Escherichia coli DNA ligase B may mitigate damage from
... caused a dramatic extension of lag phase that eventually resumed normal growth. The ligase function of ligase B was not required to mediate the extended lag phase, as overexpression of a ligase-deficient ligB mutant also blocked growth. Overexpression of ligB during logarithmic growth caused an imme ...
... caused a dramatic extension of lag phase that eventually resumed normal growth. The ligase function of ligase B was not required to mediate the extended lag phase, as overexpression of a ligase-deficient ligB mutant also blocked growth. Overexpression of ligB during logarithmic growth caused an imme ...
- Nottingham ePrints
... between the epiblast and the trophectoderm (TE) during pig embryo elongation. FGF4 ligand and FGFR2 were detected primarily on the plasma membrane of TE cells of peri-elongation embryos. The binding of this growth factor to its receptor triggered a signal transduction response evidenced by an increa ...
... between the epiblast and the trophectoderm (TE) during pig embryo elongation. FGF4 ligand and FGFR2 were detected primarily on the plasma membrane of TE cells of peri-elongation embryos. The binding of this growth factor to its receptor triggered a signal transduction response evidenced by an increa ...
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... mutants demonstrate that at least some aspects of the epiboly of the deep cells are under a separate genetic control from that of the yolk cell and EVL. Midway through epiboly, deep cells at the margin of the blastoderm commence involution, separating the blastoderm into two layers: an outer epiblas ...
... mutants demonstrate that at least some aspects of the epiboly of the deep cells are under a separate genetic control from that of the yolk cell and EVL. Midway through epiboly, deep cells at the margin of the blastoderm commence involution, separating the blastoderm into two layers: an outer epiblas ...
Hyphal homing, fusion and mycelial interconnectedness
... placental development [3– 5]. Although molecular mechanisms of non-self fusion (e.g. between Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells of opposite mating types) have been well characterized, molecular mechanisms associated with fusion between somatic cells in eukaryotes are not as well analyzed. Understanding ...
... placental development [3– 5]. Although molecular mechanisms of non-self fusion (e.g. between Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells of opposite mating types) have been well characterized, molecular mechanisms associated with fusion between somatic cells in eukaryotes are not as well analyzed. Understanding ...
A Cellular Hypothesis for the Induction of Blossom
... distal portion of tomato fruits. The visible symptom is a necrotic lesion, which is presumed to be a consequence of cell death and the subsequent leakage of solutes into the extracellular space. Environmental factors that affect either fruit cell expansion or Ca delivery to the distal portion of the ...
... distal portion of tomato fruits. The visible symptom is a necrotic lesion, which is presumed to be a consequence of cell death and the subsequent leakage of solutes into the extracellular space. Environmental factors that affect either fruit cell expansion or Ca delivery to the distal portion of the ...
The maize mutant narrow sheath fails to establish
... curvature (Fig. 2H,I) and shortened internodes (Fig. 2F,H,I). In the curved, mutant stems, the side of the internode corresponding to the margin of the leaf it subtends is shorter than the opposite side of the internode, which corresponds to the leaf midrib. This nonuniform internode growth pattern ...
... curvature (Fig. 2H,I) and shortened internodes (Fig. 2F,H,I). In the curved, mutant stems, the side of the internode corresponding to the margin of the leaf it subtends is shorter than the opposite side of the internode, which corresponds to the leaf midrib. This nonuniform internode growth pattern ...
NF-kB as a primary regulator of the stress response
... 181, and that IKK1 does not undergo induced phosphorylation at the corresponding sites nor is it required for IKK activity. Because NIK and MEKK-1 are activated by discrete stimuli, these studies provide further evidence supporting the IKK complex as being a central juncture of the NF-kB activation ...
... 181, and that IKK1 does not undergo induced phosphorylation at the corresponding sites nor is it required for IKK activity. Because NIK and MEKK-1 are activated by discrete stimuli, these studies provide further evidence supporting the IKK complex as being a central juncture of the NF-kB activation ...
Coupling transcription, splicing and mRNA export
... transcription machinery. Performing a synthetic lethal screen with Yra1 (yeast Aly), they identified the Sac3 gene. The Sac3 protein was also identified by mass spectrometry by virtue of its association with Sub2 (yeast UAP56) in a pull-down assay from yeast lysates [15]. Sac3 was also shown to in ...
... transcription machinery. Performing a synthetic lethal screen with Yra1 (yeast Aly), they identified the Sac3 gene. The Sac3 protein was also identified by mass spectrometry by virtue of its association with Sub2 (yeast UAP56) in a pull-down assay from yeast lysates [15]. Sac3 was also shown to in ...
alters cell wall construction
... Cadmium (Cd), one of the most toxic heavy metals, inhibits many cellular and physiological processes in plants. Here, the involvement of cytoplasmic Ca2+ gradient and actin filaments (AFs) in vesicular trafficking, cell wall deposition and tip growth was investigated during root (hair) development of ...
