Chapter 3 Last Set
... • Responsible for most carbon fixation on planet • Unusual enzyme-”weak”- when CO2 is low • easily inhibited by oxygen • Often found sequestered in carboxysomes to increase CO2 and lower O2 ...
... • Responsible for most carbon fixation on planet • Unusual enzyme-”weak”- when CO2 is low • easily inhibited by oxygen • Often found sequestered in carboxysomes to increase CO2 and lower O2 ...
V. How is matter cycled?
... A. For life to continue within the ecosystem, three things must take place. 1. The sun is the main source of energy for all life on Earth. 2. The cycling of matter and nutrients. 3. Gravity helps to hold everything in place, including the atmosphere and helps to move nutrients through their cycles. ...
... A. For life to continue within the ecosystem, three things must take place. 1. The sun is the main source of energy for all life on Earth. 2. The cycling of matter and nutrients. 3. Gravity helps to hold everything in place, including the atmosphere and helps to move nutrients through their cycles. ...
Chapter 3—The Cell I. Cell Theory. a. Organisms are made of 1 or
... phosphate = PO4-3) to ADP to form ATP. When ATP releases a phosphate group, it becomes ADP. (ATP ADP + Pi). j. Oxidation-reduction reactions (Redox). i. When a molecule or substance gives up one or more electrons, it is said to be "oxidized." ii. When a molecule or substance accepts electrons, it ...
... phosphate = PO4-3) to ADP to form ATP. When ATP releases a phosphate group, it becomes ADP. (ATP ADP + Pi). j. Oxidation-reduction reactions (Redox). i. When a molecule or substance gives up one or more electrons, it is said to be "oxidized." ii. When a molecule or substance accepts electrons, it ...
Slide 1
... • Metabolism: refers to the entire network of chemical processes involved in maintaining life. • Energy metabolism: the ways that the body obtains and spends energy from food. ...
... • Metabolism: refers to the entire network of chemical processes involved in maintaining life. • Energy metabolism: the ways that the body obtains and spends energy from food. ...
Classification and Nomenclature of Enzymes
... where “a” is the class, “b” is the subclass, “c” is the sub‐subclass, and “d” is the sub‐sub‐subclass. The “b” and “c” digits describe the reaction, while the “d” digit is used to distinguish between different enzymes of the same function based on the actual substrate in the reaction. • Exampl ...
... where “a” is the class, “b” is the subclass, “c” is the sub‐subclass, and “d” is the sub‐sub‐subclass. The “b” and “c” digits describe the reaction, while the “d” digit is used to distinguish between different enzymes of the same function based on the actual substrate in the reaction. • Exampl ...
Krebs cycle
... Very similar to PDC but has no intrinsic protein kinases & phosphatases. Otherwise has ~ the same regulation ...
... Very similar to PDC but has no intrinsic protein kinases & phosphatases. Otherwise has ~ the same regulation ...
PPT - George Mason University
... Certain Period 2 elements exhibit behaviors that are very similar to those of the Period 3 elements immediately below and to the right ...
... Certain Period 2 elements exhibit behaviors that are very similar to those of the Period 3 elements immediately below and to the right ...
Cellular Respiration Introduction Energy flow Overall Equation for
... The electron transport chain, consisting of several molecules (primarily proteins), is built into the inner membrane of a mitochondrion. NADH shuttles electrons from food to the “top” of the chain. At the “bottom”, oxygen captures the electrons and H+ to form water. The free energy change from “ ...
... The electron transport chain, consisting of several molecules (primarily proteins), is built into the inner membrane of a mitochondrion. NADH shuttles electrons from food to the “top” of the chain. At the “bottom”, oxygen captures the electrons and H+ to form water. The free energy change from “ ...
Chapter 7
... NADH, FADH2, and NADPH are important carriers of hydrogen and high-energy electrons. NADH and FADH2 are used in making ATP, while NADPH is used in biosynthetic reactions. C. NADPH: An Energy Shuttle for Biosynthesis Key terms: ATP, NADH, FADH2, NADPH, biosynthesis, ADP, pyrophosphate, AMP, GTP, NAD, ...
... NADH, FADH2, and NADPH are important carriers of hydrogen and high-energy electrons. NADH and FADH2 are used in making ATP, while NADPH is used in biosynthetic reactions. C. NADPH: An Energy Shuttle for Biosynthesis Key terms: ATP, NADH, FADH2, NADPH, biosynthesis, ADP, pyrophosphate, AMP, GTP, NAD, ...
