NatioNal GuideliNes for orGaN aNd tissue doNatioN
... as irreversible cessation of all function of the brain. Brain cells are the most sensitive cells of the body to a lack of blood and oxygen supply. When brain tissue is severely damaged from direct trauma, stroke, haemorrhage or lack of oxygen (as occurs with cardiac arrest), it swells inside the rig ...
... as irreversible cessation of all function of the brain. Brain cells are the most sensitive cells of the body to a lack of blood and oxygen supply. When brain tissue is severely damaged from direct trauma, stroke, haemorrhage or lack of oxygen (as occurs with cardiac arrest), it swells inside the rig ...
Positional Information and the Spatial Pattern of Cellular
... corresponds quite well with experimental observations on the early development of sea urchin embryos, and regeneration of hydroids as well as a large variety of other systems. For example, the proportions of the mesenchyme, endoderm and ectoderm of the sea urchin embryo remain constant over about an ...
... corresponds quite well with experimental observations on the early development of sea urchin embryos, and regeneration of hydroids as well as a large variety of other systems. For example, the proportions of the mesenchyme, endoderm and ectoderm of the sea urchin embryo remain constant over about an ...
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... before their fusion with the myotube templates. Another unique feature of these cells is their migration as a ‘swarm’ of closely associated cells, throughout their transit from the wing disc to the muscle templates (Roy and VijayRaghavan, 1998). It should also be noted that wing morphogenesis and ot ...
... before their fusion with the myotube templates. Another unique feature of these cells is their migration as a ‘swarm’ of closely associated cells, throughout their transit from the wing disc to the muscle templates (Roy and VijayRaghavan, 1998). It should also be noted that wing morphogenesis and ot ...
Left–right asymmetry: cilia stir up new surprises in the node
... Cilia are microtubule-based hair-like organelles that project from the surface of most eukaryotic cells. They play critical roles in cellular motility, fluid transport and a variety of signal transduction pathways. While we have a good appreciation of the mechanisms of ciliary biogenesis and the det ...
... Cilia are microtubule-based hair-like organelles that project from the surface of most eukaryotic cells. They play critical roles in cellular motility, fluid transport and a variety of signal transduction pathways. While we have a good appreciation of the mechanisms of ciliary biogenesis and the det ...
Immunoglobulin free light chains in inflammatory diseases
... As described above, the TCF consisted of a mix of several proteins. The presence of immunoglobulin light chains in this fraction was ultimately demonstrated after multiple steps of purification. Light chains are detectable with a size of 22-27 and 44-55 kD indicating that they are not covalently lin ...
... As described above, the TCF consisted of a mix of several proteins. The presence of immunoglobulin light chains in this fraction was ultimately demonstrated after multiple steps of purification. Light chains are detectable with a size of 22-27 and 44-55 kD indicating that they are not covalently lin ...
Mechanisms, Measurement, and Significance of Lung Macrophage
... Interstitial macrophages are in direct contact with the extracellular matrix as well as other cells in pulmonary connective tissue such as fibroblasts. Thus, release of mediators or enzymes by interstitial macrophages can have a profound effect. Pulmonary intravascular macrophages are resident cells ...
... Interstitial macrophages are in direct contact with the extracellular matrix as well as other cells in pulmonary connective tissue such as fibroblasts. Thus, release of mediators or enzymes by interstitial macrophages can have a profound effect. Pulmonary intravascular macrophages are resident cells ...
THE RENAL ELECTROGENIC Na+:HCO3 COTRANSPORTER
... monitor the Vm changes that occur when a CO2/HCO3− solution is applied. In principle, applying CO2/HCO3− should cause an initial hyperpolarization (due to electrogenic Na+/HCO3− influx) that wanes as [HCO3−]i slowly increases, secondary to the influx of CO2. In the new steady state, the predicted Vm ...
