The Lyn kinase C-lobe mediates Golgi export of Lyn through
... Fig. 1. Association of Lyn with ACSL3. (A)Schematic representations of Lyn constructs, including wild-type Lyn (Lyn-wt). The Src homology (SH) domains, the N- and C-terminal lobes (N- and C-lobes) of the kinase domain, the alanine mutations of Asp346, Glu353, Asp498 and Asp499 (A in red) in the C-l ...
... Fig. 1. Association of Lyn with ACSL3. (A)Schematic representations of Lyn constructs, including wild-type Lyn (Lyn-wt). The Src homology (SH) domains, the N- and C-terminal lobes (N- and C-lobes) of the kinase domain, the alanine mutations of Asp346, Glu353, Asp498 and Asp499 (A in red) in the C-l ...
Contribution of microtubule growth polarity and flux to spindle
... or perpendicular to the spindle axis (xt-plot, Fig. 3A), from the time-lapse measurements (xyt). Visual inspection of movies and these constructed kymographs revealed that metaphase plant chromosomes (seen as a negative stain) maintained their positions without appreciable movements in x or y direct ...
... or perpendicular to the spindle axis (xt-plot, Fig. 3A), from the time-lapse measurements (xyt). Visual inspection of movies and these constructed kymographs revealed that metaphase plant chromosomes (seen as a negative stain) maintained their positions without appreciable movements in x or y direct ...
Nuclear-fallout, a Drosophila protein that cycles from the cytoplasm
... associated plasma membrane invaginate to form furrows between the nuclei. At metaphase, these furrows encompass each newly formed spindle in a half-shell. These structures, termed metaphase furrows, prevent inappropriate interactions between neighboring spindles (Sullivan and Theurkauf, 1995). daugh ...
... associated plasma membrane invaginate to form furrows between the nuclei. At metaphase, these furrows encompass each newly formed spindle in a half-shell. These structures, termed metaphase furrows, prevent inappropriate interactions between neighboring spindles (Sullivan and Theurkauf, 1995). daugh ...
VASCULAR TISSUE DIFFERENTIATION AND
... procambial cells and promote their division, which continuously provides precursor cells for differentiation of xylem and phloem. It has long been proposed that auxin, which is polarly transported from shoot apical meristem and young leaves, induces formation of procambial cells. Early physiological ...
... procambial cells and promote their division, which continuously provides precursor cells for differentiation of xylem and phloem. It has long been proposed that auxin, which is polarly transported from shoot apical meristem and young leaves, induces formation of procambial cells. Early physiological ...
CDK5 is a major regulator of the tumor suppressor DLC1
... Figure 2. Mapping the DLC1 region required for CDK5 binding; four serines in DLC1 are CDK5 substrates. (A) Schematic representation of full-length WT DLC1 with the location of four serines phosphorylated by CDK5 (DLC1-WT), various DLC1 fragments, and DLC1-4A mutant with the four CDK5 serines mutate ...
... Figure 2. Mapping the DLC1 region required for CDK5 binding; four serines in DLC1 are CDK5 substrates. (A) Schematic representation of full-length WT DLC1 with the location of four serines phosphorylated by CDK5 (DLC1-WT), various DLC1 fragments, and DLC1-4A mutant with the four CDK5 serines mutate ...
Specialization of Oleosins in Oil Body Dynamics
... content of each oleosin was determined quantitatively during seed development and expressed as a percentage of its mature seed content (Fig. 1B). In a manner compatible with the accumulation of their respective transcripts, OLE5 was the first protein detected, followed by OLE1, OLE2, and OLE4, and th ...
... content of each oleosin was determined quantitatively during seed development and expressed as a percentage of its mature seed content (Fig. 1B). In a manner compatible with the accumulation of their respective transcripts, OLE5 was the first protein detected, followed by OLE1, OLE2, and OLE4, and th ...
Multiple Wnts and Frizzled Receptors Regulate Anteriorly Directed
... these, EGL-20, functions as a repellent. We show that the MIG-1 Frizzled receptor acts in the neurons and growth cones to promote their migrations and provide genetic evidence that the Frizzleds MIG-1 and MOM-5 mediate the repulsive effects of EGL-20. While these receptors mediate the effects of EGL ...
... these, EGL-20, functions as a repellent. We show that the MIG-1 Frizzled receptor acts in the neurons and growth cones to promote their migrations and provide genetic evidence that the Frizzleds MIG-1 and MOM-5 mediate the repulsive effects of EGL-20. While these receptors mediate the effects of EGL ...
Arterial–Venous Specification During Development
... In a landmark study on the molecular basis of arterial– venous cell fate, ephrinB2 and EphB4 tau-lacZ “knockins” were used to show that the 2 genes are differentially expressed in the arterial and venous endothelium of the mouse embryo before the initiation of circulation.12,13 This provided the fir ...
... In a landmark study on the molecular basis of arterial– venous cell fate, ephrinB2 and EphB4 tau-lacZ “knockins” were used to show that the 2 genes are differentially expressed in the arterial and venous endothelium of the mouse embryo before the initiation of circulation.12,13 This provided the fir ...
