Cells and Tissues PPT
... Cell Physiology: Membrane Transport •1. Membrane transport—movement of substances into and out of the cell •Cell membranes are selectively permeable (some substances can pass through but others cannot) •2. Two basic methods of transport •Passive processes •No energy is required •Active processes •C ...
... Cell Physiology: Membrane Transport •1. Membrane transport—movement of substances into and out of the cell •Cell membranes are selectively permeable (some substances can pass through but others cannot) •2. Two basic methods of transport •Passive processes •No energy is required •Active processes •C ...
"Molecular Motors in Plant Cells". In: Molecular Motors
... of the kinase. Orthologs of NACK1 and NACK2 have been identified in Arabidopsis and AtNACK1 was found to be identical to HIK. These KLPs are highly diverged N-terminal motors and do not group with any of the known KLP subfamilies (Reddy and Day, 2001b). The closest non-plant KLP that shares signific ...
... of the kinase. Orthologs of NACK1 and NACK2 have been identified in Arabidopsis and AtNACK1 was found to be identical to HIK. These KLPs are highly diverged N-terminal motors and do not group with any of the known KLP subfamilies (Reddy and Day, 2001b). The closest non-plant KLP that shares signific ...
Effects of Lignification, Cellulose Crystallinity and Enzyme
... microbial growth Rnrl (or) enzyme Activity. by inac tivating the enzyme or by sterically hindering its at t achment to the structural carbohydrate. Chesson et al. (1982) showed that phenolic acids inhibited growth and cellulolytic activity of ruminal bacteria. Akin (1982) found that para-coumaric, f ...
... microbial growth Rnrl (or) enzyme Activity. by inac tivating the enzyme or by sterically hindering its at t achment to the structural carbohydrate. Chesson et al. (1982) showed that phenolic acids inhibited growth and cellulolytic activity of ruminal bacteria. Akin (1982) found that para-coumaric, f ...
The Nucleolus under Stress
... Although most examples of mechanisms for modulating ribosome subunit biogenesis upon cellular stress involve control of RNA Pol I activity, alternative pathways may also exist. For instance, it has been shown recently that infection of human cells with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) affects rRN ...
... Although most examples of mechanisms for modulating ribosome subunit biogenesis upon cellular stress involve control of RNA Pol I activity, alternative pathways may also exist. For instance, it has been shown recently that infection of human cells with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) affects rRN ...
Get PDF file - Botanik in Bonn
... cells are well known (174) even though the conditions which bring about these MT distributions are obscure; some perhaps, could involve self-organizing processes dependent upon reaction-diffusion mechanisms (208a). Less well known, however, are the small rings of MTs (2–3 µm diameter) which develop ...
... cells are well known (174) even though the conditions which bring about these MT distributions are obscure; some perhaps, could involve self-organizing processes dependent upon reaction-diffusion mechanisms (208a). Less well known, however, are the small rings of MTs (2–3 µm diameter) which develop ...
year 12 biology - Miss Jan`s Science Wikispace
... Describe the difference between a prokaryote and eukaryote Describe the basic structure of a prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell Give examples of prokaryote and eukaryote cells Explain the difference between a plant and animal cell Explain what an organelle is Identify the nucleus, nuclear envelope, nuc ...
... Describe the difference between a prokaryote and eukaryote Describe the basic structure of a prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell Give examples of prokaryote and eukaryote cells Explain the difference between a plant and animal cell Explain what an organelle is Identify the nucleus, nuclear envelope, nuc ...
Asymmetric cell division and axis formation in the embryo
... (Cowan and Hyman, 2004; Sonneville and Gönczy, 2004). Therefore, unless extremely attenuated microtubules provide the cue, these experiments demonstrate that the centrosome or a specific protein contained within it breaks the symmetry of the zygote. 2.2. A dynamic actomyosin network Physical associa ...
... (Cowan and Hyman, 2004; Sonneville and Gönczy, 2004). Therefore, unless extremely attenuated microtubules provide the cue, these experiments demonstrate that the centrosome or a specific protein contained within it breaks the symmetry of the zygote. 2.2. A dynamic actomyosin network Physical associa ...
The Balance between Cell Division and Endoreplication Depends
... DPB Is Targeted for Proteolysis by the SCFSKP2A Complex Previously, we showed that the SCFSKP2A complex targets E2FC for proteasome degradation (del Pozo et al., 2002). To test whether the SCFSKP2A complex might also be responsible for targeting DPB protein, we performed pull-down experiments using ...
... DPB Is Targeted for Proteolysis by the SCFSKP2A Complex Previously, we showed that the SCFSKP2A complex targets E2FC for proteasome degradation (del Pozo et al., 2002). To test whether the SCFSKP2A complex might also be responsible for targeting DPB protein, we performed pull-down experiments using ...
Copyright Information of the Article Published Online
... in cell metabolism, especially in terms of fatty acid metabolism, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and ROS scavenging, and it is now clear that they metabolically interact with each other. These two organelles share some properties, such as great plasticity and high potency to adapt their f ...
