Optical mapping of atrioventricular node reveals a - AJP
... AV node preparation. New Zealand White rabbits (2.0–3.0 kg) were anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium (Nembutal; 35 mg/kg) by intravenous injection in an ear vein. The chest was opened, and heparin (200 U) was injected in the inferior vena cava. After a few minutes, the heart was removed and perfu ...
... AV node preparation. New Zealand White rabbits (2.0–3.0 kg) were anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium (Nembutal; 35 mg/kg) by intravenous injection in an ear vein. The chest was opened, and heparin (200 U) was injected in the inferior vena cava. After a few minutes, the heart was removed and perfu ...
Optical mapping of atrioventricular node reveals
... AV node preparation. New Zealand White rabbits (2.0–3.0 kg) were anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium (Nembutal; 35 mg/kg) by intravenous injection in an ear vein. The chest was opened, and heparin (200 U) was injected in the inferior vena cava. After a few minutes, the heart was removed and perfu ...
... AV node preparation. New Zealand White rabbits (2.0–3.0 kg) were anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium (Nembutal; 35 mg/kg) by intravenous injection in an ear vein. The chest was opened, and heparin (200 U) was injected in the inferior vena cava. After a few minutes, the heart was removed and perfu ...
Human Dendritic Cell Subsets In Vivo Colony
... humans, as is seen in mice (3). If indeed they do, this may open up new possibilities for immunomodulation and may offer more mechanistic and rational approaches to the use of such cytokines in enhancing anti-infectious or antitumor immunity. In this context, the immunomodulatory effects of cytokine ...
... humans, as is seen in mice (3). If indeed they do, this may open up new possibilities for immunomodulation and may offer more mechanistic and rational approaches to the use of such cytokines in enhancing anti-infectious or antitumor immunity. In this context, the immunomodulatory effects of cytokine ...
Isolation and biological activity of extracellular slime associated with
... and harvested during late logarithmic growth phase. ...
... and harvested during late logarithmic growth phase. ...
Diapositive 1
... were treated with the phosphatase inhibitor CalA (20 nM) and, at indicated time points, phosphorylated Par-4 (upward shift) was assessed by western blotting. (B) Cells were treated for 1h with CalA (20 nM) or okadaic acid (OA) both at a low (0.5 µM; shown to inhibit only phosphatase PP2) and at a hi ...
... were treated with the phosphatase inhibitor CalA (20 nM) and, at indicated time points, phosphorylated Par-4 (upward shift) was assessed by western blotting. (B) Cells were treated for 1h with CalA (20 nM) or okadaic acid (OA) both at a low (0.5 µM; shown to inhibit only phosphatase PP2) and at a hi ...
Life, Death, and Cell Proliferation
... of DNA. In the final stages, the dying cells become fragmented into “apoptotic bodies”, which are rapidly eliminated by phagocytic cells without eliciting significant inflammatory damage to surrounding cells. Inappropriate induction of apoptosis has widespread pathological implications and has been ...
... of DNA. In the final stages, the dying cells become fragmented into “apoptotic bodies”, which are rapidly eliminated by phagocytic cells without eliciting significant inflammatory damage to surrounding cells. Inappropriate induction of apoptosis has widespread pathological implications and has been ...
A motif of eleven amino acids is a structural adaptation that
... prestin [residues 158–174 (ISVGYNSTNATDASDYY)] (Fig. 1). All three chimeric prestin clones exhibited cell surface expression 24–48 hours after transfection, as evident by the membrane-associated EGFP expression (Fig. 2A). Each chimeric ...
... prestin [residues 158–174 (ISVGYNSTNATDASDYY)] (Fig. 1). All three chimeric prestin clones exhibited cell surface expression 24–48 hours after transfection, as evident by the membrane-associated EGFP expression (Fig. 2A). Each chimeric ...
Direct detection of ligand–protein interaction using AFM
... between single molecules are essential for organisms. Malfunctioning of the immune system can result in severe disorders, such as autoimmune diseases, hypersensitivities, or immune deficiency (Lodish et al. 2004). Another example of the cell adhesion is a cell migration, which is dependent on the co ...
... between single molecules are essential for organisms. Malfunctioning of the immune system can result in severe disorders, such as autoimmune diseases, hypersensitivities, or immune deficiency (Lodish et al. 2004). Another example of the cell adhesion is a cell migration, which is dependent on the co ...
Influence of ovarian muscle contraction and oocyte growth on egg
... increases in volume through the end of stage 10 (stage 10b). The nurse cells increase their volumes throughout stages 1 to 10b, primarily through endoreplication of their genomes. By contrast, the oocyte undergoes an independent expansion beginning at stage 8 when it takes up yolk proteins, a proces ...
