Cellular Respiration and Fermentation
... Electron Transport and ATP Synthesis The electron transport chain uses the highenergy electrons from glycolysis and the Krebs cycle to convert ADP into ATP. ▶ The electron carriers produced during glycolysis and the Krebs cycle bring high-energy electrons to the electron transport chain. Oxygen is t ...
... Electron Transport and ATP Synthesis The electron transport chain uses the highenergy electrons from glycolysis and the Krebs cycle to convert ADP into ATP. ▶ The electron carriers produced during glycolysis and the Krebs cycle bring high-energy electrons to the electron transport chain. Oxygen is t ...
Solutions to 7.014 Quiz I
... i) What is the main overall product of the dark reactions of photosynthesis? The overall reaction of photosynthesis is 6CO2+6H2OÆC6H12O6(glucose) +6O2, and the main product is glucose. All enzymatic reactions, including those in glycolysis and the Krebs cycle, are reversible. You decide to study whe ...
... i) What is the main overall product of the dark reactions of photosynthesis? The overall reaction of photosynthesis is 6CO2+6H2OÆC6H12O6(glucose) +6O2, and the main product is glucose. All enzymatic reactions, including those in glycolysis and the Krebs cycle, are reversible. You decide to study whe ...
2 ATP
... ATP is called free energy because it is available to do any type of work needed in our cells called Kinetic Energy (energy available for work) The amount of energy released is measure in calories or ...
... ATP is called free energy because it is available to do any type of work needed in our cells called Kinetic Energy (energy available for work) The amount of energy released is measure in calories or ...
Document
... Bacteria are isolated based on their efficiency at digesting & converting the waste The bacteria are tested for performance and safety Bacteria are placed back in the waste environment in high concentrations The bacteria grow & in the process digest & convert the waste into CO2 and H20 ...
... Bacteria are isolated based on their efficiency at digesting & converting the waste The bacteria are tested for performance and safety Bacteria are placed back in the waste environment in high concentrations The bacteria grow & in the process digest & convert the waste into CO2 and H20 ...
Midterm Exam Advanced Biochemistry II (Answer) 1. At equilibrium
... 18. Role of Lactate Dehydrogenase During strenuous activity, the demand for ATP in muscle tissue is vastly increased. In rabbit leg muscle or turkey flight muscle, the ATP is produced almost exclusively by lactic acid fermentation. ATP is formed in the payoff phase of glycolysis by two reactions, pr ...
... 18. Role of Lactate Dehydrogenase During strenuous activity, the demand for ATP in muscle tissue is vastly increased. In rabbit leg muscle or turkey flight muscle, the ATP is produced almost exclusively by lactic acid fermentation. ATP is formed in the payoff phase of glycolysis by two reactions, pr ...
Chapter 1 Review Questions
... 19 Bacteria and fungi are two types of micro-organisms that obtain their essential nutrients and . compounds from feeding on dead and decaying matter. These organisms are also called decomposers. 20 The decomposers release simple inorganic molecules used by producers in the process of . photosynthes ...
... 19 Bacteria and fungi are two types of micro-organisms that obtain their essential nutrients and . compounds from feeding on dead and decaying matter. These organisms are also called decomposers. 20 The decomposers release simple inorganic molecules used by producers in the process of . photosynthes ...
Who Wants To Be A Biologist?
... light-dependent reactions. This part of the light reactions makes ATP, which goes to the dark reactions to make glucose. ...
... light-dependent reactions. This part of the light reactions makes ATP, which goes to the dark reactions to make glucose. ...
A and P Practice Exam 01 (pdf 86.08kb)
... c. is usually found in each glucose molecule; that is why glucose is chosen as the starting point for glycolysis d. releases a large amount of usable energy when the phosphate group is split off during hydrolysis 60. An allosteric enzyme ___________. a. has an active site where substrate molecules b ...
... c. is usually found in each glucose molecule; that is why glucose is chosen as the starting point for glycolysis d. releases a large amount of usable energy when the phosphate group is split off during hydrolysis 60. An allosteric enzyme ___________. a. has an active site where substrate molecules b ...
Bacterial Genetics
... – facultative anaerobes (use oxygen when it is present, but live anaerobically when oxygen is absent). ...
... – facultative anaerobes (use oxygen when it is present, but live anaerobically when oxygen is absent). ...
Cellular Respiration
... •Krebs Cycle The Krebs cycle is a series of reactions that produce energy-storing molecules during aerobic respiration. •Electron Transport Chain During aerobic respiration, large amounts of ATP are made in an electron transport chain. ...
