life in the marine environment some basics of biology
... physiochemical aspect of the environment. The organism’s limit of tolerance for environmental stresses ultimately determine where it can live. ...
... physiochemical aspect of the environment. The organism’s limit of tolerance for environmental stresses ultimately determine where it can live. ...
mcb101_exam2_F07a
... Bacteria that obtain energy by breaking down amino acids excrete basic wastes. Bacteria that grow by fermenting a sugar usually excrete some acidic waste product. In MCB 101, the carbohydrate fermentation broth we use contains a Durham tube. In MCB 101, the carbohydrate fermentation broth we use con ...
... Bacteria that obtain energy by breaking down amino acids excrete basic wastes. Bacteria that grow by fermenting a sugar usually excrete some acidic waste product. In MCB 101, the carbohydrate fermentation broth we use contains a Durham tube. In MCB 101, the carbohydrate fermentation broth we use con ...
Cellular Respiration
... • The transfer of electrons during chemical reactions releases energy stored in organic molecules • This released energy is ultimately used to synthesize ATP • Chemical reactions that transfer electrons between reactants are called oxidation-reduction reactions, or redox ...
... • The transfer of electrons during chemical reactions releases energy stored in organic molecules • This released energy is ultimately used to synthesize ATP • Chemical reactions that transfer electrons between reactants are called oxidation-reduction reactions, or redox ...
Case studies in biogeography
... Organisms: Acritarchs (Phytoplankton) These single celled phytoplankton left a good fossil record from the Middle Proterozoic into the Paleozoic when few other fossils are available. They show marked changes in diversity and abundance. Some of these changes can be correlated with paleoclimatic and t ...
... Organisms: Acritarchs (Phytoplankton) These single celled phytoplankton left a good fossil record from the Middle Proterozoic into the Paleozoic when few other fossils are available. They show marked changes in diversity and abundance. Some of these changes can be correlated with paleoclimatic and t ...
ch22 lecture 7e
... The Nitrogen Cycle • The nitrogen cycle involves a direct interaction between land and sea. • Atmospheric N2 must be fixed to enter the land and sea. – Atmospheric fixation occurs when lightning provides the energy for the reaction between N2(g) and O2(g). – Industrial fixation results from the pro ...
... The Nitrogen Cycle • The nitrogen cycle involves a direct interaction between land and sea. • Atmospheric N2 must be fixed to enter the land and sea. – Atmospheric fixation occurs when lightning provides the energy for the reaction between N2(g) and O2(g). – Industrial fixation results from the pro ...
7. Metabolism
... 2. Fatty acids-to-acetyl CoA reactions are called fatty acid oxidation. 3. Fatty acids cannot be used to synthesize glucose. Glucose must be available to provide energy to the red blood cells, brain, and nervous system. C. Amino Acids 1. Amino acids can be concerted to acetyl CoA after deamination. ...
... 2. Fatty acids-to-acetyl CoA reactions are called fatty acid oxidation. 3. Fatty acids cannot be used to synthesize glucose. Glucose must be available to provide energy to the red blood cells, brain, and nervous system. C. Amino Acids 1. Amino acids can be concerted to acetyl CoA after deamination. ...
- ERA - University of Alberta
... development of PHB-producing and -harvesting technologies is currently being completed with their collaboration. ...
... development of PHB-producing and -harvesting technologies is currently being completed with their collaboration. ...
General Biology I (BIOLS 102)
... electrons and one H+ ion resulting in two NADH Four ATP molecules are formed by substratelevel ATP synthesis Net gain of two ATP from glycolysis, why? Both G3Ps are oxidized to pyruvates Pyruvate enters mitochondria if oxygen is available and aerobic respiration follows If oxygen is not av ...
... electrons and one H+ ion resulting in two NADH Four ATP molecules are formed by substratelevel ATP synthesis Net gain of two ATP from glycolysis, why? Both G3Ps are oxidized to pyruvates Pyruvate enters mitochondria if oxygen is available and aerobic respiration follows If oxygen is not av ...
ppt10 - Plant Agriculture
... backbone of amino acids (along with N, S, etc.) and all the other molecules of the cell. How can energy be derived from the 3C molecules? 3C is broken down to 2C, which enters the mitochondrion. There, the C-C bonds are broken to create 2 x CO2 which is then released. This releases energy that is ag ...