Lysosomes in iron metabolism, ageing and apoptosis
... pathogens have evolved mechanisms to prevent their destruction. Mutated lysosomal enzymes are the underlying cause of a number of lysosomal storage diseases involving the accumulation of materials that would be the substrate for the corresponding hydrolases, were they not defective. The normal, low- ...
... pathogens have evolved mechanisms to prevent their destruction. Mutated lysosomal enzymes are the underlying cause of a number of lysosomal storage diseases involving the accumulation of materials that would be the substrate for the corresponding hydrolases, were they not defective. The normal, low- ...
PDF
... zone, it folds around the blastopore (Fig. 1C,C′). Similarly, an isolated upper part comprising marginal zone and BCR (a lip-BCR explant) folds back on itself with mesoderm and BCR spreading onto each other (Fig. 1D,D′), reproducing involution in vitro. To relate involution to mesoderm regions, expr ...
... zone, it folds around the blastopore (Fig. 1C,C′). Similarly, an isolated upper part comprising marginal zone and BCR (a lip-BCR explant) folds back on itself with mesoderm and BCR spreading onto each other (Fig. 1D,D′), reproducing involution in vitro. To relate involution to mesoderm regions, expr ...
ACTIN2 Is Essential for Bulge Site Selection and Tip Growth during
... end, the stronger der1-2 allele was used for mapping. As the mutation is in the C24 background and C24 shows DNA polymorphisms with Columbia and Landsberg erecta at a similar frequency, two mapping populations were established. For the initial mapping, genomic DNA of 50 mutant F2 plants of both popu ...
... end, the stronger der1-2 allele was used for mapping. As the mutation is in the C24 background and C24 shows DNA polymorphisms with Columbia and Landsberg erecta at a similar frequency, two mapping populations were established. For the initial mapping, genomic DNA of 50 mutant F2 plants of both popu ...
A Role for the Cytoskeleton in Heart Looping
... The shaping of tissues during organ development requires cell migrations, cell shape changes, and bending of epithelial sheets to form tubular structures that, in turn, undergo subsequent morphogenetic movements until the final shape of the organ is achieved[30,31]. These described morphogenetic cha ...
... The shaping of tissues during organ development requires cell migrations, cell shape changes, and bending of epithelial sheets to form tubular structures that, in turn, undergo subsequent morphogenetic movements until the final shape of the organ is achieved[30,31]. These described morphogenetic cha ...
Arabidopsis Kinetochore Fiber-Associated MAP65-4
... Next, we measured the frequency of catastrophe and rescue events of MTs when cross-linked by MAP65-4. These frequencies were defined as the ratio of catastrophe and rescue events during one measurement (recordings of ;25 min). For rescue events, we considered only situations of MT regrowth when the ...
... Next, we measured the frequency of catastrophe and rescue events of MTs when cross-linked by MAP65-4. These frequencies were defined as the ratio of catastrophe and rescue events during one measurement (recordings of ;25 min). For rescue events, we considered only situations of MT regrowth when the ...
The consequences of Rad51 overexpression for normal and tumor
... DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) occur through several sources; through the action of exogenous agents such as ionizing radiation, through inhibition of DNA topoisomerases, and from endogenous programmed events such as V(D)J recombination in the immunoglobulin genes and Spo11-promoted meiotic recombi ...
... DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) occur through several sources; through the action of exogenous agents such as ionizing radiation, through inhibition of DNA topoisomerases, and from endogenous programmed events such as V(D)J recombination in the immunoglobulin genes and Spo11-promoted meiotic recombi ...
Left-right axis determination - Izpisua Belmonte Lab
... the first cell cycle,46 while H+ /K+ -ATPase (H-V) mRNA is asymmetrically localized along the three spatial axes during the first cleavage stages.47–49 These asymmetries are observed at stages much earlier than the emergence of the leftward fluid flow.45 It remains to be elucidated whether these ear ...
... the first cell cycle,46 while H+ /K+ -ATPase (H-V) mRNA is asymmetrically localized along the three spatial axes during the first cleavage stages.47–49 These asymmetries are observed at stages much earlier than the emergence of the leftward fluid flow.45 It remains to be elucidated whether these ear ...
PDF + SI - Development - The Company of Biologists
... 1995). FCs are born from the asymmetric division of progenitor cells (PCs) specified at precise positions and times within the somatic mesoderm. Detailed characterization of a few somatic muscle lineages has established that muscle identity (specific shape, size, orientation) reflects the expression ...
... 1995). FCs are born from the asymmetric division of progenitor cells (PCs) specified at precise positions and times within the somatic mesoderm. Detailed characterization of a few somatic muscle lineages has established that muscle identity (specific shape, size, orientation) reflects the expression ...
The Ovule and the Embryo Sac
... Embryo Sac Development Occurs along Chalazal-Micropylar Ovule Axis Megaspore development and elaboration of the embryo sac occur along the chalazal-micropylar axis of the ovule. The polarity of the developing megagametophyte reflects the ovular polarity and suggests that the ovule plays a role in th ...