... in cell metabolism, especially in terms of fatty acid metabolism, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and ROS scavenging, and it is now clear that they metabolically interact with each other. These two organelles share some properties, such as great plasticity and high potency to adapt their f ...
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... apical, assemble in areas of membrane contact, and gap junctional complexes form low-resistance channels between the basolateral membranes (Ducibella & Anderson, 1975; Magnuson, Demsey & Stackpole, 1977; Lo & Gilula, 1979). It is believed that the events of compaction have an important influence on ...
... apical, assemble in areas of membrane contact, and gap junctional complexes form low-resistance channels between the basolateral membranes (Ducibella & Anderson, 1975; Magnuson, Demsey & Stackpole, 1977; Lo & Gilula, 1979). It is believed that the events of compaction have an important influence on ...
Paper 2
... 500 M GDPS (GDPS, then GTP␥S ⫹ GDPS column). Percentages shown are the means of three experiments; at least 100 hyphae were counted in each experiment. Standard errors were too small to appear on graph. ...
... 500 M GDPS (GDPS, then GTP␥S ⫹ GDPS column). Percentages shown are the means of three experiments; at least 100 hyphae were counted in each experiment. Standard errors were too small to appear on graph. ...
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... Buechner, 2002). By contrast, the duct and pore do not appear to express ERM-1 or most exc genes, but the mature duct and pore lumens are lined by a collagenous cuticle that is contiguous with that of the epidermis (Nelson and Riddle, 1984) (Fig. 1A-E). However, the bulk of cuticle secretion does no ...
... Buechner, 2002). By contrast, the duct and pore do not appear to express ERM-1 or most exc genes, but the mature duct and pore lumens are lined by a collagenous cuticle that is contiguous with that of the epidermis (Nelson and Riddle, 1984) (Fig. 1A-E). However, the bulk of cuticle secretion does no ...
Proteomic Analysis of the Arabidopsis Nucleolus Suggests Novel
... originate in other aspects of nucleolar function. In animal nucleoli, transcription occurs in the dense fibrillar component (DFC; Koberna et al., 2002), often at the surface of the closely associated fibrillar centers (FC). The early processing of rRNAs occurs in the DFC and ribosomal subunits are a ...
... originate in other aspects of nucleolar function. In animal nucleoli, transcription occurs in the dense fibrillar component (DFC; Koberna et al., 2002), often at the surface of the closely associated fibrillar centers (FC). The early processing of rRNAs occurs in the DFC and ribosomal subunits are a ...
The dendritic cell side of the immunological synapse
... within the T cell (55). DCs not only counteract the centripetal forces conferred by the T cell cytoskeleton, but also receive signals themselves from T cells at the immunological synapse. Engagement of CD40L on the T cell with CD40 on the DC provides a pro-survival signal that protects the DC from u ...
... within the T cell (55). DCs not only counteract the centripetal forces conferred by the T cell cytoskeleton, but also receive signals themselves from T cells at the immunological synapse. Engagement of CD40L on the T cell with CD40 on the DC provides a pro-survival signal that protects the DC from u ...
Biogenesis of the Protein Storage Vacuole Crystalloid
... In addition to the results from precursor-accumulating vesicle studies (Hara-Nishimura et al., 1998), the results from studies of traffic of chimeric integral membrane proteins to vacuoles in tobacco suspension culture protoplasts indicated that some membrane components of organelles in the PSV path ...
... In addition to the results from precursor-accumulating vesicle studies (Hara-Nishimura et al., 1998), the results from studies of traffic of chimeric integral membrane proteins to vacuoles in tobacco suspension culture protoplasts indicated that some membrane components of organelles in the PSV path ...
In-Cell Solid-State NMR - Institut de Biologie Physico
... Although in-cell solid-state NMR has benefited from recent developments such as MAS for high-resolution solid-state NMR and DNP for signal enhancement, the application of in-cell NMR to proteins also relies on one’s ability to overexpress these biomolecules to ensure that they are 1) concentrated en ...
... Although in-cell solid-state NMR has benefited from recent developments such as MAS for high-resolution solid-state NMR and DNP for signal enhancement, the application of in-cell NMR to proteins also relies on one’s ability to overexpress these biomolecules to ensure that they are 1) concentrated en ...
Molecular organization of the cell wall of Candida albicans and its
... of GlcNAc residues from the universal substrate UDP-Nacetylglucosamine to the growing chain of the polysaccharide. The reaction (catalyzed by ill-known enzymes called chitin synthases, Chsps) requires a divalent metal, generally Mg21, but does not involve a lipid or a high-energy intermediate (Ruiz- ...
... of GlcNAc residues from the universal substrate UDP-Nacetylglucosamine to the growing chain of the polysaccharide. The reaction (catalyzed by ill-known enzymes called chitin synthases, Chsps) requires a divalent metal, generally Mg21, but does not involve a lipid or a high-energy intermediate (Ruiz- ...