... backbone of amino acids (along with N, S, etc.) and all the other molecules of the cell. How can energy be derived from the 3C molecules? 3C is broken down to 2C, which enters the mitochondrion. There, the C-C bonds are broken to create 2 x CO2 which is then released. This releases energy that is ag ...
Chapter 8
... • Following glycolysis and the citric acid cycle, NADH and FADH2 account for most of the energy extracted from food • These two electron carriers donate electrons to the electron transport chain, which powers ATP synthesis via oxidative phosphorylation ...
... • Following glycolysis and the citric acid cycle, NADH and FADH2 account for most of the energy extracted from food • These two electron carriers donate electrons to the electron transport chain, which powers ATP synthesis via oxidative phosphorylation ...
Fe-S
... finally electrons combine with O2 and protons to form H2O. • Associated with cell breath, also called respiratory chain. • Electron carriers located in mitochondria according to a order. ...
... finally electrons combine with O2 and protons to form H2O. • Associated with cell breath, also called respiratory chain. • Electron carriers located in mitochondria according to a order. ...
oxidation
... – involves electrons carried by NADH and FADH2, – shuttles these electrons to the electron transport chain embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane, – involves chemiosmosis, and – generates ATP through oxidative phosphorylation ...
... – involves electrons carried by NADH and FADH2, – shuttles these electrons to the electron transport chain embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane, – involves chemiosmosis, and – generates ATP through oxidative phosphorylation ...
Cellular Respiration Part 3
... ▫ Carbon atom is removed (3C to 2C) and released as CO2 ▫ 2C compound is oxidized while NAD+ is reduced to NADH ▫ Coenzyme A joins with 2C to form acetyl co-A ...
... ▫ Carbon atom is removed (3C to 2C) and released as CO2 ▫ 2C compound is oxidized while NAD+ is reduced to NADH ▫ Coenzyme A joins with 2C to form acetyl co-A ...
ch22_lecture_6e_final
... The Nitrogen Cycle • The nitrogen cycle involves a direct interaction between land and sea. • Atmospheric N2 must be fixed to enter the land and sea. – Atmospheric fixation occurs when lightning provides the energy for the reaction between N2(g) and O2(g). – Industrial fixation results from the pro ...
... The Nitrogen Cycle • The nitrogen cycle involves a direct interaction between land and sea. • Atmospheric N2 must be fixed to enter the land and sea. – Atmospheric fixation occurs when lightning provides the energy for the reaction between N2(g) and O2(g). – Industrial fixation results from the pro ...
Intro to Ecology
... 3. Carnivores are animals that consume other animals. • Predators kill and eat their prey. • Scavengers feed on the remains of animals that other animals killed, not them. 4. Omnivores are animals that consume both plant and animal remains. Mrs. Degl ...
... 3. Carnivores are animals that consume other animals. • Predators kill and eat their prey. • Scavengers feed on the remains of animals that other animals killed, not them. 4. Omnivores are animals that consume both plant and animal remains. Mrs. Degl ...
Preview Sample 3
... 1. Evolution helps scientists decide which technologies can help save the environment. 2. Humans need a renewable resource to produce energy. a) Example: corn or waste products for ethanol production 3. Evolution helps save endangered species as well. 1.10 Evolution from a common ancestor accounts f ...
... 1. Evolution helps scientists decide which technologies can help save the environment. 2. Humans need a renewable resource to produce energy. a) Example: corn or waste products for ethanol production 3. Evolution helps save endangered species as well. 1.10 Evolution from a common ancestor accounts f ...
Chapter 19
... • a-Ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex: inhibited by ATP, NADH, and succinyl CoA; activated by ADP and NAD+. ...
... • a-Ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex: inhibited by ATP, NADH, and succinyl CoA; activated by ADP and NAD+. ...
Unit 6:Marine Ecology - SAFE-T
... At this depth, swim bladders cannot function because gas cannot be produced. Most fish in this layer do not have swim bladders or their swim bladders are filled with wax—for bouyancy ...
... At this depth, swim bladders cannot function because gas cannot be produced. Most fish in this layer do not have swim bladders or their swim bladders are filled with wax—for bouyancy ...