... monitor the Vm changes that occur when a CO2/HCO3− solution is applied. In principle, applying CO2/HCO3− should cause an initial hyperpolarization (due to electrogenic Na+/HCO3− influx) that wanes as [HCO3−]i slowly increases, secondary to the influx of CO2. In the new steady state, the predicted Vm ...
Altered Biodistribution of Radiopharmaceuticals
... radiotracer and the natural substance, however, may vary depending on the particular radiotracer. For example, [11C]glucose and [14C]glucose are “true” tracers of glucose because they are chemically identical to natural glucose, whereas [18F]FDG is an analog of glucose that does not behave identical ...
... radiotracer and the natural substance, however, may vary depending on the particular radiotracer. For example, [11C]glucose and [14C]glucose are “true” tracers of glucose because they are chemically identical to natural glucose, whereas [18F]FDG is an analog of glucose that does not behave identical ...
INSULIN RESISTANCE IN H-35 RAT HEPATO~A CELLS IS
... without insulin) is expressed as 100% response, and induction in cultures preincubated at each insulin concentration is expressed as a percentage of that in control cells. The concentration of insulin which caused half-maximal desensitization was approximately 4 ng/ml insulin (670 PM), which is comp ...
... without insulin) is expressed as 100% response, and induction in cultures preincubated at each insulin concentration is expressed as a percentage of that in control cells. The concentration of insulin which caused half-maximal desensitization was approximately 4 ng/ml insulin (670 PM), which is comp ...
Can Carbon Nanotubes Deliver on Their
... Furthermore, Ballerini showed that CNTs could enhance and introduce new functions to neurons.21 Rat hippocampal cells were cultured on a CNT film, and in addition to the increase in postsynaptic current frequency, they investigated the propensities of CNTs to assist in electrically simulating the reg ...
... Furthermore, Ballerini showed that CNTs could enhance and introduce new functions to neurons.21 Rat hippocampal cells were cultured on a CNT film, and in addition to the increase in postsynaptic current frequency, they investigated the propensities of CNTs to assist in electrically simulating the reg ...
Identification of a Novel Gene, CIA6, Required for
... Chlamydomonas reinhardtii possesses a CO2-concentrating mechanism (CCM) that allows the alga to grow at low CO2 concentrations. One common feature seen in photosynthetic organisms possessing a CCM is the tight packaging of Rubisco within the cell. In many eukaryotic algae, Rubisco is localized to th ...
... Chlamydomonas reinhardtii possesses a CO2-concentrating mechanism (CCM) that allows the alga to grow at low CO2 concentrations. One common feature seen in photosynthetic organisms possessing a CCM is the tight packaging of Rubisco within the cell. In many eukaryotic algae, Rubisco is localized to th ...
Interleukin-6 in Sepsis and Capillary Leakage Syndrome - Labor
... Kurosawa and others 2011). Unexpectedly, the blood levels of these key cytokines turned out to be of limited use as clinical markers for at-risk patients. Even more disappointingly, numerous clinical studies failed to demonstrate robust clinical benefits from pharmacologic inhibition of TNF-a and IL ...
... Kurosawa and others 2011). Unexpectedly, the blood levels of these key cytokines turned out to be of limited use as clinical markers for at-risk patients. Even more disappointingly, numerous clinical studies failed to demonstrate robust clinical benefits from pharmacologic inhibition of TNF-a and IL ...
DC-derived exosomes bear molecules involved in
... internalized exosomes to T cells. In vivo, blood-borne exosomes are captured by DC and specialized phagocytes of the spleen and by hepatic Kupffer cells. In the steady-state, uptake of circulating exosomes by splenic DC does not induce DC maturation and does not prevent CD40-induced DC activation in ...
... internalized exosomes to T cells. In vivo, blood-borne exosomes are captured by DC and specialized phagocytes of the spleen and by hepatic Kupffer cells. In the steady-state, uptake of circulating exosomes by splenic DC does not induce DC maturation and does not prevent CD40-induced DC activation in ...