... Embryo Sac Development Occurs along Chalazal-Micropylar Ovule Axis Megaspore development and elaboration of the embryo sac occur along the chalazal-micropylar axis of the ovule. The polarity of the developing megagametophyte reflects the ovular polarity and suggests that the ovule plays a role in th ...
Keystone Standards
... BIO.A.2. 2. Describe and interpret relationships between structure and function at various levels of biochemical organization (i.e., atoms, molecules, and macromolecules). BIO.A.2. 2.1. Explain how carbon is uniquely suited to form biological macromolecules. BIO.A.2. 2.2. Describe how biological mac ...
... BIO.A.2. 2. Describe and interpret relationships between structure and function at various levels of biochemical organization (i.e., atoms, molecules, and macromolecules). BIO.A.2. 2.1. Explain how carbon is uniquely suited to form biological macromolecules. BIO.A.2. 2.2. Describe how biological mac ...
Journal of Bacteriology
... Recent literature on the antibiotics enduracidin, moenomycin, prasinomycin, and 11.837 RP suggested an interaction with murein synthesis. Incubation of sensitive strains from Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus in a "wall medium" containing labeled L-alanine showed that all four antibiotics in ...
... Recent literature on the antibiotics enduracidin, moenomycin, prasinomycin, and 11.837 RP suggested an interaction with murein synthesis. Incubation of sensitive strains from Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus in a "wall medium" containing labeled L-alanine showed that all four antibiotics in ...
Space to grow: interplay between growth and patterning in plant
... Figure 1. Pattern emergence from auxin maxima in plants. (A) Schematic representation of the plant model organism Arabidopsis thaliana showing zones (highlighted red and whose names are written next to them) where auxin accumulation provides positional information for organ patterning. High auxin co ...
... Figure 1. Pattern emergence from auxin maxima in plants. (A) Schematic representation of the plant model organism Arabidopsis thaliana showing zones (highlighted red and whose names are written next to them) where auxin accumulation provides positional information for organ patterning. High auxin co ...
Acetylation of Polysaccharides in Plant Cell Wall
... 1.3 What makes plant cell wall recalcitrant? Cell wall is complex matrix and properties of individual polymers and cross linking between them, make it resistant to enzymatic degradation during biofuel production. Cellulose microfibrils containing 500-14000 Glc units are tightly arranged to form crys ...
... 1.3 What makes plant cell wall recalcitrant? Cell wall is complex matrix and properties of individual polymers and cross linking between them, make it resistant to enzymatic degradation during biofuel production. Cellulose microfibrils containing 500-14000 Glc units are tightly arranged to form crys ...
Increased Susceptibility of the Sickle Cell Membrane
... the Ca2+-ATPaseof erythrocyte membranes is one of the most sensitive of these enzymes.” The Ca2+-ATPaseis an integral membrane protein with a molecular weight of 140,000 daltons.” The enzyme is inhibited by sulfhydryl alkylating agents” and by diamide, a selective sulfhydryl oxidizing agent.” The pr ...
... the Ca2+-ATPaseof erythrocyte membranes is one of the most sensitive of these enzymes.” The Ca2+-ATPaseis an integral membrane protein with a molecular weight of 140,000 daltons.” The enzyme is inhibited by sulfhydryl alkylating agents” and by diamide, a selective sulfhydryl oxidizing agent.” The pr ...
TESIS DOCTORAL
... 3D models can help us to study the biophysical, biomechanical and biochemical parameters that regulate cell differentiation. In this thesis, we have developed a 3D in vitro model to analyze the behavior of subcutaneous adipose derived progenitor cells (subATDPCs) in terms of viability, growth, and g ...
... 3D models can help us to study the biophysical, biomechanical and biochemical parameters that regulate cell differentiation. In this thesis, we have developed a 3D in vitro model to analyze the behavior of subcutaneous adipose derived progenitor cells (subATDPCs) in terms of viability, growth, and g ...
Cell cycle
The cell cycle or cell-division cycle is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication (replication) that produces two daughter cells. In prokaryotes which lack a cell nucleus, the cell cycle occurs via a process termed binary fission. In cells with a nucleus, as in eukaryotes, the cell cycle can be divided into three periods: interphase, the mitotic (M) phase, and cytokinesis. During interphase, the cell grows, accumulating nutrients needed for mitosis, preparing it for cell division and duplicating its DNA. During the mitotic phase, the cell splits itself into two distinct daughter cells. During the final stage, cytokinesis, the new cell is completely divided. To ensure the proper division of the cell, there are control mechanisms known as cell cycle checkpoints.The cell-division cycle is a vital process by which a single-celled fertilized egg develops into a mature organism, as well as the process by which hair, skin, blood cells, and some internal organs are renewed. After cell division, each of the daughter cells begin the interphase of a new cycle. Although the various stages of interphase are not usually morphologically distinguishable, each phase of the cell cycle has a distinct set of specialized biochemical processes that prepare the cell for initiation of cell division.