... Cadmium (Cd), one of the most toxic heavy metals, inhibits many cellular and physiological processes in plants. Here, the involvement of cytoplasmic Ca2+ gradient and actin filaments (AFs) in vesicular trafficking, cell wall deposition and tip growth was investigated during root (hair) development of ...
Cell Alloimmunization Hemin Controls T Cell Polarization in Sickle
... Patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) often require transfusions to treat and prevent worsening anemia and other SCD complications. However, transfusions can trigger alloimmunization against transfused RBCs with serious clinical sequelae. Risk factors for alloimmunization in SCD remain poorly unde ...
... Patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) often require transfusions to treat and prevent worsening anemia and other SCD complications. However, transfusions can trigger alloimmunization against transfused RBCs with serious clinical sequelae. Risk factors for alloimmunization in SCD remain poorly unde ...
Control of Male Gametophyte Development
... Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantcell.org/cgi/doi/10.1105/tpc.016659. ...
... Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantcell.org/cgi/doi/10.1105/tpc.016659. ...
Functional ultrastructure of the plant nucleolus
... eukaryotic cells. They not only specialize in the production of ribosomal subunits but also play roles in many fundamental cellular activities. Concerning ribosome biosynthesis, particular stages of this process, i.e., ribosomal DNA transcription, primary RNA transcript processing, and ribosome asse ...
... eukaryotic cells. They not only specialize in the production of ribosomal subunits but also play roles in many fundamental cellular activities. Concerning ribosome biosynthesis, particular stages of this process, i.e., ribosomal DNA transcription, primary RNA transcript processing, and ribosome asse ...
ARVO 2015 Annual Meeting Abstracts 164 Cornea endothelium
... laminins, HCEC subpopulations were most strongly bound to laminin-511 and weakly bound to Perlecan, Agrin, and TSP-1. Interestingly, the binding properties to laminins were different among these subpopulations. Although the level of attached cells to the laminin-411 coated plate was the same among t ...
... laminins, HCEC subpopulations were most strongly bound to laminin-511 and weakly bound to Perlecan, Agrin, and TSP-1. Interestingly, the binding properties to laminins were different among these subpopulations. Although the level of attached cells to the laminin-411 coated plate was the same among t ...
Mesoderm commitment to hematopoiesis - Development
... hematopoietic lineages are of mesodermal origin, we reasoned that mesoderm formation and the events leading to the development of the BL-CFC must be occurring in the differentiating EBs prior to this time. As an initial step in the characterization of molecular events associated with development of ...
... hematopoietic lineages are of mesodermal origin, we reasoned that mesoderm formation and the events leading to the development of the BL-CFC must be occurring in the differentiating EBs prior to this time. As an initial step in the characterization of molecular events associated with development of ...
The tumor suppressor Scrib interacts with the zyxin
... At the heart of structural and functional integrity of multicellular entities is the ability of each and every cell of it to successfully integrate signals arising from soluble factors, cell-substratum adhesion and cell-cell adhesion [1]. Correct processing of these signals allows appropriate cellul ...
... At the heart of structural and functional integrity of multicellular entities is the ability of each and every cell of it to successfully integrate signals arising from soluble factors, cell-substratum adhesion and cell-cell adhesion [1]. Correct processing of these signals allows appropriate cellul ...
Caspases - Essays in Biochemistry
... pro-caspases to be activated by oligomerization. Active initiator caspases transmit the proteolytic signal by directly processing executioner, short-prodomain-containing pro-caspases. This first cleavage by pre-existing active caspases is followed by autoproteolysis mediated by the low level of endo ...
... pro-caspases to be activated by oligomerization. Active initiator caspases transmit the proteolytic signal by directly processing executioner, short-prodomain-containing pro-caspases. This first cleavage by pre-existing active caspases is followed by autoproteolysis mediated by the low level of endo ...
Characterization of the ftsYEX operon of Escherichia coli
... the unicellular organism. Composed of phospholipids, these bilayers are boundaries between "in" and "out", presenting a selective barrier to the potential harm of an external environment while remaining permeable to the elements essential for life also present in that environment. New membranes must ...
... the unicellular organism. Composed of phospholipids, these bilayers are boundaries between "in" and "out", presenting a selective barrier to the potential harm of an external environment while remaining permeable to the elements essential for life also present in that environment. New membranes must ...