Formation of Persisting Cell Wall Deficient Forms of Mycobacterium
... medium after serial 10-fold dilutions for enumeration of BCG bacilli (CFUs) with typical morphology, and incubated for 45 days at 37°C. 2.5. Statistical analysis The results were expressed as mean values ± SEM. In order to assess the significance of differences within experiments Student’s t-test wa ...
... medium after serial 10-fold dilutions for enumeration of BCG bacilli (CFUs) with typical morphology, and incubated for 45 days at 37°C. 2.5. Statistical analysis The results were expressed as mean values ± SEM. In order to assess the significance of differences within experiments Student’s t-test wa ...
Passive transport disrupts directional path integration
... the presence of the familiar landmark cue. Fourth, proprioceptive information from muscle and bone joints, along with somatic receptors, may also be used for determining how the head and body move through space, although direct evidence for their use in determining and updating directional heading i ...
... the presence of the familiar landmark cue. Fourth, proprioceptive information from muscle and bone joints, along with somatic receptors, may also be used for determining how the head and body move through space, although direct evidence for their use in determining and updating directional heading i ...
Enhancement of Fibronectin Fibrillogenesis and Bone Formation by
... The cell functions, including cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, and differentiation, are regulated by the intimate interaction of extracellular matrix (ECM) and cells. Fibronectin (Fn), a unique dimeric glycoprotein, is one of the major ECM components. It is composed of two similar but nonide ...
... The cell functions, including cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, and differentiation, are regulated by the intimate interaction of extracellular matrix (ECM) and cells. Fibronectin (Fn), a unique dimeric glycoprotein, is one of the major ECM components. It is composed of two similar but nonide ...
Does My Mouth Show My Age?
... way in which the teeth and jaws function. In addition, as the proper amount of height in the lower third of the face is reduced, the facial wrinkling around the mouth increases as the skin sags and loses its resilience with age. With the loss of vertical dimension, older patients can take on a carto ...
... way in which the teeth and jaws function. In addition, as the proper amount of height in the lower third of the face is reduced, the facial wrinkling around the mouth increases as the skin sags and loses its resilience with age. With the loss of vertical dimension, older patients can take on a carto ...
Interaction of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase with the CAT
... with purified eNOS in order to determine whether the eNOS– CAT-1 interaction is direct or indirect and to determine whether or not a single CAT-1 intracellular domain is sufficient to mediate the interaction. eNOS–CAT-1 association has been proposed as an explanation for the ‘arginine paradox’ [5]. ...
... with purified eNOS in order to determine whether the eNOS– CAT-1 interaction is direct or indirect and to determine whether or not a single CAT-1 intracellular domain is sufficient to mediate the interaction. eNOS–CAT-1 association has been proposed as an explanation for the ‘arginine paradox’ [5]. ...
A Trojan Horse in Drug Development: Targeting of Thapsigargins
... Prostate cancer at the T1 or T2 stage is often successfully treated by radical prostatectomy or radiotherapy. In the Scandinavian countries, however, prostate cancer in these stages is not always treated, but the status of the patients is kept under close surveillance (watchful waiting). The rationa ...
... Prostate cancer at the T1 or T2 stage is often successfully treated by radical prostatectomy or radiotherapy. In the Scandinavian countries, however, prostate cancer in these stages is not always treated, but the status of the patients is kept under close surveillance (watchful waiting). The rationa ...
8-FIBWounds-NewBandaging
... Lavage pressure is the goal for successful removal of debris without destroying healthy tissue. Recommended lavage pressure is between 8-12 psi. 18g needle and a 35cc syringe are recommended to achieve ideal pressure. A 3 way stop-cock may also be used Copious lavage may also be achieved with a bulb ...
... Lavage pressure is the goal for successful removal of debris without destroying healthy tissue. Recommended lavage pressure is between 8-12 psi. 18g needle and a 35cc syringe are recommended to achieve ideal pressure. A 3 way stop-cock may also be used Copious lavage may also be achieved with a bulb ...