Metabolic Processes
... copy of DNA molecule. It occurs during interphase y As replication begins, hydrogen bonds break, unwinding the DNA. y When the DNA is uncoiled, some nucleotides bases are exposed and DNA polymerase knit together the new sugar phosphate back of the DNA. y Two complete DNA molecules result, each o ...
... copy of DNA molecule. It occurs during interphase y As replication begins, hydrogen bonds break, unwinding the DNA. y When the DNA is uncoiled, some nucleotides bases are exposed and DNA polymerase knit together the new sugar phosphate back of the DNA. y Two complete DNA molecules result, each o ...
Biochemical Patterns of Some Heterotrophic Marine
... sharing the same tone of blue colour in presence of cyclohexylamine according to Mizzel& Simpson (1961). Therefore it was not possible to profit by the differences in the colours as for ithe other amino acids (e.g. glutamic acid, aspartic acid, glycine, arginine, and so on). ...
... sharing the same tone of blue colour in presence of cyclohexylamine according to Mizzel& Simpson (1961). Therefore it was not possible to profit by the differences in the colours as for ithe other amino acids (e.g. glutamic acid, aspartic acid, glycine, arginine, and so on). ...
Chemistry B2A Chapter 18 Oxidation
... In some reactions, it is not easy to see the electron loss and gain, so chemists developed another definition of oxidation and reduction: Oxidation is the gain of oxygen atoms and/or the loss of hydrogen atoms. Reduction is the loss of oxygen atoms and/or the gain of hydrogen atoms. CH4(g) + 2O2(g) ...
... In some reactions, it is not easy to see the electron loss and gain, so chemists developed another definition of oxidation and reduction: Oxidation is the gain of oxygen atoms and/or the loss of hydrogen atoms. Reduction is the loss of oxygen atoms and/or the gain of hydrogen atoms. CH4(g) + 2O2(g) ...
3 – Efficiency of Cellular Respiration
... detailed enough that any student could easily answer each question if they used your note alone. 1) In your own words, explain what is meant by the term “efficiency”. You may want to mention what it means to be inefficient too. Clever wording will allow you to say it all in one definition. 2) What i ...
... detailed enough that any student could easily answer each question if they used your note alone. 1) In your own words, explain what is meant by the term “efficiency”. You may want to mention what it means to be inefficient too. Clever wording will allow you to say it all in one definition. 2) What i ...
Cellular Respiration
... • NADH passes electrons to an electron transport chain • As electrons “fall” from carrier to carrier and finally to O2 • Energy is released in small quantities NAD+ NADH ...
... • NADH passes electrons to an electron transport chain • As electrons “fall” from carrier to carrier and finally to O2 • Energy is released in small quantities NAD+ NADH ...
Lactic acid fermentation
... Lactic acid fermentation is the simplest type of fermentation.[3] In essence, it is a redox reaction. In anaerobic conditions, the cell’s primary mechanism of ATP production is glycolysis. Glycolysis reduces – that is, transfers electrons to – NAD+, forming NADH. However, there is only a limited sup ...
... Lactic acid fermentation is the simplest type of fermentation.[3] In essence, it is a redox reaction. In anaerobic conditions, the cell’s primary mechanism of ATP production is glycolysis. Glycolysis reduces – that is, transfers electrons to – NAD+, forming NADH. However, there is only a limited sup ...
Photosynthesis
... reaction are used to power the formation of Organic Compounds (Sugars), using CO2. 2. This is a light Independent reaction. It can happen during the daylight, it just does NOT need light be completed. 3. Occurs in the stroma. 4. Cyclical pathway where carbon enters as CO2 and exits as PGAL (phosphog ...
... reaction are used to power the formation of Organic Compounds (Sugars), using CO2. 2. This is a light Independent reaction. It can happen during the daylight, it just does NOT need light be completed. 3. Occurs in the stroma. 4. Cyclical pathway where carbon enters as CO2 and exits as PGAL (phosphog ...
Biochemistry Test Review (Vocabulary on the back page
... Biochemistry Test Review (Vocabulary on the back page) ...
... Biochemistry Test Review (Vocabulary on the back page) ...
Glenbard District 87
... a. Obtain and communicate information explaining how the structure and function of systems of specialized cells within organisms help them perform the essential functions of life. HS.LS-‐-‐MEOE (Matter ...
... a. Obtain and communicate information explaining how the structure and function of systems of specialized cells within organisms help them perform the essential functions of life. HS.LS-‐-‐MEOE (Matter ...
