Ultrastructure of the Epidermal Cell Wall and Cuticle of Tomato Fruit
... local increases of cuticle material since cuticle thickness was not altered in these areas. At anthesis, ...
... local increases of cuticle material since cuticle thickness was not altered in these areas. At anthesis, ...
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... Fig. 2. Signaling dynamics and growth. (A-F) Wild type, from a dataset with n=152; (A) Close-up of P-Mad, Hairy and PH3 stainings; dashed line: anterior edge of the furrow (x=0); (B) Quantification of P-Mad profile shapes at different developmental times (in different colors); black line: fit to mea ...
... Fig. 2. Signaling dynamics and growth. (A-F) Wild type, from a dataset with n=152; (A) Close-up of P-Mad, Hairy and PH3 stainings; dashed line: anterior edge of the furrow (x=0); (B) Quantification of P-Mad profile shapes at different developmental times (in different colors); black line: fit to mea ...
Thesis-1972D-H792p
... It should be pointed out that compounds such as penicillin, vancomycin, or D-amino acids which inhibit division activity and cell wall synthesis do not impair DNA synthesis (Grula et al., 1968), Other investigators, (Weidel, Frank, and Martin, 1964) have equated inhibition of cell division, in the p ...
... It should be pointed out that compounds such as penicillin, vancomycin, or D-amino acids which inhibit division activity and cell wall synthesis do not impair DNA synthesis (Grula et al., 1968), Other investigators, (Weidel, Frank, and Martin, 1964) have equated inhibition of cell division, in the p ...
Role of CD26-adenosine deaminase interaction in T cell
... expression is induced by stimuli that favour the development of Th1 responses (8). The correlation between the CD26 expression and Th1-like immune responses has been suggested to be due to an IL-12-dependent up-regulation(9). In this regard, it is hypothesized that CD26 expression on T cell is ...
... expression is induced by stimuli that favour the development of Th1 responses (8). The correlation between the CD26 expression and Th1-like immune responses has been suggested to be due to an IL-12-dependent up-regulation(9). In this regard, it is hypothesized that CD26 expression on T cell is ...
Plant Wnt: deciphering a novel signalling pathway
... In case of Wnt/calcium pathway, Wnt binds to Fz and recruits Dsh, which in turn activates calcium-binding proteins, including protein kinase C (PKC) and calmodulindependent kinase II (CamKII). This results in the release of calcium from the endoplasmic reticulum followed by activation of transcripti ...
... In case of Wnt/calcium pathway, Wnt binds to Fz and recruits Dsh, which in turn activates calcium-binding proteins, including protein kinase C (PKC) and calmodulindependent kinase II (CamKII). This results in the release of calcium from the endoplasmic reticulum followed by activation of transcripti ...
Enhancement of Murine Lymphokine-activated Killer Cell Activity by
... human disease, JC is a more suitable model for experimental immunotherapy than other chemically or virally induced mam mary tumor models. Using JC as the target, we have demon strated that retinoic acid was capable of exerting a positive effect in both a dose- and time-dependent manner on the genera ...
... human disease, JC is a more suitable model for experimental immunotherapy than other chemically or virally induced mam mary tumor models. Using JC as the target, we have demon strated that retinoic acid was capable of exerting a positive effect in both a dose- and time-dependent manner on the genera ...
The PDZ-GEF Dizzy regulates cell shape of migrating macrophages
... after germ band retraction (Fig. 2I,K). This indicates that these macrophages did not properly adhere to the posterior end of the germ band and failed to enter the posterior germ band before and during its retraction. Later, during the phase of ‘central spreading’ at stage 14, macrophages in wild-ty ...
... after germ band retraction (Fig. 2I,K). This indicates that these macrophages did not properly adhere to the posterior end of the germ band and failed to enter the posterior germ band before and during its retraction. Later, during the phase of ‘central spreading’ at stage 14, macrophages in wild-ty ...
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... data obtained from chick suggests that sequential BMP-FGF signaling is sufficient to establish thymus fate (Neves et al., 2012). By contrast, SHH signaling promotes parathyroid fate and is a negative regulator of thymus fate. In its absence, embryos lack Gcm2, downregulate Tbx1 and expand Bmp4 and F ...
... data obtained from chick suggests that sequential BMP-FGF signaling is sufficient to establish thymus fate (Neves et al., 2012). By contrast, SHH signaling promotes parathyroid fate and is a negative regulator of thymus fate. In its absence, embryos lack Gcm2, downregulate Tbx1 and expand Bmp4 and F ...