CHAPTER 5. Etiology and Contributing Factors
... When the oral hygiene was resumed and healthy gingival conditions re-established, the gingival flora returned to one of predominantly Gram-positive cocci and short rods. No vibrios or spirochetes were observed in health. Savitt and Socransky (1984) attempted to differentiate the composition of bacte ...
... When the oral hygiene was resumed and healthy gingival conditions re-established, the gingival flora returned to one of predominantly Gram-positive cocci and short rods. No vibrios or spirochetes were observed in health. Savitt and Socransky (1984) attempted to differentiate the composition of bacte ...
Actin branching in the initiation and maintenance of lamellipodia
... organized in a diagonal array. The thickness of Rac induced lamellipodia was generally less than observed in fibroblasts used in our previous study (Urban et al, 2010) and resulted in a corresponding improvement in resolution. Actin filaments were tracked through the tomograms using both manual and ...
... organized in a diagonal array. The thickness of Rac induced lamellipodia was generally less than observed in fibroblasts used in our previous study (Urban et al, 2010) and resulted in a corresponding improvement in resolution. Actin filaments were tracked through the tomograms using both manual and ...
The basic helix–loop–helix protein BETA2 interacts with p300 to
... very low levels alone or with coexpressed E47, a ubiquitous bHLH protein (Fig. 2A, columns 1,3). Cotransfecting increasing amounts of a p300 expression plasmid further potentiated BETA2-dependent transcription to >100-fold greater than the reporter alone. The failure of p300 to transactivate the rep ...
... very low levels alone or with coexpressed E47, a ubiquitous bHLH protein (Fig. 2A, columns 1,3). Cotransfecting increasing amounts of a p300 expression plasmid further potentiated BETA2-dependent transcription to >100-fold greater than the reporter alone. The failure of p300 to transactivate the rep ...
Multicellular trichomes in Arabidopsis - Development
... and co-workers (Hemerly et al., 1995) introduced a dominantnegative mutant of a mitotic cyclin-dependent kinase gene into transgenic tobacco plants, which resulted in plants with essentially normal morphology, but fewer and larger cells. In another study, overexpression of a mitotic B-cyclin in Arab ...
... and co-workers (Hemerly et al., 1995) introduced a dominantnegative mutant of a mitotic cyclin-dependent kinase gene into transgenic tobacco plants, which resulted in plants with essentially normal morphology, but fewer and larger cells. In another study, overexpression of a mitotic B-cyclin in Arab ...
Cell regulation by the Apc protein Apc as master regulator of epithelia
... The first recognised function of Apc was its role in Wnt signalling [4,5]. This function is one of the driving forces for how mutations in Apc ensure that cells remain proliferative. Many of the molecular details of this pathway have been described extensively in many reviews [6]. Apc negatively ...
... The first recognised function of Apc was its role in Wnt signalling [4,5]. This function is one of the driving forces for how mutations in Apc ensure that cells remain proliferative. Many of the molecular details of this pathway have been described extensively in many reviews [6]. Apc negatively ...
Tissue engineering
Tissue engineering is the use of a combination of cells, engineering and materials methods, and suitable biochemical and physicochemical factors to improve or replace biological functions. While it was once categorized as a sub-field of biomaterials, having grown in scope and importance it can be considered as a field in its own right.While most definitions of tissue engineering cover a broad range of applications, in practice the term is closely associated with applications that repair or replace portions of or whole tissues (i.e., bone, cartilage, blood vessels, bladder, skin, muscle etc.). Often, the tissues involved require certain mechanical and structural properties for proper functioning. The term has also been applied to efforts to perform specific biochemical functions using cells within an artificially-created support system (e.g. an artificial pancreas, or a bio artificial liver). The term regenerative medicine is often used synonymously with tissue engineering, although those involved in regenerative medicine place more emphasis on the use of stem cells or progenitor cells to produce tissues.