... •Krebs Cycle The Krebs cycle is a series of reactions that produce energy-storing molecules during aerobic respiration. •Electron Transport Chain During aerobic respiration, large amounts of ATP are made in an electron transport chain. ...
Cellular Respiration What is Cellular Respiration?
... •Krebs Cycle The Krebs cycle is a series of reactions that produce energy-storing molecules during aerobic respiration. •Electron Transport Chain During aerobic respiration, large amounts of ATP are made in an electron transport chain. ...
... •Krebs Cycle The Krebs cycle is a series of reactions that produce energy-storing molecules during aerobic respiration. •Electron Transport Chain During aerobic respiration, large amounts of ATP are made in an electron transport chain. ...
Chapter 3 PPT
... of any abiotic factor can limit or prevent growth of a population, even if all other factors are at or near the optimum range of tolerance. © Brooks/Cole Publishing Company / ITP ...
... of any abiotic factor can limit or prevent growth of a population, even if all other factors are at or near the optimum range of tolerance. © Brooks/Cole Publishing Company / ITP ...
Now
... Note: each taxa does not contain the given traits of those above it, but contains all the given traits below it. ...
... Note: each taxa does not contain the given traits of those above it, but contains all the given traits below it. ...
10/31
... Sulfate is activated by the formation of phosphoadenosine5-phosphosulfate Sulfate is then reduced to sulfite (SO32) then to hydrogen sulfide (H2S) ...
... Sulfate is activated by the formation of phosphoadenosine5-phosphosulfate Sulfate is then reduced to sulfite (SO32) then to hydrogen sulfide (H2S) ...
Topics To Know For Chapters 8-10
... 24. Know the events of chemiosmosis discussed in class and where does it take place. - thylakoid membrane - ATP synthase - thylakoid space - electron flow - pH 4 - photosystems I & II - H+ concentration 25. Know what makes the Calvin cycle work or operate. Describe the events taking place in the Ca ...
... 24. Know the events of chemiosmosis discussed in class and where does it take place. - thylakoid membrane - ATP synthase - thylakoid space - electron flow - pH 4 - photosystems I & II - H+ concentration 25. Know what makes the Calvin cycle work or operate. Describe the events taking place in the Ca ...
Electron Transport Chain
... • electrons from NADH and FADH2 are passed to many electron transport enzymes which form an electron transport chain • at the end of the chain, an enzyme combines electrons from the chain, H+ (hydrogen ions) from the cell, and O2 (oxygen) to make H2O (water). • oxygen is the final electron accepter ...
... • electrons from NADH and FADH2 are passed to many electron transport enzymes which form an electron transport chain • at the end of the chain, an enzyme combines electrons from the chain, H+ (hydrogen ions) from the cell, and O2 (oxygen) to make H2O (water). • oxygen is the final electron accepter ...
Chapter 6
... – NADH is oxidized to NAD+ when pyruvate is reduced to lactate – In a sense, pyruvate is serving as an “electron sink,” a place to dispose of the electrons generated by oxidation reactions in glycolysis ...
... – NADH is oxidized to NAD+ when pyruvate is reduced to lactate – In a sense, pyruvate is serving as an “electron sink,” a place to dispose of the electrons generated by oxidation reactions in glycolysis ...
THINK-PAIR
... • Where exactly are ATP and NADPH used in photosynthesis? • How exactly is the energy of sunlight used as a source of energy during photosynthesis? • Where exactly is NADPH produced during photosynthesis? • Explain the process of the light reaction. ...
... • Where exactly are ATP and NADPH used in photosynthesis? • How exactly is the energy of sunlight used as a source of energy during photosynthesis? • Where exactly is NADPH produced during photosynthesis? • Explain the process of the light reaction. ...
Cellular Respiration
... How many ~P bonds of ATP produced? (Remember there are two 3C fragments from ...
... How many ~P bonds of ATP produced? (Remember there are two 3C fragments from ...
Most common elements in living things are carbon, hydrogen
... Phospholipids make up cell membranes. Lipids also serve as waxy coverings (cuticle) on plants, pigments (chlorophyll), and steroids. Lipids have more carbon and hydrogen atoms than oxygen atoms. Fats are made of a glycerol (alcohol) and three fatty acid chains. This subunit is called a triglyceride. ...
... Phospholipids make up cell membranes. Lipids also serve as waxy coverings (cuticle) on plants, pigments (chlorophyll), and steroids. Lipids have more carbon and hydrogen atoms than oxygen atoms. Fats are made of a glycerol (alcohol) and three fatty acid chains. This subunit is called a triglyceride. ...
