bona fide dimerization domain. Dimerization is highly selective, however, as homologous domains from the TRPS-1 and Drosophila Hunchback proteins support homodimerization, but not heterodimerization with Ikaros. Ikaros-Hunchback selectivity is determined by 11 residues concentrate ...
... fingers comprise a bona fide dimerization domain. Dimerization is highly selective, however, as homologous domains from the TRPS-1 and Drosophila Hunchback proteins support homodimerization, but not heterodimerization with Ikaros. Ikaros-Hunchback selectivity is determined by 11 residues concentrate ...
The dynamics of plant plasma membrane proteins
... underlies the remarkable capabilities of plants to adjust growth and development in their ever-changing environment. KEY WORDS: Arabidopsis, PIN protein, Plasma membrane protein, Polarity, Protein sorting ...
... underlies the remarkable capabilities of plants to adjust growth and development in their ever-changing environment. KEY WORDS: Arabidopsis, PIN protein, Plasma membrane protein, Polarity, Protein sorting ...
Storage globulins pass through the Golgi apparatus and
... used as antigens for rabbit injection. 8S globulin antibodies were purified by an affinity column coupled with the 8S globulin proteins for western blot analysis that recognized 8S globulin specifically (lane 3). (B) Protein profiles during mung bean seed development and maturation. Total proteins w ...
... used as antigens for rabbit injection. 8S globulin antibodies were purified by an affinity column coupled with the 8S globulin proteins for western blot analysis that recognized 8S globulin specifically (lane 3). (B) Protein profiles during mung bean seed development and maturation. Total proteins w ...
Abstract Importance Structure of Primary Cilia A B Functional Kif3B
... subunit of Kinesin II, Kif3B. Kif3B binds to both ATP and microtubules; hydrolysis of ATP causes Kif3B to change its shape and move up the microtubules. Cilia development depends on the movement of materials into the cilia, and research indicates that if Kif3B is not functioning, cilia formation wil ...
... subunit of Kinesin II, Kif3B. Kif3B binds to both ATP and microtubules; hydrolysis of ATP causes Kif3B to change its shape and move up the microtubules. Cilia development depends on the movement of materials into the cilia, and research indicates that if Kif3B is not functioning, cilia formation wil ...
Bio-fermentation Technology to Improve Efficiency of Swine Nutrition*
... diets, thereby improving nutrient utilization and reducing nutrient excretion to the environment. Yeast metabolites are also produced by bio-fermentation and have been repeatedly shown to improve milk production of sows during early lactation even though actual mechanisms are still to be investigate ...
... diets, thereby improving nutrient utilization and reducing nutrient excretion to the environment. Yeast metabolites are also produced by bio-fermentation and have been repeatedly shown to improve milk production of sows during early lactation even though actual mechanisms are still to be investigate ...
Characterization of a Novel Peripheral Nervous System Myelin
... ledto the hypothesis that PO may be responsible for the adhesion between the extracellular surfaces of the myelin plasma membrane. Recent studies on cultured cells clearly demonstrate the capacity of PO to undergo homophilic interactions (Filbin et al ., 1990; Schneider-Schaulies et al ., 1990; D'Ur ...
... ledto the hypothesis that PO may be responsible for the adhesion between the extracellular surfaces of the myelin plasma membrane. Recent studies on cultured cells clearly demonstrate the capacity of PO to undergo homophilic interactions (Filbin et al ., 1990; Schneider-Schaulies et al ., 1990; D'Ur ...
Noll et al., 2007 - Institute of Molecular Life Sciences
... From the unfertilized eggs, the toposomes are isolated as 22S particles (Noll et al., 1985), which on reducing SDS gels appear as a single 170 kDa band (Kari and Rottmann, 1985; Noll et al., 1985). We now show that the N-terminus corresponding to this band results from a cut between amino acids 86 a ...