Low and High Nucleic Acid Content Bacteria: Reality or
... able to bind the stains. Inactive cells can be assumed to have less DNA than growing cells due to their non replicative state or can lose extra DNA such as plasmid or copies of same gene. Lebaron and co-workers (2001) supported the finding of Gasol and co-workers (1995). However they renamed these t ...
... able to bind the stains. Inactive cells can be assumed to have less DNA than growing cells due to their non replicative state or can lose extra DNA such as plasmid or copies of same gene. Lebaron and co-workers (2001) supported the finding of Gasol and co-workers (1995). However they renamed these t ...
Chara Myosin and the Energy of Cytoplasmic Streaming
... An intriguing question is why there are so many myosin molecules in the Chara cell as shown in this study. One reason for this might be the instability of Chara myosin. Chara myosin can move very fast but is, at the same time, very unstable. We have observed that Chara myosin loses its activity very ...
... An intriguing question is why there are so many myosin molecules in the Chara cell as shown in this study. One reason for this might be the instability of Chara myosin. Chara myosin can move very fast but is, at the same time, very unstable. We have observed that Chara myosin loses its activity very ...
The Role of PME-1 in Cancer: Therapeutic Implications
... maintain a state of homeostasis necessary for normal cell function (Brautigan, 2013; Shi, 2009). However, in cancerous cells this homeostasis is disrupted by various molecular changes leading to an increased flux through the pro-survival signaling pathways, which promote malignant growth (Hanahan & ...
... maintain a state of homeostasis necessary for normal cell function (Brautigan, 2013; Shi, 2009). However, in cancerous cells this homeostasis is disrupted by various molecular changes leading to an increased flux through the pro-survival signaling pathways, which promote malignant growth (Hanahan & ...
Protists Cells: Grow and Develop:
... their food. Other Protists are Photoautotrophs that make their own food from the sunlight. Algea is a great example of a photautotroph. Unlike the bacteria kingdoms scientists do not know of any Protists that are Chemoautotrophs. The photoautotrophs are very similar to plants. They have chloroplasts ...
... their food. Other Protists are Photoautotrophs that make their own food from the sunlight. Algea is a great example of a photautotroph. Unlike the bacteria kingdoms scientists do not know of any Protists that are Chemoautotrophs. The photoautotrophs are very similar to plants. They have chloroplasts ...
Memory device that programs more than two states into memory cell
... distribution circuit 104 via Write pulse path 110. Distribution circuit 104 is electrically coupled to each of the memory cells 106a-106d via cell paths 112a-112d. Distribution cir cuit 104 is electrically coupled to memory cell 106a via cell path 112a. Distribution circuit 104 is electrically coupl ...
... distribution circuit 104 via Write pulse path 110. Distribution circuit 104 is electrically coupled to each of the memory cells 106a-106d via cell paths 112a-112d. Distribution cir cuit 104 is electrically coupled to memory cell 106a via cell path 112a. Distribution circuit 104 is electrically coupl ...
Building and Breaking Bridges between Sister Chromatids
... kinetochores. It is nevertheless clear that sister chromatid cohesion must have a key role in generating the tension needed to stabilize ...
... kinetochores. It is nevertheless clear that sister chromatid cohesion must have a key role in generating the tension needed to stabilize ...
WOX11 and 12 Are Involved in the First-Step Cell
... (B) WOX11 expression was upregulated in the 20-DAC leaf explants cultured on CIM compared with that in the time-0 explants. The data in (A) and (B) were generated from previous ChIP-chip and microarray analyses, respectively (He et al., 2012). (C) qRT-PCR analysis of WOX11 expression in the 1-DAC le ...
... (B) WOX11 expression was upregulated in the 20-DAC leaf explants cultured on CIM compared with that in the time-0 explants. The data in (A) and (B) were generated from previous ChIP-chip and microarray analyses, respectively (He et al., 2012). (C) qRT-PCR analysis of WOX11 expression in the 1-DAC le ...
Electron Microscopy of Intermediate Filaments: Teaming up with
... dense nodes of diameter 8 nm, giving the filaments a ‘faintly beaded appearance.’ Considering the later characterization and designation of these wavy filament arrays in mouse 3T3 fibroblasts as vimentin, referring to the latin vimentum for wickerwork or brushwood (Franke et al., 1978), it is quite ...
... dense nodes of diameter 8 nm, giving the filaments a ‘faintly beaded appearance.’ Considering the later characterization and designation of these wavy filament arrays in mouse 3T3 fibroblasts as vimentin, referring to the latin vimentum for wickerwork or brushwood (Franke et al., 1978), it is quite ...