C1 - Metals Quiz
... Plants absorb copper ions from low-grade copper ores. The plants are harvested and burnt. The ash left behind is dissolved in sulphuric acid to produce copper sulphate solution. The copper sulphate solution is either electrolysed or scrap iron is added to displace the copper ions What are the pros a ...
... Plants absorb copper ions from low-grade copper ores. The plants are harvested and burnt. The ash left behind is dissolved in sulphuric acid to produce copper sulphate solution. The copper sulphate solution is either electrolysed or scrap iron is added to displace the copper ions What are the pros a ...
Organic Naming Notes
... - In this example there is a chain with 9 (nonane) 2. Number the chain starting with one that will give the attached groups (substituent group) the lowest number. 3. Add numbers of the parent chain carbon bonded to the names of the substituent group ...
... - In this example there is a chain with 9 (nonane) 2. Number the chain starting with one that will give the attached groups (substituent group) the lowest number. 3. Add numbers of the parent chain carbon bonded to the names of the substituent group ...
8.1 Energy and Life
... food. Organisms get food in one of two ways. Heterotrophs get food by consuming (eating) other organisms. Autotrophs use the energy in sunlight to make their own food. Photosynthesis is the process that uses light energy to produce food molecules. ...
... food. Organisms get food in one of two ways. Heterotrophs get food by consuming (eating) other organisms. Autotrophs use the energy in sunlight to make their own food. Photosynthesis is the process that uses light energy to produce food molecules. ...
Chemistry of Metabolism
... The C in the figure above represents the atom carbon. A solid line represents a stable chemical bond called a covalent bond…but we will just call it a bond for now. The figures represent the same two chemicals in two different ways. The formula that shows the bonds as lines and what atom is connect ...
... The C in the figure above represents the atom carbon. A solid line represents a stable chemical bond called a covalent bond…but we will just call it a bond for now. The figures represent the same two chemicals in two different ways. The formula that shows the bonds as lines and what atom is connect ...
Microbial metabolism
Microbial metabolism is the means by which a microbe obtains the energy and nutrients (e.g. carbon) it needs to live and reproduce. Microbes use many different types of metabolic strategies and species can often be differentiated from each other based on metabolic characteristics. The specific metabolic properties of a microbe are the major factors in determining that microbe’s ecological niche, and often allow for that microbe to be useful in industrial processes or responsible for biogeochemical cycles.== Types of microbial metabolism ==All microbial metabolisms can be arranged according to three principles:1. How the organism obtains carbon for synthesising cell mass: autotrophic – carbon is obtained from carbon dioxide (CO2) heterotrophic – carbon is obtained from organic compounds mixotrophic – carbon is obtained from both organic compounds and by fixing carbon dioxide2. How the organism obtains reducing equivalents used either in energy conservation or in biosynthetic reactions: lithotrophic – reducing equivalents are obtained from inorganic compounds organotrophic – reducing equivalents are obtained from organic compounds3. How the organism obtains energy for living and growing: chemotrophic – energy is obtained from external chemical compounds phototrophic – energy is obtained from lightIn practice, these terms are almost freely combined. Typical examples are as follows: chemolithoautotrophs obtain energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds and carbon from the fixation of carbon dioxide. Examples: Nitrifying bacteria, Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, Iron-oxidizing bacteria, Knallgas-bacteria photolithoautotrophs obtain energy from light and carbon from the fixation of carbon dioxide, using reducing equivalents from inorganic compounds. Examples: Cyanobacteria (water (H2O) as reducing equivalent donor), Chlorobiaceae, Chromatiaceae (hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as reducing equivalent donor), Chloroflexus (hydrogen (H2) as reducing equivalent donor) chemolithoheterotrophs obtain energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds, but cannot fix carbon dioxide (CO2). Examples: some Thiobacilus, some Beggiatoa, some Nitrobacter spp., Wolinella (with H2 as reducing equivalent donor), some Knallgas-bacteria, some sulfate-reducing bacteria chemoorganoheterotrophs obtain energy, carbon, and reducing equivalents for biosynthetic reactions from organic compounds. Examples: most bacteria, e. g. Escherichia coli, Bacillus spp., Actinobacteria photoorganoheterotrophs obtain energy from light, carbon and reducing equivalents for biosynthetic reactions from organic compounds. Some species are strictly heterotrophic, many others can also fix carbon dioxide and are mixotrophic. Examples: Rhodobacter, Rhodopseudomonas, Rhodospirillum, Rhodomicrobium, Rhodocyclus, Heliobacterium, Chloroflexus (alternatively to photolithoautotrophy with hydrogen)