... From the unfertilized eggs, the toposomes are isolated as 22S particles (Noll et al., 1985), which on reducing SDS gels appear as a single 170 kDa band (Kari and Rottmann, 1985; Noll et al., 1985). We now show that the N-terminus corresponding to this band results from a cut between amino acids 86 a ...
Tsui, S, Dai, T, Warren, ST and Yen, P: Association of the mouse infertility factor DAZL1 with actively translating polyribosomes. Biology of Reproduction 62:1655-1660 (2000).
... deleted in about 10% of infertile men with idiopathic azoospermia. DAZ and an autosomal DAZ-like gene, DAZL1, are expressed in germ cells only. They encode proteins with an RNA recognition motif and with either a single copy (in DAZL1) or multiple copies (in DAZ) of a DAZ repeat. A role for DAZL1 an ...
... deleted in about 10% of infertile men with idiopathic azoospermia. DAZ and an autosomal DAZ-like gene, DAZL1, are expressed in germ cells only. They encode proteins with an RNA recognition motif and with either a single copy (in DAZL1) or multiple copies (in DAZ) of a DAZ repeat. A role for DAZL1 an ...
pdf file
... Membrane transporter proteins are essential for the maintenance of cellular ion homeostasis. In the secretory pathway, the P-type ATPase family of transporters is found in every compartment and the plasma membrane. Here, we report the identification of COD1/SPF1 (control of HMGCoA reductase degradat ...
... Membrane transporter proteins are essential for the maintenance of cellular ion homeostasis. In the secretory pathway, the P-type ATPase family of transporters is found in every compartment and the plasma membrane. Here, we report the identification of COD1/SPF1 (control of HMGCoA reductase degradat ...
Chloroplast Division and Morphology Are Differentially Affected by
... lanes 8–10), AtFtsZ1-1 protein levels were noticeably elevated. To further analyze this relationship, the level of AtFtsZ1-1 in the transgenic plants relative to that in control plants was quantified by immunoblotting (Fig. 4). For this purpose, a calibration curve was constructed from densitometric ...
... lanes 8–10), AtFtsZ1-1 protein levels were noticeably elevated. To further analyze this relationship, the level of AtFtsZ1-1 in the transgenic plants relative to that in control plants was quantified by immunoblotting (Fig. 4). For this purpose, a calibration curve was constructed from densitometric ...
Slide 1
... Vacuoles-are membranous sacs containing proteins and polysaccharides that support specific functions. -come in different shapes, sizes and serve a variety of functions. -some hold food, some store water, some compartmentalize vital chemicals, some concentrate the waste products of cell metabolism. ...
... Vacuoles-are membranous sacs containing proteins and polysaccharides that support specific functions. -come in different shapes, sizes and serve a variety of functions. -some hold food, some store water, some compartmentalize vital chemicals, some concentrate the waste products of cell metabolism. ...
PDF Datastream - Brown Digital Repository
... localize to the OM or extracellular space, which accounted for ~77% of the total relative abundance in the OM fraction. In addition, biotinylation of bacterial surface-exposed proteins has been applied as an alternative approach to characterize bacterial membrane subproteome. Labeled proteins were p ...
... localize to the OM or extracellular space, which accounted for ~77% of the total relative abundance in the OM fraction. In addition, biotinylation of bacterial surface-exposed proteins has been applied as an alternative approach to characterize bacterial membrane subproteome. Labeled proteins were p ...
The TEA Transcription Factor Tec1 Links TOR and MAPK Pathways
... FLO11 (Robertson and Fink 1998; Pan and Heitman 2002). Like TORC1, the Ras/PKA pathway also regulates chronological yeast lifespan (Reinders et al. 1998; Longo 2003). In this study, we explored the possibility that the pheromone-responsive Fus3/Kss1 MAPK cascade and the nutrient-sensitive TORC1 path ...
... FLO11 (Robertson and Fink 1998; Pan and Heitman 2002). Like TORC1, the Ras/PKA pathway also regulates chronological yeast lifespan (Reinders et al. 1998; Longo 2003). In this study, we explored the possibility that the pheromone-responsive Fus3/Kss1 MAPK cascade and the nutrient-sensitive TORC1 path ...