Thuy`s Rho family GTPases review
... • Both papers by Buchsbaum and Wittmann indicates that activation of Rac results in down-regulation/inhibition of Rho. Buchsbaum, R. (2007). Rho activation at a glance. Wittmann, T. and Storer, C. (2001). Cell motility: can Rho GTPases and microtubules point the way? ...
... • Both papers by Buchsbaum and Wittmann indicates that activation of Rac results in down-regulation/inhibition of Rho. Buchsbaum, R. (2007). Rho activation at a glance. Wittmann, T. and Storer, C. (2001). Cell motility: can Rho GTPases and microtubules point the way? ...
Defining retinal progenitor cell competence in
... (Fig. 2), suggestive of a lineage relationship. These clusters occurred at low density (Fig. 2A-C) and, if more than one was present in an eye, they were well separated. Individual cells within a cluster were radially aligned (Fig. 2A,B), although some tangential dispersion was seen (Fig. 2C). A cri ...
... (Fig. 2), suggestive of a lineage relationship. These clusters occurred at low density (Fig. 2A-C) and, if more than one was present in an eye, they were well separated. Individual cells within a cluster were radially aligned (Fig. 2A,B), although some tangential dispersion was seen (Fig. 2C). A cri ...
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... (Fig. 2), suggestive of a lineage relationship. These clusters occurred at low density (Fig. 2A-C) and, if more than one was present in an eye, they were well separated. Individual cells within a cluster were radially aligned (Fig. 2A,B), although some tangential dispersion was seen (Fig. 2C). A cri ...
... (Fig. 2), suggestive of a lineage relationship. These clusters occurred at low density (Fig. 2A-C) and, if more than one was present in an eye, they were well separated. Individual cells within a cluster were radially aligned (Fig. 2A,B), although some tangential dispersion was seen (Fig. 2C). A cri ...
A Pd8 Tetrafacial Molecular Barrel as Carrier for Water Insoluble
... etal−ligand coordination driven self-assembly has evolved as a powerful approach to achieve discrete nanometer-sized molecular architectures.1 After the successful synthesis of the famous “molecular square” in 1990 via this approach, the next two decades have seen a tremendous growth in this field wi ...
... etal−ligand coordination driven self-assembly has evolved as a powerful approach to achieve discrete nanometer-sized molecular architectures.1 After the successful synthesis of the famous “molecular square” in 1990 via this approach, the next two decades have seen a tremendous growth in this field wi ...
The Chemical & Physical Structure of Merino Wool
... during fibre growth by a process called “keratinisation”. These make keratin fibres insoluble in water and more stable to chemical and physical attack than other types of proteins. Disulphide bonds are involved in the chemical reactions that occur in the 'setting' of fabrics during finishing. In thi ...
... during fibre growth by a process called “keratinisation”. These make keratin fibres insoluble in water and more stable to chemical and physical attack than other types of proteins. Disulphide bonds are involved in the chemical reactions that occur in the 'setting' of fabrics during finishing. In thi ...
Somatic Cytokinesis and Pollen Maturation in Arabidopsis
... of a ring of microtubules and actin filaments, encircles the nucleus at prophase, and determines the future division zone (Mineyuki and Gunning, 1990; Wick, 1991; Mineyuki, 1999). The PPB is removed before chromosome segregation and cytokinesis and therefore cannot contribute directly to the cell pl ...
... of a ring of microtubules and actin filaments, encircles the nucleus at prophase, and determines the future division zone (Mineyuki and Gunning, 1990; Wick, 1991; Mineyuki, 1999). The PPB is removed before chromosome segregation and cytokinesis and therefore cannot contribute directly to the cell pl ...
Cytosol
The cytosol or intracellular fluid (ICF) or cytoplasmic matrix is the liquid found inside cells. It is separated into compartments by membranes. For example, the mitochondrial matrix separates the mitochondrion into many compartments.In the eukaryotic cell, the cytosol is within the cell membrane and is part of the cytoplasm, which also comprises the mitochondria, plastids, and other organelles (but not their internal fluids and structures); the cell nucleus is separate. In prokaryotes, most of the chemical reactions of metabolism take place in the cytosol, while a few take place in membranes or in the periplasmic space. In eukaryotes, while many metabolic pathways still occur in the cytosol, others are contained within organelles.The cytosol is a complex mixture of substances dissolved in water. Although water forms the large majority of the cytosol, its structure and properties within cells is not well understood. The concentrations of ions such as sodium and potassium are different in the cytosol than in the extracellular fluid; these differences in ion levels are important in processes such as osmoregulation, cell signaling, and the generation of action potentials in excitable cells such as endocrine, nerve and muscle cells. The cytosol also contains large amounts of macromolecules, which can alter how molecules behave, through macromolecular crowding.Although it was once thought to be a simple solution of molecules, the cytosol has multiple levels of organization. These include concentration gradients of small molecules such as calcium, large complexes of enzymes that act together to carry out metabolic pathways, and protein complexes such as proteasomes and carboxysomes that enclose and separate parts of the cytosol.