... increases in volume through the end of stage 10 (stage 10b). The nurse cells increase their volumes throughout stages 1 to 10b, primarily through endoreplication of their genomes. By contrast, the oocyte undergoes an independent expansion beginning at stage 8 when it takes up yolk proteins, a proces ...
Rat Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells Show Specificity of
... After particle feeding and rinsing, cells on glass coverslips were fixed in 2 ml of 3.7% formaldehyde in 0.1 M PBS, pH 7.4, for 30 min at 37°C (9). To reduce breakage of attached ROS, the formaldehyde concentration was gradually decreased by serial dilution with PBS, before a final 30-min rinse in P ...
... After particle feeding and rinsing, cells on glass coverslips were fixed in 2 ml of 3.7% formaldehyde in 0.1 M PBS, pH 7.4, for 30 min at 37°C (9). To reduce breakage of attached ROS, the formaldehyde concentration was gradually decreased by serial dilution with PBS, before a final 30-min rinse in P ...
Neuromodulation of Transduction and Signal
... neuromodulator of taste cell function. Presumably, serotonin augments responses to chemical stimulation in some cells and depresses it in other cells. What remains to be determined is how does serotonin affect taste cell responses in the intact tissue. Does 5HT modulate taste reception? What trigger ...
... neuromodulator of taste cell function. Presumably, serotonin augments responses to chemical stimulation in some cells and depresses it in other cells. What remains to be determined is how does serotonin affect taste cell responses in the intact tissue. Does 5HT modulate taste reception? What trigger ...
PureLink® RNA Mini Kit - Thermo Fisher Scientific
... Whole blood: We recommend collecting whole blood in the presence of anticoagulants (e.g. EDTA or citrate) and storing at 4ºC until use. Freshly drawn blood can be used without anticoagulants. You may also process frozen blood. ...
... Whole blood: We recommend collecting whole blood in the presence of anticoagulants (e.g. EDTA or citrate) and storing at 4ºC until use. Freshly drawn blood can be used without anticoagulants. You may also process frozen blood. ...
Cytochrome c Release and Apoptosis Induced by Mitochondrial
... induced NurRE reporter gene activity, which was strongly inhibited by apoptosis-inducing agents. In contrast, all-trans-retinoic acid (RA) and EGF had no effect (Fig. 1E). Repression of TR3 transactivation function by these apoptosis inducers was unexpected, because TR3 was thought to exert its proa ...
... induced NurRE reporter gene activity, which was strongly inhibited by apoptosis-inducing agents. In contrast, all-trans-retinoic acid (RA) and EGF had no effect (Fig. 1E). Repression of TR3 transactivation function by these apoptosis inducers was unexpected, because TR3 was thought to exert its proa ...
Functional Analysis of Cellulose and Xyloglucan
... length, and cellulose reorganization were aberrant during fusicoccin-induced stomatal opening or abscisic acid-induced stomatal closure, indicating that sufficient cellulose and xyloglucan are required for normal guard cell dynamics. Together, these results provide new insights into how guard cell wa ...
... length, and cellulose reorganization were aberrant during fusicoccin-induced stomatal opening or abscisic acid-induced stomatal closure, indicating that sufficient cellulose and xyloglucan are required for normal guard cell dynamics. Together, these results provide new insights into how guard cell wa ...
2. introduction
... length in Purkinje fibers is far less (about 0.2mm, 53), probably involving tens to hundreds of cells) because of the 2-dimensional architecture of these cable-like structures, bringing the experimental observation closer to the ...
... length in Purkinje fibers is far less (about 0.2mm, 53), probably involving tens to hundreds of cells) because of the 2-dimensional architecture of these cable-like structures, bringing the experimental observation closer to the ...
Ageing and the aggregating proteoglycans of
... secretion into the extracellular matrix. It is likely that all the above mechanisms are acting during the normal ageing process, though the evidence for multiple genes coding for the aggregating proteoglycans is still indirect. The change in glycosaminoglycan chain length and the position of sulphat ...
... secretion into the extracellular matrix. It is likely that all the above mechanisms are acting during the normal ageing process, though the evidence for multiple genes coding for the aggregating proteoglycans is still indirect. The change in glycosaminoglycan chain length and the position of sulphat ...
Chapter 06 (Urinalyisis
... 2. Red cells may also contaminate the urine from the vagina in menstruating women or from trauma produced by bladder catherization 3. Theoretically, no red cells should be found, but some find their way into the urine even in very healthy individuals ...
... 2. Red cells may also contaminate the urine from the vagina in menstruating women or from trauma produced by bladder catherization 3. Theoretically, no red cells should be found, but some find their way into the urine even in very healthy individuals ...
Document
... Two important effects are: In many tissues - muscle being a prime example - the major transporter used for uptake of glucose (called GLUT4) is made available in the plasma membrane through the action of insulin. In the absense of insulin, GLUT4 glucose transporters are present in cytoplasmic vesicle ...
