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... and under various experimental treatments. Likewise, after a designated period of time, the labeled cells may be labeled with the same mAb followed by labeling with a different secondary antibody-fluorophore conjugate. Imaging of the two fluorescent signals with different channels and/or filter sets ...
... and under various experimental treatments. Likewise, after a designated period of time, the labeled cells may be labeled with the same mAb followed by labeling with a different secondary antibody-fluorophore conjugate. Imaging of the two fluorescent signals with different channels and/or filter sets ...
GFP-tagging of cell components reveals the dynamics of subcellular
... not yet been elucidated. As is generally the case in inhibitor studies, it is difficult to determine what effects of the treatments apply specifically to the defense response and what may be due to interference in other fundamental functions played by the cytoskeleton in plant cell growth and develo ...
... not yet been elucidated. As is generally the case in inhibitor studies, it is difficult to determine what effects of the treatments apply specifically to the defense response and what may be due to interference in other fundamental functions played by the cytoskeleton in plant cell growth and develo ...
Chronic Wound Care Guidelines
... procedure of choice to address underlying venous pathologic etiology (with or without skin grafting or use of a bilayered artificial skin). 6.3 Less extensive surgery on the venous system, such as superficial venous ablation, endovenous laser ablation or valvuloplasty, especially when combined with ...
... procedure of choice to address underlying venous pathologic etiology (with or without skin grafting or use of a bilayered artificial skin). 6.3 Less extensive surgery on the venous system, such as superficial venous ablation, endovenous laser ablation or valvuloplasty, especially when combined with ...
Mechanics of the Cvtoskeleton
... cells. Microtubules and actin filaments cooperate to fbrm tensegral structures together with other proteins. (a) Organization of microtubules (M7s) and actin filaments in an expanding cell; ntolecular details o1'the cell wall-plasma menrbrane*cytoskeleton(WMC) continuum are shou'n in (c). (b) Organi ...
... cells. Microtubules and actin filaments cooperate to fbrm tensegral structures together with other proteins. (a) Organization of microtubules (M7s) and actin filaments in an expanding cell; ntolecular details o1'the cell wall-plasma menrbrane*cytoskeleton(WMC) continuum are shou'n in (c). (b) Organi ...
Direct conversion of root primordium into shoot meristem relies on
... In Arabidopsis, organogenesis can be induced in explants prepared from root or hypocotyl (Atta et al., 2009; Che et al., 2006; Gordon et al., 2007; Valvekens et al., 1988). In two-step protocols, cell proliferation is first enhanced in explants placed on a callus-inducing medium (CIM) characterized ...
... In Arabidopsis, organogenesis can be induced in explants prepared from root or hypocotyl (Atta et al., 2009; Che et al., 2006; Gordon et al., 2007; Valvekens et al., 1988). In two-step protocols, cell proliferation is first enhanced in explants placed on a callus-inducing medium (CIM) characterized ...
Co-option of an endogenous retrovirus envelope for host defense in
... containing antibiotic resistance or fluorescent protein genes (Figure 2A). This procedure progressively enriched MLV-ancHTenv-susceptible DF-1 cells (Figure 2—figure supplement 1A). Lentiviralvector directed PCR primers were then used to identify a human cDNA in the selected cells, that encoded huma ...
... containing antibiotic resistance or fluorescent protein genes (Figure 2A). This procedure progressively enriched MLV-ancHTenv-susceptible DF-1 cells (Figure 2—figure supplement 1A). Lentiviralvector directed PCR primers were then used to identify a human cDNA in the selected cells, that encoded huma ...
Differentiation of Cardiac Myocytes after Mitogen Withdrawal
... By days 2 and 3, the contractile myocytes developed a characteristic morphology consisting of a coarse granular cytoplasm with dense inclusions and a dense round nucleus. By the criteria of morphology and spontaneous contraction, the ventricular myocytes were readily distinguished from nonmuscle cel ...
... By days 2 and 3, the contractile myocytes developed a characteristic morphology consisting of a coarse granular cytoplasm with dense inclusions and a dense round nucleus. By the criteria of morphology and spontaneous contraction, the ventricular myocytes were readily distinguished from nonmuscle cel ...
Document
... Thin outer membrane to let oxygen diffuse through easily. Shape increases the surface area to allow more oxygen to be absorbed efficiently. No nucleus, so the whole cell is full of haemoglobin. ...
... Thin outer membrane to let oxygen diffuse through easily. Shape increases the surface area to allow more oxygen to be absorbed efficiently. No nucleus, so the whole cell is full of haemoglobin. ...
Essential embryonic roles of the CKI-1 cyclin
... Caenorhabditis elegans, we identified overlapping chromosomal deletions that define a gene required for these decisions. These deletions result in embryonic hyperplasia in multiple somatic tissues, excessive numbers of cell corpses, and profound defects in morphogenesis and differentiation. However, ...
... Caenorhabditis elegans, we identified overlapping chromosomal deletions that define a gene required for these decisions. These deletions result in embryonic hyperplasia in multiple somatic tissues, excessive numbers of cell corpses, and profound defects in morphogenesis and differentiation. However, ...