The Stem Cell Factor Receptor/c-Kit as a Drug Target in
... Src family kinases (SFK) are cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases involved in plethora of biological functions including proliferation, chemotaxis and survival [41]. It is well established that c-Kit activates SFKs but the function in terms of signal transduction is less clear [42, 43]. On the cell biologic ...
... Src family kinases (SFK) are cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases involved in plethora of biological functions including proliferation, chemotaxis and survival [41]. It is well established that c-Kit activates SFKs but the function in terms of signal transduction is less clear [42, 43]. On the cell biologic ...
CONDENSIN AND COHESIN: MORE THAN CHROMOSOME
... sister chromatids, which is laid down at DNA replication so that sister chromatids are handled as a pair and subsequently segregated away from each other (BOXES 2,3). Mutations in cohesin subunits cause precocious sister-chromatid separation7–10, and mutations that prevent cohesin from being removed ...
... sister chromatids, which is laid down at DNA replication so that sister chromatids are handled as a pair and subsequently segregated away from each other (BOXES 2,3). Mutations in cohesin subunits cause precocious sister-chromatid separation7–10, and mutations that prevent cohesin from being removed ...
Drosophila Xpd Regulates Cdk7 Localization, Mitotic Kinase
... seems to be stable and not regulated by T-loop and N-terminal phosphorylation. Localized Cdk1/CycB activity is, however, reduced during anaphase, presumably by local degradation of CycB [17]. During cycle 8–13, overall Cdk1 activity starts to fluctuate as gradually more maternal CycB is being degrad ...
... seems to be stable and not regulated by T-loop and N-terminal phosphorylation. Localized Cdk1/CycB activity is, however, reduced during anaphase, presumably by local degradation of CycB [17]. During cycle 8–13, overall Cdk1 activity starts to fluctuate as gradually more maternal CycB is being degrad ...
The PadR-like transcriptional regulator LftR ensures efficient
... Published: 28 July 2015 Citation: Kaval KG, Hahn B, Tusamda N, Albrecht D and Halbedel S (2015) The PadR-like transcriptional regulator LftR ensures efficient invasion of Listeria monocytogenes into human host cells. Front. Microbiol. 6:772. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00772 ...
... Published: 28 July 2015 Citation: Kaval KG, Hahn B, Tusamda N, Albrecht D and Halbedel S (2015) The PadR-like transcriptional regulator LftR ensures efficient invasion of Listeria monocytogenes into human host cells. Front. Microbiol. 6:772. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00772 ...
Reduce Formation of SLP-76 Linker of Activated T Cells and SLP
... calcium flux, which are coordinated to trigger transcriptional profiles, including induced expression of the T cell survival cytokine IL-2 (2). Early TCR signaling events are commonly studied in the context of the IS. However, at these cell contacts, signaling events can only be analyzed with limite ...
... calcium flux, which are coordinated to trigger transcriptional profiles, including induced expression of the T cell survival cytokine IL-2 (2). Early TCR signaling events are commonly studied in the context of the IS. However, at these cell contacts, signaling events can only be analyzed with limite ...
Vocab smack-down
... RULES of the GAME: • You must keep your voice at a whisper • LISTEN/READ the correct answer on the board for EVERY question… • This game is to help you prepare for the test! • If you cannot keep yourselves under control, you will have an alternative assignment: • Write definitions/characteristics of ...
... RULES of the GAME: • You must keep your voice at a whisper • LISTEN/READ the correct answer on the board for EVERY question… • This game is to help you prepare for the test! • If you cannot keep yourselves under control, you will have an alternative assignment: • Write definitions/characteristics of ...
Cell cycle
The cell cycle or cell-division cycle is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication (replication) that produces two daughter cells. In prokaryotes which lack a cell nucleus, the cell cycle occurs via a process termed binary fission. In cells with a nucleus, as in eukaryotes, the cell cycle can be divided into three periods: interphase, the mitotic (M) phase, and cytokinesis. During interphase, the cell grows, accumulating nutrients needed for mitosis, preparing it for cell division and duplicating its DNA. During the mitotic phase, the cell splits itself into two distinct daughter cells. During the final stage, cytokinesis, the new cell is completely divided. To ensure the proper division of the cell, there are control mechanisms known as cell cycle checkpoints.The cell-division cycle is a vital process by which a single-celled fertilized egg develops into a mature organism, as well as the process by which hair, skin, blood cells, and some internal organs are renewed. After cell division, each of the daughter cells begin the interphase of a new cycle. Although the various stages of interphase are not usually morphologically distinguishable, each phase of the cell cycle has a distinct set of specialized biochemical processes that prepare the cell for initiation of cell division.