Science 1206 - Unit 1 (Ecology)
... Introduction to Ecology Ecology is the scientific study of the interactions of organisms and their environment. As a scientific study, ecology involves observations and experiments to test hypothetical explanations of ecological phenomena. Ecology is a multidisciplinary field of study involving all ...
... Introduction to Ecology Ecology is the scientific study of the interactions of organisms and their environment. As a scientific study, ecology involves observations and experiments to test hypothetical explanations of ecological phenomena. Ecology is a multidisciplinary field of study involving all ...
Lactanase - Vita Flex
... What Is Lactanase? Lactanase supplies nutrients important for the formation of acetyl coenzyme A in the horse's body. Acetyl coenzyme A is the gateway to the Krebs cycle, where the release of cellular energy takes place. This formula was the first pre-performance supplement to focus on the need for ...
... What Is Lactanase? Lactanase supplies nutrients important for the formation of acetyl coenzyme A in the horse's body. Acetyl coenzyme A is the gateway to the Krebs cycle, where the release of cellular energy takes place. This formula was the first pre-performance supplement to focus on the need for ...
Bio 6 – Fermentation & Cellular Respiration Lab INTRODUCTION
... (the electrons being “carried” are associated with the hydrogen atom) during glycolysis. Fermentation is simply one or more biochemical steps that transfer the H in NADH and an extra electron to a molecule of pyruvate. As a result, NADH is restored to NAD+, which is needed for glycolysis, and pyruva ...
... (the electrons being “carried” are associated with the hydrogen atom) during glycolysis. Fermentation is simply one or more biochemical steps that transfer the H in NADH and an extra electron to a molecule of pyruvate. As a result, NADH is restored to NAD+, which is needed for glycolysis, and pyruva ...
Microbial metabolism
Microbial metabolism is the means by which a microbe obtains the energy and nutrients (e.g. carbon) it needs to live and reproduce. Microbes use many different types of metabolic strategies and species can often be differentiated from each other based on metabolic characteristics. The specific metabolic properties of a microbe are the major factors in determining that microbe’s ecological niche, and often allow for that microbe to be useful in industrial processes or responsible for biogeochemical cycles.== Types of microbial metabolism ==All microbial metabolisms can be arranged according to three principles:1. How the organism obtains carbon for synthesising cell mass: autotrophic – carbon is obtained from carbon dioxide (CO2) heterotrophic – carbon is obtained from organic compounds mixotrophic – carbon is obtained from both organic compounds and by fixing carbon dioxide2. How the organism obtains reducing equivalents used either in energy conservation or in biosynthetic reactions: lithotrophic – reducing equivalents are obtained from inorganic compounds organotrophic – reducing equivalents are obtained from organic compounds3. How the organism obtains energy for living and growing: chemotrophic – energy is obtained from external chemical compounds phototrophic – energy is obtained from lightIn practice, these terms are almost freely combined. Typical examples are as follows: chemolithoautotrophs obtain energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds and carbon from the fixation of carbon dioxide. Examples: Nitrifying bacteria, Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, Iron-oxidizing bacteria, Knallgas-bacteria photolithoautotrophs obtain energy from light and carbon from the fixation of carbon dioxide, using reducing equivalents from inorganic compounds. Examples: Cyanobacteria (water (H2O) as reducing equivalent donor), Chlorobiaceae, Chromatiaceae (hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as reducing equivalent donor), Chloroflexus (hydrogen (H2) as reducing equivalent donor) chemolithoheterotrophs obtain energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds, but cannot fix carbon dioxide (CO2). Examples: some Thiobacilus, some Beggiatoa, some Nitrobacter spp., Wolinella (with H2 as reducing equivalent donor), some Knallgas-bacteria, some sulfate-reducing bacteria chemoorganoheterotrophs obtain energy, carbon, and reducing equivalents for biosynthetic reactions from organic compounds. Examples: most bacteria, e. g. Escherichia coli, Bacillus spp., Actinobacteria photoorganoheterotrophs obtain energy from light, carbon and reducing equivalents for biosynthetic reactions from organic compounds. Some species are strictly heterotrophic, many others can also fix carbon dioxide and are mixotrophic. Examples: Rhodobacter, Rhodopseudomonas, Rhodospirillum, Rhodomicrobium, Rhodocyclus, Heliobacterium, Chloroflexus (alternatively to photolithoautotrophy with hydrogen)