Prostaglandins as modulators of immunity
... into a series of prostaglandins, including PGI2, PGF2α, PGD2 and PGE2 (Fig. 1). The recent discovery that the expression of PGE synthases can be induced by proinflammatory stimuli provides another layer of regulation and complexity in the production of prostaglandins [6]. Upon production, prostaglan ...
... into a series of prostaglandins, including PGI2, PGF2α, PGD2 and PGE2 (Fig. 1). The recent discovery that the expression of PGE synthases can be induced by proinflammatory stimuli provides another layer of regulation and complexity in the production of prostaglandins [6]. Upon production, prostaglan ...
“Understanding dissemination of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from
... alveolar barriers in triplicate for each strain. Inocula CFUs were verified by plating serial ...
... alveolar barriers in triplicate for each strain. Inocula CFUs were verified by plating serial ...
Work assigned problems in Chapter
... Hemoglobin is a tetramer having four binding sites for oxygen. The affinity of each heme for O 2 changes (increases) upon the binding of (or with the presence of) O 2 at other heme sites. This means that the value of P 50 increases (K d decreases) as successive O 2 are bound to the hemes. At low pO2 ...
... Hemoglobin is a tetramer having four binding sites for oxygen. The affinity of each heme for O 2 changes (increases) upon the binding of (or with the presence of) O 2 at other heme sites. This means that the value of P 50 increases (K d decreases) as successive O 2 are bound to the hemes. At low pO2 ...
a-detailed-study-of
... are rapidly phagocytosed by neighboring cells, mainly macrophages, before leakage of the cellular contents, this cell death process does not usually result in an inflammatory response [5 and 6]. In contrast, necrosis is an accidental form of cell death, resulting from physically or chemically induce ...
... are rapidly phagocytosed by neighboring cells, mainly macrophages, before leakage of the cellular contents, this cell death process does not usually result in an inflammatory response [5 and 6]. In contrast, necrosis is an accidental form of cell death, resulting from physically or chemically induce ...
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... an institution of its own. The school prides itself on offering not only productive educational content but also an opportunity for the young researchers to form a global network. We are committed to continuing contributions to scientific advances through immunology research and education and the ev ...
... an institution of its own. The school prides itself on offering not only productive educational content but also an opportunity for the young researchers to form a global network. We are committed to continuing contributions to scientific advances through immunology research and education and the ev ...
Avoidance of Four-way Junctions and
... Figure 2. Antitubulin labeling of isodiametric, premitotic epidermal cells. (a and b) In the upper cell in a, cortical MTs radiate from several points of intense fluorescence (e.g., black arrows). These can be traced in b (e.g., white arrow) to strands radiating from the nucleus. In the lower cell ...
... Figure 2. Antitubulin labeling of isodiametric, premitotic epidermal cells. (a and b) In the upper cell in a, cortical MTs radiate from several points of intense fluorescence (e.g., black arrows). These can be traced in b (e.g., white arrow) to strands radiating from the nucleus. In the lower cell ...
Nitrogen gas flushing can be bactericidal: the temperature
... milk following the pasteurization step and observed that bacterial growth was inhibited up to 35 days at 6◦ C, when the treatment was applied shortly after pasteurization; Bacillus weihenstephanensis was frequently isolated from controls or N2 -flushed pasteurized milk (Munsch-Alatossava et al., 201 ...
... milk following the pasteurization step and observed that bacterial growth was inhibited up to 35 days at 6◦ C, when the treatment was applied shortly after pasteurization; Bacillus weihenstephanensis was frequently isolated from controls or N2 -flushed pasteurized milk (Munsch-Alatossava et al., 201 ...
IL-lra - Blood Journal
... intracellular (icIL-lra). icIL-Ira mRNA was also found in fib rob last^,'^ whereas only sIL-lra transcripts were detectable in human PMN andmonocyte^.'^ Purified icIL-Ira had a biologic activity comparable with sIL- lra," and recombinant icIL-lra inhibited IL-l -mediated activities in human endothel ...
... intracellular (icIL-lra). icIL-Ira mRNA was also found in fib rob last^,'^ whereas only sIL-lra transcripts were detectable in human PMN andmonocyte^.'^ Purified icIL-Ira had a biologic activity comparable with sIL- lra," and recombinant icIL-lra inhibited IL-l -mediated activities in human endothel ...
Cryptococcus neoformans Induces Expression of Fas Ligand in Macrophages
... with 5% CO2. After incubation, cells were collected by centrifugation, fixed in 1% paraformaldehyde in PBS, permeabilized for 10 min at room temperature with PBS containing 0.1% saponin (Sigma-Aldrich) (permeabilization buffer (PB)), washed twice with PB, and stained with FLUOS18B7 (1:100) in PB plu ...