COMPLEMENTATION AND PRELIMINARY
... zygote wall and for zygote morphology. Additional details of the screening procedure can be found in the text or in VANWINKLE-SWIFT and BAUER 1982. Maturation mutants (zym) were assigned sequential identification numbers indicating their order of isolation. Because of possible complications in the i ...
... zygote wall and for zygote morphology. Additional details of the screening procedure can be found in the text or in VANWINKLE-SWIFT and BAUER 1982. Maturation mutants (zym) were assigned sequential identification numbers indicating their order of isolation. Because of possible complications in the i ...
Anti-bacteria and In Vivo Tumor Treatment by Reactive Oxygen
... was added into the medium for killing E. coli. The solution was centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 5 min after 1 h treatments, the supernatant was removed and E. coli was dispersed into the solution of PI (10 g/mL) for 10 min. And then fluorescence microscope was employed to investigate the membranous per ...
... was added into the medium for killing E. coli. The solution was centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 5 min after 1 h treatments, the supernatant was removed and E. coli was dispersed into the solution of PI (10 g/mL) for 10 min. And then fluorescence microscope was employed to investigate the membranous per ...
Biological Properties of Tinospora crispa (Akar Patawali) and Its
... Tinospora crispa stem was investigated. The proximate composition of its stem and leaves was determined. Proximate analysis revealed that T. crispa contains protein: leaves = 4.7%, stem = 1.2%; fat: leaves = 1.5%, stem = 0.43%; carbohydrate: leaves = 11.8%, stem = 19.4%; ash: leaves = 2.7%, stem = 1 ...
... Tinospora crispa stem was investigated. The proximate composition of its stem and leaves was determined. Proximate analysis revealed that T. crispa contains protein: leaves = 4.7%, stem = 1.2%; fat: leaves = 1.5%, stem = 0.43%; carbohydrate: leaves = 11.8%, stem = 19.4%; ash: leaves = 2.7%, stem = 1 ...
CFTR modulates lung secretory cell proliferation and - AJP-Lung
... suggested that its main function was that of a cAMPregulated chloride channel. Since this discovery, the protein has been shown to have diverse regulatory abilities, yet CF disease pathology is still defined in terms of a lack of a chloride channel. CFTR regulates other secretory channels (12), medi ...
... suggested that its main function was that of a cAMPregulated chloride channel. Since this discovery, the protein has been shown to have diverse regulatory abilities, yet CF disease pathology is still defined in terms of a lack of a chloride channel. CFTR regulates other secretory channels (12), medi ...
Distinct Protease Requirements for Antigen Presentation In Vitro and
... after Asn94 (16, 17). Thus, like cathepsin D, AEP may mediate destructive as well as productive processing events. The relationship between AEP and the TTCF Ag is one of the clearest examples of an apparent nonredundant role for a specific protease in Ag processing and presentation in vitro. However ...
... after Asn94 (16, 17). Thus, like cathepsin D, AEP may mediate destructive as well as productive processing events. The relationship between AEP and the TTCF Ag is one of the clearest examples of an apparent nonredundant role for a specific protease in Ag processing and presentation in vitro. However ...
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... a functional ceramide:galactosyltransferase (27, 58), the enzyme that synthesizes GalCer, which is the precursor of only a few other lipids like sulfatide (HSO3 -3 GalCer). These mice live, but male mice were unable to breed, which reflects a function of galactolipids in spermatogenesis (95). In add ...
... a functional ceramide:galactosyltransferase (27, 58), the enzyme that synthesizes GalCer, which is the precursor of only a few other lipids like sulfatide (HSO3 -3 GalCer). These mice live, but male mice were unable to breed, which reflects a function of galactolipids in spermatogenesis (95). In add ...
Cell cycle
The cell cycle or cell-division cycle is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication (replication) that produces two daughter cells. In prokaryotes which lack a cell nucleus, the cell cycle occurs via a process termed binary fission. In cells with a nucleus, as in eukaryotes, the cell cycle can be divided into three periods: interphase, the mitotic (M) phase, and cytokinesis. During interphase, the cell grows, accumulating nutrients needed for mitosis, preparing it for cell division and duplicating its DNA. During the mitotic phase, the cell splits itself into two distinct daughter cells. During the final stage, cytokinesis, the new cell is completely divided. To ensure the proper division of the cell, there are control mechanisms known as cell cycle checkpoints.The cell-division cycle is a vital process by which a single-celled fertilized egg develops into a mature organism, as well as the process by which hair, skin, blood cells, and some internal organs are renewed. After cell division, each of the daughter cells begin the interphase of a new cycle. Although the various stages of interphase are not usually morphologically distinguishable, each phase of the cell cycle has a distinct set of specialized biochemical processes that prepare the cell for initiation of cell division.