Lipid transfer and metabolism across the endolysosomal
... nutrient sensing, lipid degradation, energy metabolism and inverse regulation of mTORC1 and AMPK signaling in response to nutrient and energy availability. A more specific list of organelle functions is provided below. (B) Schematic representation of the inverse regulation of mTORC1 and AMPK. mTORC1 ...
... nutrient sensing, lipid degradation, energy metabolism and inverse regulation of mTORC1 and AMPK signaling in response to nutrient and energy availability. A more specific list of organelle functions is provided below. (B) Schematic representation of the inverse regulation of mTORC1 and AMPK. mTORC1 ...
PAI-1 - Trace: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange
... correlate with many diseased states such as diabetes, heart disease, and arthrosclerosis. PAI-1 functions to regulate plasminogen activation by inhibiting tissue-type and urokinase-type plasminogen activators, which are serine proteases that cleave the zymogen form to produce active plasmin. Its rea ...
... correlate with many diseased states such as diabetes, heart disease, and arthrosclerosis. PAI-1 functions to regulate plasminogen activation by inhibiting tissue-type and urokinase-type plasminogen activators, which are serine proteases that cleave the zymogen form to produce active plasmin. Its rea ...
Signal Sequences Specify the Targeting Route to the Endoplasmic
... signal recognition particle (SRP) 1 and its membrane-localized receptor. The translocation events are carried out by a multi-subunit membrane protein complex, the translocon or Sec61p complex (G6rlich and Rapoport, 1993). Mechanistically, translocation is cotranslational: SRP binds signal sequences ...
... signal recognition particle (SRP) 1 and its membrane-localized receptor. The translocation events are carried out by a multi-subunit membrane protein complex, the translocon or Sec61p complex (G6rlich and Rapoport, 1993). Mechanistically, translocation is cotranslational: SRP binds signal sequences ...
`slow-twitch type` mitochondria, but does not
... cellular ATP demand, and Ca2+ fluxes [8]. An increased biogenesis of mitochondria was detected in skeletal muscle of null-mutant mice for proteins involved in ATP metabolism, such as creatine kinase [9] and the ADP ⁄ ATP translocator [10]. Intracellular Ca2+ acts as an important second messenger cont ...
... cellular ATP demand, and Ca2+ fluxes [8]. An increased biogenesis of mitochondria was detected in skeletal muscle of null-mutant mice for proteins involved in ATP metabolism, such as creatine kinase [9] and the ADP ⁄ ATP translocator [10]. Intracellular Ca2+ acts as an important second messenger cont ...
Slow Protein Conformational Change, Allostery and
... dynamic behaviors not usually seen in simpler molecular systems with only a few to tens of atoms. Characterizing the biochemical and biophysical properties of macromolecules, including their interactions with other molecules, has been a central research theme for many decades. The field is especiall ...
... dynamic behaviors not usually seen in simpler molecular systems with only a few to tens of atoms. Characterizing the biochemical and biophysical properties of macromolecules, including their interactions with other molecules, has been a central research theme for many decades. The field is especiall ...
IF-3
... ribosome where proteins are synthesized. Proteins leave the ribosome through the exit domain, which can associate with a membrane. The major active sites are the P and A sites, the E site, the EF-Tu and EF-G binding sites, peptidyl transferase, and mRNA-binding site. Ribosomal proteins required for ...
... ribosome where proteins are synthesized. Proteins leave the ribosome through the exit domain, which can associate with a membrane. The major active sites are the P and A sites, the E site, the EF-Tu and EF-G binding sites, peptidyl transferase, and mRNA-binding site. Ribosomal proteins required for ...
Figure E Functional classification of crop proteins into COG
... 1140 Ross 308 broiler chicken. Out of these, 960 animals were housed in 48 pens, 20 birds each. Pens were assigned to six different experimental diets (8 pens/ diet). For the whole microbiome analyses, 6 pens/diet were first chosen. All other animals were used for other investigations. For metaprote ...