... Two important effects are: In many tissues - muscle being a prime example - the major transporter used for uptake of glucose (called GLUT4) is made available in the plasma membrane through the action of insulin. In the absense of insulin, GLUT4 glucose transporters are present in cytoplasmic vesicle ...
distribution of microtubules in the golgi apparatus of euglena gracilis
... cannot be seen in most electron-microscopical preparations and cannot be selectively extracted, nor recognized when isolated. Moreover, constituents like intercisternal fibres (Mollenhauer, 1965; Turner & Whaley, 1965) and bonding plaques (Mollenhauer & Morre, 1973), have so far been demonstrated on ...
... cannot be seen in most electron-microscopical preparations and cannot be selectively extracted, nor recognized when isolated. Moreover, constituents like intercisternal fibres (Mollenhauer, 1965; Turner & Whaley, 1965) and bonding plaques (Mollenhauer & Morre, 1973), have so far been demonstrated on ...
The role of the NKG2D receptor for tumor immunity
... the mouse, NKG2D signaling is thought to occur exclusively via DAP-10. However, in contrast to cytokine activated NK cells, a number of studies have demonstrated that NKG2D engagement enhanced rather than induced CD8+ T cell activation [6,11,13,24–28]. In T cells NKG2D thus serves a co-stimulatory r ...
... the mouse, NKG2D signaling is thought to occur exclusively via DAP-10. However, in contrast to cytokine activated NK cells, a number of studies have demonstrated that NKG2D engagement enhanced rather than induced CD8+ T cell activation [6,11,13,24–28]. In T cells NKG2D thus serves a co-stimulatory r ...
Scarface, a secreted serine proteaselike protein, regulates polarized
... AS cells and the posterior germ band (Schock & Perrimon, 2003). These data suggest that LanA and Wb have a redundant function and that Scarf most probably promotes BM localization of not only LanA but also Wb. Consistent with the proposed redundancy, halving the dose of lanA or wb increased the freq ...
... AS cells and the posterior germ band (Schock & Perrimon, 2003). These data suggest that LanA and Wb have a redundant function and that Scarf most probably promotes BM localization of not only LanA but also Wb. Consistent with the proposed redundancy, halving the dose of lanA or wb increased the freq ...
Studies on the Contribution of c-fos/AP-1 to Arthritic Joint
... and tumor necrosis factor a, which are important in RA and as a major constituent of invasive granulation tissue called pannus, play important roles especially in the perpetuation of arthritis and subsequent joint destruction (1, 4, 5). We have studied the role of c-fos protooncogene in arthritis be ...
... and tumor necrosis factor a, which are important in RA and as a major constituent of invasive granulation tissue called pannus, play important roles especially in the perpetuation of arthritis and subsequent joint destruction (1, 4, 5). We have studied the role of c-fos protooncogene in arthritis be ...
Extracellular Pectinolytic Enzymes of Fungi Elicit
... carota L. cv. Kintoki) were cultured in the synthetic medium of Murashige & Skoog (1962) according to Okamura et ul. (1975). The substance to be tested was added to a 7-d-old culture of carrot cells (late exponential phase). The cells were harvested after 24 h by suction filtration for determination ...
... carota L. cv. Kintoki) were cultured in the synthetic medium of Murashige & Skoog (1962) according to Okamura et ul. (1975). The substance to be tested was added to a 7-d-old culture of carrot cells (late exponential phase). The cells were harvested after 24 h by suction filtration for determination ...
Extracellular ATP signaling in plants
... Animal purinergic receptors are of two types, P2X ion channels and P2Y G-protein-coupled seven-transmembrane receptors [3]. Extensive efforts to identify plant homologs of these animal receptors by sequence and structural comparison algorithms failed to identify canonical P2 receptors [34,35]. Recen ...
... Animal purinergic receptors are of two types, P2X ion channels and P2Y G-protein-coupled seven-transmembrane receptors [3]. Extensive efforts to identify plant homologs of these animal receptors by sequence and structural comparison algorithms failed to identify canonical P2 receptors [34,35]. Recen ...
Tissue engineering
Tissue engineering is the use of a combination of cells, engineering and materials methods, and suitable biochemical and physicochemical factors to improve or replace biological functions. While it was once categorized as a sub-field of biomaterials, having grown in scope and importance it can be considered as a field in its own right.While most definitions of tissue engineering cover a broad range of applications, in practice the term is closely associated with applications that repair or replace portions of or whole tissues (i.e., bone, cartilage, blood vessels, bladder, skin, muscle etc.). Often, the tissues involved require certain mechanical and structural properties for proper functioning. The term has also been applied to efforts to perform specific biochemical functions using cells within an artificially-created support system (e.g. an artificial pancreas, or a bio artificial liver). The term regenerative medicine is often used synonymously with tissue engineering, although those involved in regenerative medicine place more emphasis on the use of stem cells or progenitor cells to produce tissues.