... with 5% CO2. After incubation, cells were collected by centrifugation, fixed in 1% paraformaldehyde in PBS, permeabilized for 10 min at room temperature with PBS containing 0.1% saponin (Sigma-Aldrich) (permeabilization buffer (PB)), washed twice with PB, and stained with FLUOS18B7 (1:100) in PB plu ...
Cell Structure and Functions
... The invention of the light microscope differed from earlier microscopes as it a. did not use an oil lamp for lighting. b. used more than one lens. c. focused light up through a specimen. d. featured a tube with an eyepiece. Though cells in living things are put together in many ways to form differen ...
... The invention of the light microscope differed from earlier microscopes as it a. did not use an oil lamp for lighting. b. used more than one lens. c. focused light up through a specimen. d. featured a tube with an eyepiece. Though cells in living things are put together in many ways to form differen ...
THE CELL CYCLE OF PHYTOPLANKTON : COUPLING CELL
... phytoplankton and, if yes, how do the different stimuli map onto the cell cycle? Two methods can be used to address these questions. One can starve cells for a given factor (e.g. maintain cells in darkness) and locate the portion of the cell cycle where cells accumulate. The reversibility of the arr ...
... phytoplankton and, if yes, how do the different stimuli map onto the cell cycle? Two methods can be used to address these questions. One can starve cells for a given factor (e.g. maintain cells in darkness) and locate the portion of the cell cycle where cells accumulate. The reversibility of the arr ...
Modulating Wound Healing After Glaucoma Surgery
... surgery include optimizing the choice of agent, method of its application, and surgical technique (Figure 4). For example, one can use different single-application antiscarring agents and titrate concentrations against patient risk factors. This method is particularly important if the patient has a ...
... surgery include optimizing the choice of agent, method of its application, and surgical technique (Figure 4). For example, one can use different single-application antiscarring agents and titrate concentrations against patient risk factors. This method is particularly important if the patient has a ...
Roles of vaccinia virus EEV-specific proteins in intracellular actin tail
... ∆A36R failed to make actin tails although numerous virus particles were present throughout the cell (Fig. 3 c–f ). This result matches that observed in BS-C-1 cells and several other cell types examined (C2-C12, CV-1 and TK−143) (data not shown), confirming that it is the virus genotype rather than ...
... ∆A36R failed to make actin tails although numerous virus particles were present throughout the cell (Fig. 3 c–f ). This result matches that observed in BS-C-1 cells and several other cell types examined (C2-C12, CV-1 and TK−143) (data not shown), confirming that it is the virus genotype rather than ...
Comparison of Autotransporter and Ice Nucleation Protein as Carrier
... many applications such as clinical diagnosis and therapeutics [1], which require antibodies with high antigen affinity and specificity [2]. To achieve this purpose, researchers invented many techniques to display engineered antibody fragments or full IgG on the surface of phage[3], yeast[4] or bacte ...
... many applications such as clinical diagnosis and therapeutics [1], which require antibodies with high antigen affinity and specificity [2]. To achieve this purpose, researchers invented many techniques to display engineered antibody fragments or full IgG on the surface of phage[3], yeast[4] or bacte ...
Roles of vaccinia virus EEV-specific proteins in intracellular actin tail
... ∆A36R failed to make actin tails although numerous virus particles were present throughout the cell (Fig. 3 c–f ). This result matches that observed in BS-C-1 cells and several other cell types examined (C2-C12, CV-1 and TK−143) (data not shown), confirming that it is the virus genotype rather than ...
... ∆A36R failed to make actin tails although numerous virus particles were present throughout the cell (Fig. 3 c–f ). This result matches that observed in BS-C-1 cells and several other cell types examined (C2-C12, CV-1 and TK−143) (data not shown), confirming that it is the virus genotype rather than ...
Chapter 4 Periapical diseases
... and periosteum a day or so after the onset of pain, allowing relief of the pressure. Pain quickly abates but exudates, if it cannot escape, distends the soft tissues to form a swelling. When an upper canine is affected, the swelling quickly spreads to the face and eyelid and may close the eye on tha ...
... and periosteum a day or so after the onset of pain, allowing relief of the pressure. Pain quickly abates but exudates, if it cannot escape, distends the soft tissues to form a swelling. When an upper canine is affected, the swelling quickly spreads to the face and eyelid and may close the eye on tha ...
Tissue engineering
Tissue engineering is the use of a combination of cells, engineering and materials methods, and suitable biochemical and physicochemical factors to improve or replace biological functions. While it was once categorized as a sub-field of biomaterials, having grown in scope and importance it can be considered as a field in its own right.While most definitions of tissue engineering cover a broad range of applications, in practice the term is closely associated with applications that repair or replace portions of or whole tissues (i.e., bone, cartilage, blood vessels, bladder, skin, muscle etc.). Often, the tissues involved require certain mechanical and structural properties for proper functioning. The term has also been applied to efforts to perform specific biochemical functions using cells within an artificially-created support system (e.g. an artificial pancreas, or a bio artificial liver). The term regenerative medicine is often used synonymously with tissue engineering, although those involved in regenerative medicine place more emphasis on the use of stem cells or progenitor cells to produce tissues.