Practice exam #1 review
... 5. During cellular respiration _________ accumulate, against their concentration gradient, in the intermembrane space of the mitochondria. a. electrons b. hydrogen ions c. proteins d. oxygen 2. In plant cells, the cell membrane can shrink while the cell wall remains in place, this shows: a. plasmoly ...
... 5. During cellular respiration _________ accumulate, against their concentration gradient, in the intermembrane space of the mitochondria. a. electrons b. hydrogen ions c. proteins d. oxygen 2. In plant cells, the cell membrane can shrink while the cell wall remains in place, this shows: a. plasmoly ...
Abstract Submission Form
... carbon dioxide to useful organic compounds and for the amplified detection of biologically important molecules. Moorella thermoacetica (or Clostridium thermoaceticum) is an acetateproducing anaerobic bacteria which can grow under CO2/H2 or CO. Carbon Monoxide Dehydrogenase (CODH) is a key enzyme in ...
... carbon dioxide to useful organic compounds and for the amplified detection of biologically important molecules. Moorella thermoacetica (or Clostridium thermoaceticum) is an acetateproducing anaerobic bacteria which can grow under CO2/H2 or CO. Carbon Monoxide Dehydrogenase (CODH) is a key enzyme in ...
III. Cellular Respiration
... 4. Most cells only have a small quantity of ATP (just a few seconds worth)! a. ATP is not efficient at storing energy for a long time. b. Cells rely on the ability to make more ATP from ADP by using energy from carbohydrates and lipids. ...
... 4. Most cells only have a small quantity of ATP (just a few seconds worth)! a. ATP is not efficient at storing energy for a long time. b. Cells rely on the ability to make more ATP from ADP by using energy from carbohydrates and lipids. ...
Microbial metabolism
Microbial metabolism is the means by which a microbe obtains the energy and nutrients (e.g. carbon) it needs to live and reproduce. Microbes use many different types of metabolic strategies and species can often be differentiated from each other based on metabolic characteristics. The specific metabolic properties of a microbe are the major factors in determining that microbe’s ecological niche, and often allow for that microbe to be useful in industrial processes or responsible for biogeochemical cycles.== Types of microbial metabolism ==All microbial metabolisms can be arranged according to three principles:1. How the organism obtains carbon for synthesising cell mass: autotrophic – carbon is obtained from carbon dioxide (CO2) heterotrophic – carbon is obtained from organic compounds mixotrophic – carbon is obtained from both organic compounds and by fixing carbon dioxide2. How the organism obtains reducing equivalents used either in energy conservation or in biosynthetic reactions: lithotrophic – reducing equivalents are obtained from inorganic compounds organotrophic – reducing equivalents are obtained from organic compounds3. How the organism obtains energy for living and growing: chemotrophic – energy is obtained from external chemical compounds phototrophic – energy is obtained from lightIn practice, these terms are almost freely combined. Typical examples are as follows: chemolithoautotrophs obtain energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds and carbon from the fixation of carbon dioxide. Examples: Nitrifying bacteria, Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, Iron-oxidizing bacteria, Knallgas-bacteria photolithoautotrophs obtain energy from light and carbon from the fixation of carbon dioxide, using reducing equivalents from inorganic compounds. Examples: Cyanobacteria (water (H2O) as reducing equivalent donor), Chlorobiaceae, Chromatiaceae (hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as reducing equivalent donor), Chloroflexus (hydrogen (H2) as reducing equivalent donor) chemolithoheterotrophs obtain energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds, but cannot fix carbon dioxide (CO2). Examples: some Thiobacilus, some Beggiatoa, some Nitrobacter spp., Wolinella (with H2 as reducing equivalent donor), some Knallgas-bacteria, some sulfate-reducing bacteria chemoorganoheterotrophs obtain energy, carbon, and reducing equivalents for biosynthetic reactions from organic compounds. Examples: most bacteria, e. g. Escherichia coli, Bacillus spp., Actinobacteria photoorganoheterotrophs obtain energy from light, carbon and reducing equivalents for biosynthetic reactions from organic compounds. Some species are strictly heterotrophic, many others can also fix carbon dioxide and are mixotrophic. Examples: Rhodobacter, Rhodopseudomonas, Rhodospirillum, Rhodomicrobium, Rhodocyclus, Heliobacterium, Chloroflexus (alternatively to photolithoautotrophy with hydrogen)