... 1140 Ross 308 broiler chicken. Out of these, 960 animals were housed in 48 pens, 20 birds each. Pens were assigned to six different experimental diets (8 pens/ diet). For the whole microbiome analyses, 6 pens/diet were first chosen. All other animals were used for other investigations. For metaprote ...
A dsRNA Based Screen Identifies Novel Proteins Involved in
... activation due to Hh, and they suggested that it may play a role in the phosphorylation of Ci. In 2005, Collins et al. screened for mutations that were able to suppress or enhance a hypomorphic Hh phenotype in the wing, which was the result of C756-Gal4 driven expression of Smo RNAi. They were able ...
... activation due to Hh, and they suggested that it may play a role in the phosphorylation of Ci. In 2005, Collins et al. screened for mutations that were able to suppress or enhance a hypomorphic Hh phenotype in the wing, which was the result of C756-Gal4 driven expression of Smo RNAi. They were able ...
Molecular mapping of tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins in focal
... in NIH 3T3 cells. Intensity ratio images revealed an extensive spatial overlap between dSH2 and each of the two proteins, though dSH2 intensity was not always correlated with high vinculin or paxillin fluorescence (Fig. 1A). FRET, expressed as the ‘FRET index’ (FI) (see Materials and Methods) for pa ...
... in NIH 3T3 cells. Intensity ratio images revealed an extensive spatial overlap between dSH2 and each of the two proteins, though dSH2 intensity was not always correlated with high vinculin or paxillin fluorescence (Fig. 1A). FRET, expressed as the ‘FRET index’ (FI) (see Materials and Methods) for pa ...
NUCLEAR PROTEINS II. Similarity of Nonhistone Proteins in
... T h e n o m e n c l a t u r e a n d m o l e c u l a r weight of the m o u s e liver n o n h i s t o n e nuclear p r o t e i n s , as observed by Tris-glycine S D S gel e l e c t r o p h o r e s i s , have b e e n r e p o r t e d in the first p a p e r in this series (10). T h e p r o t e i n s were ...
... T h e n o m e n c l a t u r e a n d m o l e c u l a r weight of the m o u s e liver n o n h i s t o n e nuclear p r o t e i n s , as observed by Tris-glycine S D S gel e l e c t r o p h o r e s i s , have b e e n r e p o r t e d in the first p a p e r in this series (10). T h e p r o t e i n s were ...
Ctf3p, the Mis6 budding yeast homolog, interacts with Mcm22p and
... The budding yeast kinetochore is composed of an inner and outer protein complex, which binds to centromere (CEN) DNA and attaches to microtubules. We performed a genetic synthetic dosage lethality screen to identify novel kinetochore proteins in a collection of chromosome transmission fidelity mutan ...
... The budding yeast kinetochore is composed of an inner and outer protein complex, which binds to centromere (CEN) DNA and attaches to microtubules. We performed a genetic synthetic dosage lethality screen to identify novel kinetochore proteins in a collection of chromosome transmission fidelity mutan ...
Protein phosphorylation
Protein phosphorylation is a post-translational modification of proteins in which an amino acid residue is phosphorylated by a protein kinase by the addition of a covalently bound phosphate group. Phosphorylation alters the structural conformation of a protein, causing it to become activated, deactivated, or modifying its function. The reverse reaction of phosphorylation is called dephosphorylation, and is catalyzed by protein phosphatases. Protein kinases and phosphatases work independently and in a balance to regulate the function of proteins. The amino acids most commonly phosphorylated are serine, threonine, and tyrosine in eukaryotes, and histidine in prokaryotes, which play important and well-characterized roles in signaling pathways and metabolism. However, many other amino acids can also be phosphorylated, including arginine, lysine, and cysteine. Protein phosphorylation was first reported in 1906 by Phoebus Levene at the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research with the discovery of phosphorylated vitellin. However, it was nearly 50 years until the enzymatic phosphorylation of proteins by protein kinases was discovered.